Mud

Fuel Efficient Stove Programs in IDP Settings - Summary Evaluation Report, Uganda
Academy for Educational Development for USAID, September 2007

Introduction: Evaluation Objectives

Around the world, conflict and natural disasters have displaced millions of people. Displaced populations fleeing to settlement camps and seeking safety in host villages often put great stress on natural resources, leading to environmental degradation and conflict with local populations. One of the greatest needs of all people affected by crisis, be they displaced, settled or on the move, is firewood or other types of fuel to heat their homes, cook their food, and treat water for drinking and food preparation. The risks endured (especially by women and children) collecting sometimes scarce wood resources constitute some of the most challenging and serious protection concerns both in IDP camps and in villages where the conflict over resources is high.

USAID’s Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) has been one of the key US Government funders of humanitarian agencies implementing fuel-efficient stove (FES) programs in IDP settings. The FES programs are intended to help the agencies accomplish various goals, such as improve food security or decrease deforestation, by reducing fuel consumption. However, the large number of implementers, their varying motives and degrees of expertise, and differing conditions within and among IDP communities have made it difficult for OFDA to determine the relative efficacy of the FES interventions and provide guidelines for USAID-funded entities working in IDP settings.

Therefore, OFDA enlisted the assistance of the USAID Energy Team to undertake a multi-phase evaluation in order to derive “best practices” for future FES interventions. While the primary purpose of this evaluation is to provide guidance to USAID-funded organizations, USAID hopes to inform the broader humanitarian community by sharing the results of the evaluation with them as well. Eventually, the best practices will be developed into a series of recommendations and toolkits for use by NGOs, donors, and other groups operating FES programs in IDP settings.

Low Cost Wood Gas Stove
Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India April 2006

Dissemination of efficient ASTRA stove: case study of a successful entrepreneur in Sirsi, India
C.M. Shastri, G. Sangeetha and N.H. Ravindranath, Energy for Sustainable Development l Volume VI No. 2 l June 2002

New Lorena Stove Design in Mexico
Dean Still and Jeremy Foster, Aprovecho Research, ETHOS March 2003

Five Stove Projects 2004, Ken Goyer, Aprovecho, October 2004

• Teosinte, El Salvador Vol 1
• Salina Cruz, Mexico Vol 2
• Torreon, Mexico Vol 3
• Ghana Vol 4
• Uganda Vol 5

Mud Stoves, Aprovecho/PCIA April 2005

AID Uganda April-May 2005, 10,000 Stoves Project, Ken Goyer June 2005

Tanzanian Hayboxes, Stoves, and Wonderbaskets, Meg Arenberg, Sunseed Tanzania Trust, August 2005

MALAWI: Mdula (Modular Mbaula) Mud Stove, Rok Oblak, Chembe, Malawi, October 2005

Escorts "Nada" Stove, Escorts Foundation, Changa Manga, (near Lahore) Pakistan, Maisoon Zamir, Maryam Bashir, 2004 Energy Globe (Austria) Winner, 56 villages, 11728 stoves, January 2006