February 1999 Gasification Archive

From neeft at ecn.nl Tue Feb 2 11:57:18 1999
From: neeft at ecn.nl (J. Neeft)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Biochemical composition
Message-ID: <16131506506166@ecnpdc.ecn.nl>

Dear Azmin and GASIFICATION,

ECN has constructed a database named 'Phyllis'.
It currently contains compositional data on more than 1200 biofuels,
such as ultimate and proximate analysis, heating values and data on
biochemical and ash composition if available.

The database contains data on cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin
content of rice husk and sawdust. These data have been send to you by
post.
Bram van der Drift (vanderdrift@ecn.nl) can send data sheets if you
specify the type(s) of biomass. Phyllis will be available on the
internet in the course of 1999.

Regards,
John P.A. Neeft
Biomass Conversion Technology
at Energy Research Foundation Netherlands (ECN)

"Phyllis is the Greek goddess of trees, wisdom and genetic information
contained in seeds"

----------
> Van: Azmin Ahmad Hasmat Ali <haimran@pl.jaring.my>
> Aan: undisclosed-recipients: ;
> Onderwerp:
> Datum: maandag 25 januari 1999 19:47
>
> hello,
> could you please help me. I need to know the cellulose, hemicellulose
> and lignin content of the following materials
> 1) Rice Husk
> 2) Sawdust
> 3) Palm oil Fibers
> It's for my research project.
>
> Thank you!!!
> Azmin Ahmad Hasmat Ali
> School Of Chemical Engineering,
> University Science Malaysia,
> Perak Branch Campus,
> 31750 Tronoh,
> Perak,
> MALAYSIA.
> Email : haimran@pop9.jaring.my
> Tel: 60-3-2410059
>
> Bioconversion SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/bioconversion-arc/
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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Tue Feb 2 13:08:46 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Biochemical composition
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902021809290746@classic.msn.com>

"Phyllis is the Greek goddess of trees, wisdom and genetic information
contained in seeds"

...sounds like that Guyan religion that is supposed to take over the world.
Any relation to the Thule's?

Skip
Sensible STeam

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From james at sri.org.au Tue Feb 2 17:21:58 1999
From: james at sri.org.au (James Joyce)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Biochemical composition
Message-ID: <19990203082310james@jj_lap.sri.org.au>

Nice to hear that there is more quality info becoming available on the
net. I have some details on sugar cane bagasse and trash (ash
composition, ash softening and sintering temperatures) if you are
interested in adding this.

Does anyone plan to add any info on combustion (oxygen) or gasification
(CO2 and H2O) reaction rates to a database ? I have some info for
oxygen reaction rates for bagasse. Even a table outlining relative
rates could be of use for many thinking about gasification of different
fuels.

Also, I presume you are all aware of the BIOBIB database (University of
Technology Vienna, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Fuel and
Environmental Technology). It contains properly referenced info, such
as heating value, ultimate analysis, proximate analysis, ash
composition, ash behaviour for 331 different fuels (mostly biomass).

BIOBIB is at http://edv1.vt.tuwien.ac.at/ag_hofba/biobib/biobib.htm

James Joyce
Engineer
Sugar Research Institute
Mackay Australia

>
> Dear Azmin and GASIFICATION,
>
> ECN has constructed a database named 'Phyllis'.
> It currently contains compositional data on more than 1200 biofuels,
> such as ultimate and proximate analysis, heating values and data on
> biochemical and ash composition if available.
>
> The database contains data on cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin
> content of rice post.
> Bram van der Drift (vanderdrift@ecn.nl) can send data sheets if you
> specify the type(s) of biomass. Phyllis will be available on the
> internet in the course of 1999.
>
> Regards,
> John P.A. Neeft
> Biomass Conversion Technology
> at Energy Research Foundation Netherlands (ECN)
>
>
> "Phyllis is the Greek goddess of trees, wisdom and genetic
> information contained in seeds"
>
>

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From Dean-Anne.Corson at xtra.co.nz Wed Feb 3 04:42:22 1999
From: Dean-Anne.Corson at xtra.co.nz (Anne and Dean Corson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Producer Gas
Message-ID: <36B8195F.91C@xtra.co.nz>

Hi all - just a quick question. What is the mass of producer gas (minus
the CO2) from 1kg of carbon?. Now I did some quick calculations and got
about 1.2kg producer gas, how close did I get?. Next, how much of the
original energy stored in the carbon is used during this conversion and
how much energy is available in the resulting producer gas?.

Thanks for your help

Dean

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From costich at pacifier.com Wed Feb 3 10:39:19 1999
From: costich at pacifier.com (Dale Costich)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Producer Gas
Message-ID: <002001be4f8b$75566fc0$3d8c41d8@costich.pacifier.com>

-----Original Message-----
From: Anne and Dean Corson <Dean-Anne.Corson@xtra.co.nz>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Wednesday, February 03, 1999 1:45 AM
Subject: GAS-L: Producer Gas

>Hi all - just a quick question. What is the mass of producer gas (minus
>the CO2) from 1kg of carbon?. Now I did some quick calculations and got
>about 1.2kg producer gas, how close did I get?. Next, how much of the
>original energy stored in the carbon is used during this conversion and
>how much energy is available in the resulting producer gas?.
>
>Thanks for your help
>
>Dean
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>congratulations: You've just created .2 Kg of new matter! This breakthru
will probably go unheralded. Seriously tho, I was of the belief Carbon
burns a 2000 degrees F or hotter and that we never touch the carbon molecule
(mayby warm it up a little) but we obtain an inefficient next best thing
that being deriving some heat from the destruction of carbon/hydrogen
chains. Since I have been gasifying wood and any other cellulosics (see
http://members.tripod.com/~costich) I've come to believe 150 btu to the cu
ft of producer gas is standard perhaps a little more when I drip in waste
crank case oil. Best luck Dale Costich

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From dschmidt at eerc.und.nodak.edu Wed Feb 3 12:10:25 1999
From: dschmidt at eerc.und.nodak.edu (Schmidt, Darren)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Producer Gas
Message-ID: <601A55066596D211A7AD00104BC6FB25073292@catalina.eerc.und.NoDak.edu>

1 lb of Carbon produces 4.8 lbs total of producer gas. Subtracting CO2 1
lb Carbon produces 2.7 lbs producer gas. It was a funny question but I
understand what you want. For others who want to check the mass balance
here is the data.
2000 lb/hr wood
40% carbon
1000 scfm producer gas
or 3840 lbs/hr
composition volumetric composition mass
H2 20.6% 1.6%
CO2 17.4% 30%
N2 41.8% 46.4%
CH4 2.6% 1.7%
CO 16.7% 20.3%
Result
800 lb/hr carbon input
695 lb/hr carbon in product gas
105 lb/hr lost in particulate, tar, etc.
-----Original Message-----
From: Dale Costich [mailto:costich@pacifier.com]
Sent: Wednesday, February 03, 1999 9:40 AM
To: gasification@crest.org
Subject: Re: GAS-L: Producer Gas

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From arcate at email.msn.com Thu Feb 4 00:04:01 1999
From: arcate at email.msn.com (Jim Arcate)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Fw: cork waste as fuel
Message-ID: <001301be4ffb$bdd6a920$0100007f@localhost>

Hello Gasification Group:

It is the New Year and the spirits are high. So please help me respond to
this inquiry from Anne Blindt. I did a quick web search and found The Cork
Institute of Technology but that didn't help. Who knows maybe I can start a
cork charcoal business and spend my days picking up cork floats on Hawaii's
beaches.

aloha,

Jim Arcate
Transnational Technology
www.techtp.com

PS: See General Information about Cork at
http://www.wicander.com/DOCS/CorkInfo.html

-----------------------------
Date: Wednesday, February 03, 1999 2:29 PM
Subject: cork waste as fuel

James: I read your article on wood waste for fuel. Perhaps you can help me
in some research. I am Anne Blindt, a regional recycling coordinator in
north eastern North Carolina. I have been asked by an industrial developer
in the area to find out if there are any markets for waste cork. This would
be pressed cork cutouts, similar to that used in cork boards and gaskets. I
am looking for BTU information so I can get it to local boiler-fuel users,
and am also looking for cork composting information.

Thanks. My work e-mail is alb@ppcc.dst.nc.us . I would appreciate any
information you could give me.
-----------------------------

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From tmiles at teleport.com Thu Feb 4 00:46:37 1999
From: tmiles at teleport.com (Tom Miles)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Fw: cork waste as fuel
In-Reply-To: <001301be4ffb$bdd6a920$0100007f@localhost>
Message-ID: <199902040548.VAA20423@mail.easystreet.com>

Try Portugal?

:-)

Tom

At 07:03 PM 2/3/99 -1000, you wrote:
>Hello Gasification Group:
>
>It is the New Year and the spirits are high. So please help me respond to
>this inquiry from Anne Blindt. I did a quick web search and found The Cork
>Institute of Technology but that didn't help. Who knows maybe I can start a
>cork charcoal business and spend my days picking up cork floats on Hawaii's
>beaches.
>
>aloha,
>
>Jim Arcate
>Transnational Technology
>www.techtp.com
>
>PS: See General Information about Cork at
>http://www.wicander.com/DOCS/CorkInfo.html
>
>-----------------------------
>Date: Wednesday, February 03, 1999 2:29 PM
>Subject: cork waste as fuel
>
>
>James: I read your article on wood waste for fuel. Perhaps you can help me
>in some research. I am Anne Blindt, a regional recycling coordinator in
>north eastern North Carolina. I have been asked by an industrial developer
>in the area to find out if there are any markets for waste cork. This would
>be pressed cork cutouts, similar to that used in cork boards and gaskets. I
>am looking for BTU information so I can get it to local boiler-fuel users,
>and am also looking for cork composting information.
>
>Thanks. My work e-mail is alb@ppcc.dst.nc.us . I would appreciate any
>information you could give me.
>-----------------------------
>
>
>
>
>
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>
T.R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
1470 SW Woodward Way http://www.teleport.com/~tmiles
Portland, OR 97225
Tel 503-292-0107 Fax 503-605-0208
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From graeme at powerlink.co.nz Thu Feb 4 02:38:42 1999
From: graeme at powerlink.co.nz (Graeme Williams)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: New pictures from Doug Williams
Message-ID: <000301be5010$f21035c0$6ce637d2@graeme>

SweetWaters Gasification

Dear Colleagues

As I haven't been available to contribute much to gasification for the last
few months, thought you may be interested to hear about Sweetwaters, New
Zealand's equivalent to Woodstock which as most know was a huge rock music
venue in the U.S.A.

I was asked last September if I could put on a gasification demonstration
and possibly supply electric power to some of the stands for the four day
event, January 22-25. As it wasn't going to cost anything for the site, and
was really to show the attending Greenies what could be done with renewable
energy, it was a chance to get some suntan.
Massey University was also invited to show their work with biomass and
gasification, so we set up a joint exhibit using their Datson J4 generator
set and Fluidyne's 10kWe Pioneer Class wood gasifier. Fluidyne supplied
Massey their gasifier and built the genset a few years ago, and it has
enabled the University to build up their capability to expand renewable
energy studies under the watchful eye of Ralph Sims a friend from way back.

Both my gasifier and their engine hadn't been used for over a year, so
anything that could go wrong didn't. The gasifier fired up in 10 seconds
and the engine started on gas in just under 4 minutes, and the power
flowed! The output of the genset is only 5 K.V.A. 240V, so we didn't have a
huge wood consumption to worry about.

The 10kWe Pioneer Class was built way back in 1987, to see if a simple
design could be as reliable as the larger Pacific Class. It was never
considered for commercial sales even though its proven itself time and again
over 12 years.

Also in attendance were the do it yourself gasifier enthusiasts, some
spending four days trying to get their engines started on gasoline. Only
one drove itself on site and left the same way on gas, which for a small bus
(top speed 120km/hr on flat) is a real performer.

It was an opportunity to provide assistance to those building gasifiers and
sort out their operating procedures. Even the crudest design will make gas
albeit terry, but not even that when the fuel was firewood stove billets!

Surprisingly, I was informed that two of the earliest gasifier hearths we
sold (about 79-80) were still in use on pottery kilns. When built these
hearths had an unknown life span, so our later models should still be making
gas in 2020 and beyond, that is if anyone around still knows how to operate
them.

Shell and BP were present with their P.V. cells and as Shell were using the
P.V. cells to power an electric water cylinder (for a coffee stall) they
ended up using a genset for part of the time as nobody likes cold coffee.

I took a few photographs of our tinkerings, and you can see them by clicking
on the web page.

http://powerlink.co.nz/~graeme/dougspictures.html

Regards
Doug Williams

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From DMcilveenw at aol.com Thu Feb 4 08:46:21 1999
From: DMcilveenw at aol.com (DMcilveenw@aol.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Fw: cork waste as fuel
Message-ID: <72e88338.36b9a4cc@aol.com>

I am currently working on a project involving the use of cork waste for energy
purposes within a cork processing plant. This is a project within the EC FAIR
programme. We are working with a Portugese processor (MJO), a Portugese
research institute (INETI) and a Spanish research institute (CIEMAT).

Let me know what information you require, and I will try to help.

David McIlveen-Wright,
NICERT,
University of Ulster,
Coleraine BT52 1SA
N. Ireland
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From costich at pacifier.com Thu Feb 4 09:24:22 1999
From: costich at pacifier.com (Dale Costich)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Producer Gas
Message-ID: <001001be504a$2ce10920$718c41d8@costich.pacifier.com>

-----Original Message-----
From: Schmidt, Darren <dschmidt@eerc.und.nodak.edu>
To: 'gasification@crest.org' <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Wednesday, February 03, 1999 9:14 AM
Subject: RE: GAS-L: Producer Gas

>1 lb of Carbon produces 4.8 lbs total of producer gas. Subtracting CO2 1
>lb Carbon produces 2.7 lbs producer gas. It was a funny question but I
>understand what you want. For others who want to check the mass balance
>here is the data.
>2000 lb/hr wood
>40% carbon
>1000 scfm producer gas
>or 3840 lbs/hr
>composition volumetric composition mass
>H2 20.6% 1.6%
>CO2 17.4% 30%
>N2 41.8% 46.4%
>CH4 2.6% 1.7%
>CO 16.7% 20.3%
>Result
>800 lb/hr carbon input
>695 lb/hr carbon in product gas
>105 lb/hr lost in particulate, tar, etc.
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Dale Costich [mailto:costich@pacifier.com]
>Sent: Wednesday, February 03, 1999 9:40 AM
>To: gasification@crest.org
>Subject: Re: GAS-L: Producer Gas
>
>
>
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Anne and Dean Corson <Dean-Anne.Corson@xtra.co.nz>
>To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
>Date: Wednesday, February 03, 1999 1:45 AM
>Subject: GAS-L: Producer Gas
>
>
>>Hi all - just a quick question. What is the mass of producer gas (minus
>>the CO2) from 1kg of carbon?. Now I did some quick calculations and got
>>about 1.2kg producer gas, how close did I get?. Next, how much of the
>>original energy stored in the carbon is used during this conversion and
>>how much energy is available in the resulting producer gas?.
>>
>>Thanks for your help
>>
>>Dean
>>
>>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>>congratulations: You've just created .2 Kg of new matter! This breakthru
>will probably go unheralded. Seriously tho, I was of the belief Carbon
>burns a 2000 degrees F or hotter and that we never touch the carbon
molecule
>(mayby warm it up a little) but we obtain an inefficient next best thing
>that being deriving some heat from the destruction of carbon/hydrogen
>chains. Since I have been gasifying wood and any other cellulosics (see
>http://members.tripod.com/~costich) I've come to believe 150 btu to the cu
>ft of producer gas is standard perhaps a little more when I drip in waste
>crank case oil. Best luck Dale Costich
>Well suffering succatasch-I read the question wrong-but it remains true one
can manage these devices and no little about the physics and math that is
actually happening--thanks for the churchin' up...Dale
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

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From arcate at email.msn.com Thu Feb 4 14:55:40 1999
From: arcate at email.msn.com (Jim Arcate)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Lurgi biomass power
Message-ID: <004001be5078$4d9d3ac0$0100007f@localhost>

Hello Gasification:

The following may be of general interest re. biomass power developments.
-----------------------------
>From http://www.lurgi.com/englisch/index1.html
News / Press
-----------------------------
Lurgi Lentjes Standardkessel AG to Supply two Biomass-fired Power Plants for
Spain (January 4, 1999) for the supply of two turnkey biomass-fired power
plants generating energy from olive pulp in Spain. The two plants were sold
for a total contract value of DM 90.1 million and will be the largest power
plants in Europe exclusively fired with biomass.
-----------------------------
First Biomass-to-Gas Plant in the Netherlands (May 19, 1998) Lurgi Nederland
B.V., a subsidiary of Lurgi Umwelt GmbH, was commissioned by N. V.
Elektriciteits-Produktiemaatschappij Zuid-Nederland, EPZ,-- with the
construction of a plant for the production and cleaning of fuel gas from
CO2-neutral fuels (wood) at the Amercentrale location in Geertruidenberg.
The process applied has a special feature in that the gas production unit is
coupled with an existing power plant. The concomitant substitution of
bituminous coal meets the global demand for CO2 abatement.
-----------------------------------

James R. Arcate
www.techtp.com

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From R.E.Sims at massey.ac.nz Thu Feb 4 14:56:18 1999
From: R.E.Sims at massey.ac.nz (Ralph Sims)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: New pictures from Doug Williams
In-Reply-To: <000301be5010$f21035c0$6ce637d2@graeme>
Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19990205084726.007230d4@mail.massey.ac.nz>

Well done Doug. Good publicity for you and Massey. Photos came out well. I
have some of you I'll send to you too.

Glad we weren't being paid.!!!!!

Ralph

At 08:34 PM 2/4/99 +1300, you wrote:
>
>SweetWaters Gasification
>
>Dear Colleagues
>
>As I haven't been available to contribute much to gasification for the last
>few months, thought you may be interested to hear about Sweetwaters, New
>Zealand's equivalent to Woodstock which as most know was a huge rock music
>venue in the U.S.A.
>
>I was asked last September if I could put on a gasification demonstration
>and possibly supply electric power to some of the stands for the four day
>event, January 22-25. As it wasn't going to cost anything for the site, and
>was really to show the attending Greenies what could be done with renewable
>energy, it was a chance to get some suntan.
>Massey University was also invited to show their work with biomass and
>gasification, so we set up a joint exhibit using their Datson J4 generator
>set and Fluidyne's 10kWe Pioneer Class wood gasifier. Fluidyne supplied
>Massey their gasifier and built the genset a few years ago, and it has
>enabled the University to build up their capability to expand renewable
>energy studies under the watchful eye of Ralph Sims a friend from way back.
>
>Both my gasifier and their engine hadn't been used for over a year, so
>anything that could go wrong didn't. The gasifier fired up in 10 seconds
>and the engine started on gas in just under 4 minutes, and the power
>flowed! The output of the genset is only 5 K.V.A. 240V, so we didn't have a
>huge wood consumption to worry about.
>
>The 10kWe Pioneer Class was built way back in 1987, to see if a simple
>design could be as reliable as the larger Pacific Class. It was never
>considered for commercial sales even though its proven itself time and again
>over 12 years.
>
>Also in attendance were the do it yourself gasifier enthusiasts, some
>spending four days trying to get their engines started on gasoline. Only
>one drove itself on site and left the same way on gas, which for a small bus
>(top speed 120km/hr on flat) is a real performer.
>
>It was an opportunity to provide assistance to those building gasifiers and
>sort out their operating procedures. Even the crudest design will make gas
>albeit terry, but not even that when the fuel was firewood stove billets!
>
>Surprisingly, I was informed that two of the earliest gasifier hearths we
>sold (about 79-80) were still in use on pottery kilns. When built these
>hearths had an unknown life span, so our later models should still be making
>gas in 2020 and beyond, that is if anyone around still knows how to operate
>them.
>
>Shell and BP were present with their P.V. cells and as Shell were using the
>P.V. cells to power an electric water cylinder (for a coffee stall) they
>ended up using a genset for part of the time as nobody likes cold coffee.
>
>I took a few photographs of our tinkerings, and you can see them by clicking
>on the web page.
>
>http://powerlink.co.nz/~graeme/dougspictures.html
>
>Regards
>Doug Williams
>
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>
>
Ralph E H Sims

Director, Massey University Centre for Energy Research
Associate Professor, Sustainable Energy

Institute of Technology and Engineering
College of Sciences
Massey University
Private Bag 11222
Palmerston North
New Zealand

Tel: +64 (0)6 3505288
Fax: +64 (0)6 3505640
E-mail: R.E.Sims@massey.ac.nz

Home: +64 (0)6 3573257
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From REEDTB at compuserve.com Fri Feb 5 09:26:38 1999
From: REEDTB at compuserve.com (Tom Reed)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Producer Gas
Message-ID: <199902050927_MC2-695F-562C@compuserve.com>

Gasification:

There is no exact answer as to the weight of producer gas from "one pound
of carbon". (Or did you really mean 1 lb of wood, as Dale Costich seems to
think?)

The reaction
2C + O2 + 3.76 N2 ==> 2CO + 3.76 N2
Mass 24 32 105 56 105

shows that 1 lb or kg of C gives 6.7 lb or kg of producer gas.

Pure CO has a HHV of 13.1 MJ/Nm3 or 322 Btu/scf. (See Table 7-2 in our
Handbook....). Becausee of the N2 dilution, the PG from C would be 13.1 X
2/(2+3.76) = 4.55MJ/NM3 or 111.8 Btu/scf. PRETTY WEAK GAS!

HOWEVER:
No one ever gasifies pure carbon. Typically there are 5-25% volatiles
remaining after pyrolysis.
The reaction will probably produce some CO2.
And no one ever uses air alone - need to add some steam or CO2 to moderate
the temperature of reaction.

SO your question is case specific.

Yours truly, TOM REED

Dale Costich says.....

>Hi all - just a quick question. What is the mass of producer gas (minus
>the CO2) from 1kg of carbon?. Now I did some quick calculations and got
>about 1.2kg producer gas, how close did I get?. Next, how much of the
>original energy stored in the carbon is used during this conversion and
>how much energy is available in the resulting producer gas?.
>
>Thanks for your help
>
>Dean
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>congratulations: You've just created .2 Kg of new matter! This breakthru
will probably go unheralded. Seriously tho, I was of the belief Carbon
burns a 2000 degrees F or hotter and that we never touch the carbon
molecule
(mayby warm it up a little) but we obtain an inefficient next best thing
that being deriving some heat from the destruction of carbon/hydrogen
chains. Since I have been gasifying wood and any other cellulosics (see
http://members.tripod.com/~costich) I've come to believe 150 btu to the cu
ft of producer gas is standard perhaps a little more when I drip in waste
crank case oil. Best luck Dale Costich

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Thomas B. Reed: The Biomass Energy Foundation
1810 Smith Rd., Golden, CO 80401
303 278 0558V; 303 278 0560F
E-mail: reedtb@compuserve.com
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From REEDTB at compuserve.com Fri Feb 5 09:27:26 1999
From: REEDTB at compuserve.com (Tom Reed)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Gone a week
Message-ID: <199902050927_MC2-695F-5647@compuserve.com>

Dear Gasification:

I will be gone and out of Email touch from Feb 7-14.

TOM REED

From dschmidt at eerc.und.nodak.edu Fri Feb 5 10:41:33 1999
From: dschmidt at eerc.und.nodak.edu (Schmidt, Darren)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Producer Gas
Message-ID: <601A55066596D211A7AD00104BC6FB25073299@catalina.eerc.und.NoDak.edu>

Tom, I sent the response, (Darren Schmidt) not Dale, just FYI it doesn't
matter to me.
I did assume that the question was pertaining to the % carbon in wood and
not direct gasification of pure carbon.

Looks like you recently published a new book with Siddhartha Gaur "Thermal
Data for Natural and Synthetic Fuels" I am planning a modeling project soon
and will definitely purchase the book. Congratulations, looks very
interesting.

-----Original Message-----
From: Tom Reed [mailto:REEDTB@compuserve.com]
Sent: Friday, February 05, 1999 8:27 AM
To: INTERNET:gasification@crest.org
Subject: RE: GAS-L: Producer Gas

Gasification:

There is no exact answer as to the weight of producer gas from "one pound
of carbon". (Or did you really mean 1 lb of wood, as Dale Costich seems to
think?)

The reaction
2C + O2 + 3.76 N2 ==> 2CO + 3.76 N2
Mass 24 32 105 56 105

shows that 1 lb or kg of C gives 6.7 lb or kg of producer gas.

SO your question is case specific.

Yours truly, TOM REED

Dale Costich says.....

>Hi all - just a quick question. What is the mass of producer gas (minus
>the CO2) from 1kg of carbon?. Now I did some quick calculations and got
>about 1.2kg producer gas, how close did I get?. Next, how much of the
>original energy stored in the carbon is used during this conversion and
>how much energy is available in the resulting producer gas?.
>
>Thanks for your help
>
>Dean
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>congratulations: You've just created .2 Kg of new matter! This breakthru
will probably go unheralded. Seriously tho, I was of the belief Carbon
burns a 2000 degrees F or hotter and that we never touch the carbon
molecule
(mayby warm it up a little) but we obtain an inefficient next best thing
that being deriving some heat from the destruction of carbon/hydrogen
chains. Since I have been gasifying wood and any other cellulosics (see
http://members.tripod.com/~costich) I've come to believe 150 btu to the cu
ft of producer gas is standard perhaps a little more when I drip in waste
crank case oil. Best luck Dale Costich

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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Fri Feb 5 23:30:11 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902060430490153@classic.msn.com>

When burning cedar scrap in the new furnaces I mentioned earlier that use the
Duraboard and the Cerablanket, I got a sunburn on the underside of my arms.
When the furnace door is opened, one can see absolute brilliant light coming
out. Now, the fire is burning rather cool and even smoking a little in
places, but where the gasses come in contact with the refractory and behind
the expanded metal which is glowing red, there seems to be a catalytic type
reaction.
Well, that in itself is nice, but I am now wondering if there is a certain
amount of radiation involved here.
First of all, I have plenty of 'tatto's' where I have been burned below the
surface of my skin and the surface was ok. Thank you steam. I know that
there is a certain amount of short radiation (gamma?) from those haulin' ass
bi-polar molecules and that is why i get those tattoos. But now I am
concerned that in the process of CO going to C02, there could be a radiation
process here that extends into the ultra-violet and above range. I got the
same tan from welding.....and this is not a good thing.

Is it possible that with these new fiborous type ceramic refractories that we
can develop rays at temps far lower than the book suggest? Perhaps the
refractory and not the gas itself is the source of radiation?
Could it be that the structure of these high density ceramics eminate rays
instead of absorbe them because their crystaline structure is compressed and
there is little or no gaps between the crystals to absorb or cancel them out?
What about the esters from the wood? I know that cedar is loaded with funky
oils and I bet a lot of those are based with various rare metals. Perhaps
these metals are catalyzing due to the action of the ceramic fibers or some
kind of mix here?
Most important: is there a radiation that is getting "fixed" to the outgoing
gasses or even the structure of the boiler itself?

Don't scratch your heads too hard on this one cuz I am told hair is the first
thing to go when you get older.(I hope so!)

Skip Goebel
Sensible Steam Consultants
www.sensiblesteam.com

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From costich at pacifier.com Sat Feb 6 11:48:46 1999
From: costich at pacifier.com (Dale Costich)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
Message-ID: <002901be51f0$b3067ba0$8e8c41d8@costich.pacifier.com>

-----Original Message-----
From: skip goebel <146942@classic.msn.com>
To: Gasification <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Friday, February 05, 1999 8:34 PM
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION

>When burning cedar scrap in the new furnaces I mentioned earlier that use
the
>Duraboard and the Cerablanket, I got a sunburn on the underside of my arms.
>When the furnace door is opened, one can see absolute brilliant light
coming
>out. Now, the fire is burning rather cool and even smoking a little in
>places, but where the gasses come in contact with the refractory and behind
>the expanded metal which is glowing red, there seems to be a catalytic type
>reaction.
>Well, that in itself is nice, but I am now wondering if there is a certain
>amount of radiation involved here.
>First of all, I have plenty of 'tatto's' where I have been burned below the
>surface of my skin and the surface was ok. Thank you steam. I know that
>there is a certain amount of short radiation (gamma?) from those haulin'
ass
>bi-polar molecules and that is why i get those tattoos. But now I am
>concerned that in the process of CO going to C02, there could be a
radiation
>process here that extends into the ultra-violet and above range. I got the
>same tan from welding.....and this is not a good thing.
>
>Is it possible that with these new fiborous type ceramic refractories that
we
>can develop rays at temps far lower than the book suggest? Perhaps the
>refractory and not the gas itself is the source of radiation?
>Could it be that the structure of these high density ceramics eminate rays
>instead of absorbe them because their crystaline structure is compressed
and
>there is little or no gaps between the crystals to absorb or cancel them
out?
>What about the esters from the wood? I know that cedar is loaded with
funky
>oils and I bet a lot of those are based with various rare metals. Perhaps
>these metals are catalyzing due to the action of the ceramic fibers or some
>kind of mix here?
>Most important: is there a radiation that is getting "fixed" to the
outgoing
>gasses or even the structure of the boiler itself?
>
>Don't scratch your heads too hard on this one cuz I am told hair is the
first
>thing to go when you get older.(I hope so!)
>
>Skip Goebel
>Sensible Steam Consultants
>www.sensiblesteam.com
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>Skip : Sorry about the sunburn. The cerablanket becomes a "black body
emitter" and reflects infrared between 1 and 2 microns wavelength--see
http://members.tripod.com/~costich and the thread about thermo/photovoltaic
gallium-antimonide electricity generators that I rep. The series strings
of sliced wafers selectively absorb the frequency mentioned above and behave
as diodes to pump volt/amps into a load. Your skin was the unfortunate and
unwitting load. Silicon carbide "frits" or screens are preferred to your
cerablanket or aluma-silicate for continuous exposure at 1400 to 1500 C
temps. Dale Costich

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From VHarris001 at aol.com Sat Feb 6 14:44:23 1999
From: VHarris001 at aol.com (VHarris001@aol.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
Message-ID: <b3c4f354.36bc9bd1@aol.com>

Dale, does the reflected infrared help increase the heat or intensity or
efficiency of combustion in Skip's firebox more than would a firebox that were
not made from cerablanket, given that both were equally insulated?

Thanks,
Vernon Harris
VHarris001@aol.com

____________________________

In a message dated 2/6/99 11:52:11 AM Eastern Standard Time,
costich@pacifier.com writes:

> >Skip : Sorry about the sunburn. The cerablanket becomes a "black body
> emitter" and reflects infrared between 1 and 2 microns wavelength--see
> http://members.tripod.com/~costich and the thread about thermo/photovoltaic
> gallium-antimonide electricity generators that I rep. The series strings
> of sliced wafers selectively absorb the frequency mentioned above and
behave
> as diodes to pump volt/amps into a load. Your skin was the unfortunate and
> unwitting load. Silicon carbide "frits" or screens are preferred to your
> cerablanket or aluma-silicate for continuous exposure at 1400 to 1500 C
> temps. Dale Costich
>
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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Sat Feb 6 19:04:10 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902062100530462@classic.msn.com>

Dale,
i am sure that the temps are below 1800f

does those high temps mean there is a reaction happening in the immediate
vecinity of the refractory?

what i am leading up to is that a pipe lined with fluffy cerablanket and then
waterglassed might make an effective and cheap catalytic converter, but, would
it be safe?

skip

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From costich at pacifier.com Sun Feb 7 11:25:35 1999
From: costich at pacifier.com (Dale Costich)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
Message-ID: <001801be52b6$a21d3060$7a8c41d8@costich.pacifier.com>

Vern: heat is radiated, convected and conducted, to enhance re-radiation of
fire itself (thru catalytic means) must improve combustion, just as does
improving convection and conduction to their ends. Dale
-----Original Message-----
From: VHarris001@aol.com <VHarris001@aol.com>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Saturday, February 06, 1999 11:48 AM
Subject: Re: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION

>Dale, does the reflected infrared help increase the heat or intensity or
>efficiency of combustion in Skip's firebox more than would a firebox that
were
>not made from cerablanket, given that both were equally insulated?
>
>Thanks,
>Vernon Harris
>VHarris001@aol.com
>
>____________________________
>
>In a message dated 2/6/99 11:52:11 AM Eastern Standard Time,
>costich@pacifier.com writes:
>
>> >Skip : Sorry about the sunburn. The cerablanket becomes a "black body
>> emitter" and reflects infrared between 1 and 2 microns wavelength--see
>> http://members.tripod.com/~costich and the thread about
thermo/photovoltaic
>> gallium-antimonide electricity generators that I rep. The series
strings
>> of sliced wafers selectively absorb the frequency mentioned above and
>behave
>> as diodes to pump volt/amps into a load. Your skin was the unfortunate
and
>> unwitting load. Silicon carbide "frits" or screens are preferred to
your
>> cerablanket or aluma-silicate for continuous exposure at 1400 to 1500 C
>> temps. Dale Costich
>>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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>

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From costich at pacifier.com Sun Feb 7 11:43:10 1999
From: costich at pacifier.com (Dale Costich)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
Message-ID: <001d01be52b9$178879c0$7a8c41d8@costich.pacifier.com>

-----Original Message-----
From: skip goebel <146942@classic.msn.com>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Saturday, February 06, 1999 4:07 PM
Subject: RE: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION

>Dale,
>i am sure that the temps are below 1800f
>
>does those high temps mean there is a reaction happening in the immediate
>vecinity of the refractory?
>
>what i am leading up to is that a pipe lined with fluffy cerablanket and
then
>waterglassed might make an effective and cheap catalytic converter, but,
would
>it be safe?
>
>skip
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>By now you've taken a chunk of cera-blanket and blasted it with a propane
torch. Its neat that you can almost immediately handle the sample! The
space shuttle tiles display this property only they are not fluffy. When
you ask..."when waterglassed might make catalytic converter..." I think
what you observe IS catalytic conversion happening so , so yes. Sodium
Silicate is water glass? Would you soak blanket in sodium silicate to
rigidize the interstitial spaces? I think your on to a delicate but
appropriate catalytic converter that could be effective where operated at
these high temps. Good luck, Dale
PS: Are you going to Solwest energy conference in John Day, Or. July 24,
25. ?

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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Sun Feb 7 13:59:11 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902071859590380@classic.msn.com>

Vern, I used to make refractory from brick, etc...
the high density ceramics beat it by a factor of ?? but quite a bit
skip

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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Sun Feb 7 13:59:31 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902071900010443@classic.msn.com>

Sorry, not going to the conference as I am a Randian type capitalist who
despizes the 'grant' system.

In my donkey boilers, I use cerablanket soaked in the silicate. I then pat
and form it into the areas needed. It works so well I can melt a penny in mmy
hand with a torch and that is the 1/4" material!!

In the deluxe boilers, I put in 1/2" dry, hold in place with expanded metal
and air spray the silicate into the fibers. On large boilers I use duraboard,
but if you look at the surface, it is hairy too. see www.sensiblesteam.com
and look at the donkey boilers.

My main question on all that is if we are using silicates with no gaps between
the crystals to cancel out the high frequency radiations, and they are
obviously amplified, is this a bad thing?
another thought, would those high end lights assist in the breakdown of the
compounds in the gasses, etc.?
skip

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From boilrmkr at surfsouth.com Mon Feb 8 13:46:10 1999
From: boilrmkr at surfsouth.com (Gene Zebley)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
Message-ID: <36BF2F73.B12EB94E@surfsouth.com>

Help.

g/Nm3 - Means what?

begin:vcard
n:Zebley;Gene
tel;fax:(912)346-3874
tel;home:(912)890-1296
tel;work:(912)346-3545 ext. 139
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
url:http://www.hurstboiler.com
org:Hurst Boiler and Welding Co., Inc.;Sales
adr:;;21791 US Hwy 319 South;Coolidge;GA;31738;USA
version:2.1
email;internet:boilrmkr@surfsouth.com
title:Solid Fuel Boiler Project Manager
x-mozilla-cpt:;1824
fn:Gene Zebley
end:vcard

From hauserman at corpcomm.net Mon Feb 8 14:32:09 1999
From: hauserman at corpcomm.net (William B. Hauserman)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
Message-ID: <000b01be53a2$20674a00$e0f346cf@newmicronpc>

"grams per nanometer cubed" a very low concentration of something.
-----Original Message-----
From: Gene Zebley <boilrmkr@surfsouth.com>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Monday, February 08, 1999 12:53 PM
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements

>Help.
>
>g/Nm3 - Means what?
>
>
>

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From mlefcort at compuserve.com Mon Feb 8 15:27:23 1999
From: mlefcort at compuserve.com (Malcolm D. Lefcort)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
Message-ID: <199902081528_MC2-69AC-DCE8@compuserve.com>

Bill,

Up here in BC when we talk of mg/Nm3, we mean milligrams of particulate per
normal cubic metre.

BC wood burning incinerators have to meet 120 mg/Nm3 at 8% O2 by volume
which is equivalent to 0.052 grains/dry standard cubic foot (gr/dscf).

The EPA's particulate limit for basic incinerators is 0.08 gr/dscf at 12%
CO2 by volume. 12% CO2 bu volume is about the same as 9% O2 by volume.
Many regional jurisdictions have tighter limits.

Malcolm Lefcort.
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From rcbrown at iastate.edu Mon Feb 8 16:46:41 1999
From: rcbrown at iastate.edu (Robert C Brown)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
In-Reply-To: <000b01be53a2$20674a00$e0f346cf@newmicronpc>
Message-ID: <3.0.3.32.19990208154625.006b45ac@pop-3.iastate.edu>

Another interpretation: grams per normal (standard) cubic meters.
Measured at standard temperature and pressure (like Btu/scf).

At 02:32 PM 2/8/99 -0600, you wrote:
>"grams per nanometer cubed" a very low concentration of something.
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Gene Zebley <boilrmkr@surfsouth.com>
>To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
>Date: Monday, February 08, 1999 12:53 PM
>Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
>
>
>>Help.
>>
>>g/Nm3 - Means what?
>>
>>
>>
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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>
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From VHarris001 at aol.com Mon Feb 8 18:16:51 1999
From: VHarris001 at aol.com (VHarris001@aol.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
Message-ID: <b41acf0.36bf6fb2@aol.com>

Skip, refractory isn't necessarily a good insulator, so would that be a good
comparison? I guess I was wondering if your firebox, instead of being lined
with expanded metal, was lined with sheet metal, would it then burn less
intensely simply because it didn't radiate infrared. Dale responded that any
type of radiation increases the intensity of combustion, which makes sense to
me.

Tom Reed patented a gold lined quartz tube that reflects infrared back into
the gasifier. Your ceraboard firebox must be doing the same thing?

Do you have any idea how durable the ceraboard is when operating? Can you
throw big logs in there and stuff without serious damage? I'd like to use
rigidized cerablanket and expanded metal also, but it has to withstand loading
and augering out. Even the auger can create a great deal of pressure against
the surfaces. Any feedback is always appreciated!

Vernon

In a message dated 2/7/99 2:03:14 PM Eastern Standard Time,
146942@classic.msn.com writes:

> Subj: RE: GAS-L: RADIATION FROM COMBUSTION
> Date: 2/7/99 2:03:14 PM Eastern Standard Time
> From: 146942@classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
> Sender: owner-gasification@crest.org
> Reply-to: <A HREF="mailto:gasification@crest.org">gasification@crest.org
</A>
> To: gasification@crest.org
>
> Vern, I used to make refractory from brick, etc...
> the high density ceramics beat it by a factor of ?? but quite a bit
> skip
>
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
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From arnt at c2i.net Mon Feb 8 18:54:02 1999
From: arnt at c2i.net (Arnt Karlsen)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
In-Reply-To: <3.0.3.32.19990208154625.006b45ac@pop-3.iastate.edu>
Message-ID: <36BF77F2.6A5523DD@c2i.net>

Robert C Brown wrote a valid, but less humorous:
interpretation: grams per normal (standard)
cubic meters.
Measured at standard temperature and pressure (like Btu/scf).
..be adviced these standards vary according to *context*, and
also the authors nationality, background and experience in applying
ISO (?) units to their work. Pre-ISO metric metrics further
confuse metrics, as does academic, industry- and trade
specific ;-) metrics. The more common standard temperatures
and pressures given, approximate common combinations of
the above that we all experience from time to time, 0,
7(280K), 15, 17(290K), 20, 24, 25, and 270C( ;-D ),
and 1 at=.981bar=98.1kPa, 101.325 kPa, 1bar=102 kPa...
..in school I learned to use *all*...
..I use 288K and 101.3 kPa for my estimates, but some
chemistry labs like to measure @ 200C, which add some error...
>>g/Nm3 - Means what?

From 146942 at classic.msn.com Mon Feb 8 20:10:11 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Insulation and refraction
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902090110470824@classic.msn.com>

.....
Vern,
The duraboard is both an excellent refractor and insulator. 1/2" board
glowing white hot on one side can be held in your hand on the other. Not only
will it reflect back the temp thrown at it, but increase it if there is a
presence of 02 and combustible near it which makes for additional combustion.
The sheetmetal would be non productive. It would cancell out the properties.
The refractory should be protected as it has the consistancy of cardboard.
That is why I use the expanded metal. Use stainless expanded metal if you
want to get fancy.
I designed these boxes to be abused. But the expanded metal if it is steel is
considered sacrificial. I figure that in the real world, you repair and
replace on a regular schedule, and this is a cheap way of getting the job
done.
skip

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From bedwards at iastate.edu Tue Feb 9 00:18:50 1999
From: bedwards at iastate.edu (bedwards@iastate.edu)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
In-Reply-To: <000b01be53a2$20674a00$e0f346cf@newmicronpc>
Message-ID: <199902090520.XAA10769@isua1.iastate.edu>

Gee, this has been an amusing discussion but jeez none a yous guys completely
answered da poor guy's question. Correct me if I'm wrong but I thought that,
at least in the context of gasification, Nm3 was European usage dating back
to at least WWII that meant cubic meter of gas at "normal" pressure and
temperature (distinct from "standard" temp. and press.) as in 1 atm and 0*C.
So, g/Nm3 would be grams per cubic meter of gas at 1 atm pressure and 0*C.
temperature.
Bill
> >Help.
> >
> >g/Nm3 - Means what?
> >
> >
> >
>
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From arcate at email.msn.com Tue Feb 9 01:32:59 1999
From: arcate at email.msn.com (Jim Arcate)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: biomass charcoal
Message-ID: <000201be53f6$00adc140$0100007f@localhost>

Hello Gasification (& charcoal) Discussion Group:

See: Wood Power Plant vs. Co-firing Charcoal with Coal

http://www.techtp.com/Energies.htm

Why spend $50 million + on an inefficient wood burning power plant. Convert
wood to high yield charcoal and fire it in an existing, efficient, coal
fired power plant.

What's in it for us ?

Municipality: Build charcoal plants for say $5 million, collect disposal
fees for waste wood and sell charcoal to the utility at a profit.
Utility: Buy charcoal rather than high priced power from wood power plant.
Utility: Higher HHV, lower SO2, & renewable energy credits via charcoal
power vs.coal.
Utility Customers: Lower cost electricity vs. PURPA or "green power" from
wood burning power plant.

comments?
thank you,

Jim Arcate

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From arcate at email.msn.com Tue Feb 9 01:33:05 1999
From: arcate at email.msn.com (Jim Arcate)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:58 2004
Subject: GAS-L: biomass charcoal
Message-ID: <000301be53f6$043699e0$0100007f@localhost>

Hello Gasification (& charcoal) Discussion Group:

See: Wood Power Plant vs. Co-firing Charcoal with Coal

http://www.techtp.com/Energies.htm

Why spend $50 million + on an inefficient wood burning power plant. Convert
wood to high yield charcoal and fire it in an existing, efficient, coal
fired power plant.

What's in it for us ?

comments?
thank you,

Jim Arcate

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From parikh at me.iitb.ernet.in Tue Feb 9 03:16:57 1999
From: parikh at me.iitb.ernet.in (Prof P P Parikh)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
In-Reply-To: <000b01be53a2$20674a00$e0f346cf@newmicronpc>
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.96.990209135745.10126A-100000@agni.me.iitb.ernet.in>

It means gram per Normal cubic meter.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Prof. (Mrs.) P.P.Parikh Phone Office : 5783496, 5767548
Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 5782545 Ext. 7548 / 8385
I.I.T. Bombay Home : 5704646
Mumbai 400 076 INDIA Fax Office : 5783496, 5783480

email : parikh@me.iitb.ernet.in
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

On Mon, 8 Feb 1999, William B. Hauserman wrote:

> "grams per nanometer cubed" a very low concentration of something.
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Gene Zebley <boilrmkr@surfsouth.com>
> To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
> Date: Monday, February 08, 1999 12:53 PM
> Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
>
>
> >Help.
> >
> >g/Nm3 - Means what?
> >
> >
> >
>
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Tue Feb 9 03:37:12 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: biomass charcoal
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902090659050302@classic.msn.com>

I think if it had any practical and economical value, it would already be done
by private interest?
skip

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From Scott.Ledger at clorox.com Tue Feb 9 13:40:37 1999
From: Scott.Ledger at clorox.com (Scott Ledger)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Char inquiry
Message-ID: <0002F1C1.001417@clorox.com>

Kingsford Manufacturing is currently reviewing the biomass,
gasification, and pyrolysis markets for carbon byproducts to
potentially include in our charcoal briquettes. If you are currently
producing 1,500 ton per year or more of product with <20% ash and
>9,000 BTU/lb heat content, please contact me via Email to discuss.

Scott Ledger
KINGSFORD MANUFACTURING COMPANY
Purchasing Project Manager
scott.ledger@clorox.com
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From joe.teeter at mail.rowan.k12.nc.us Tue Feb 9 15:55:50 1999
From: joe.teeter at mail.rowan.k12.nc.us (joe teeter)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Does Skip Have a "Sunburn" ?
Message-ID: <v01510100b2e60a4ce21d@[207.53.77.44]>

Does Skip Goebel really have a "sunburn" ?

It is my understanding that infrared radiation can not cause a
"sunburn". That effect is normally produced by exposure to ultraviolet
wavelengths. I experienced this myself, when I forgot to button the top
of my shirt while using an electric arc welder.

Visible light consists of wavelengths between 750-400 nanometers.
IR waves are longer than these wavelengths and UV is shorter. We normally
associate UV production with extremely high (white hot ) temperatures, such
as those produced by a welder. However, UV production can also occur at
lower temperatures. A fluorescent lamp produces UV inside the tube at low
temperature by using electric current in Argon and Mercury gas. The white
coating inside absorbs the UV and emits the visible wavelengths.

If Skip does have a UV burn instead of just a burn produced by the
heating effect of IR exposure, his fire box may need further investigation.
If this phenomenon is related to the catalytic decomposition of woodgas,
he may have stumbled onto a low cost catalytic material that is somehow
producing UV radiation.

Joe Teeter

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From antonio.hilst at merconet.com.br Tue Feb 9 19:52:56 1999
From: antonio.hilst at merconet.com.br (Antonio G. P. Hilst)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
In-Reply-To: <199902090520.XAA10769@isua1.iastate.edu>
Message-ID: <36C0D883.9EAEC13B@merconet.com.br>

Hi, netters,

g/Nm3 means grams per normal cubic meter and Nm3 is the gas volume, in cubic
meter, at 0 Celsius and 760 mm Hg which is an atmosphere. So you're right
bedwards..

Antonio.

bedwards@iastate.edu wrote:

> Gee, this has been an amusing discussion but jeez none a yous guys completely
> answered da poor guy's question. Correct me if I'm wrong but I thought that,
> at least in the context of gasification, Nm3 was European usage dating back
> to at least WWII that meant cubic meter of gas at "normal" pressure and
> temperature (distinct from "standard" temp. and press.) as in 1 atm and 0*C.
> So, g/Nm3 would be grams per cubic meter of gas at 1 atm pressure and 0*C.
> temperature.
> Bill
> > >Help.
> > >
> > >g/Nm3 - Means what?
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> > Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> > http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

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From antonio.hilst at merconet.com.br Tue Feb 9 19:53:07 1999
From: antonio.hilst at merconet.com.br (Antonio G. P. Hilst)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Insulation and refraction
In-Reply-To: <UPMAIL01.199902090110470824@classic.msn.com>
Message-ID: <36C09D8E.B1A7E4C7@merconet.com.br>

Skip,
Your duraboard seems to be an excellent material. May you give a short
description, specs. and fabricator?

Many Thanks.

Antonio.

skip goebel wrote:

> .....
> Vern,
> The duraboard is both an excellent refractor and insulator. 1/2" board
> glowing white hot on one side can be held in your hand on the other. Not only
> will it reflect back the temp thrown at it, but increase it if there is a
> presence of 02 and combustible near it which makes for additional combustion.
> The sheetmetal would be non productive. It would cancell out the properties.
> The refractory should be protected as it has the consistancy of cardboard.
> That is why I use the expanded metal. Use stainless expanded metal if you
> want to get fancy.
> I designed these boxes to be abused. But the expanded metal if it is steel is
> considered sacrificial. I figure that in the real world, you repair and
> replace on a regular schedule, and this is a cheap way of getting the job
> done.
> skip
>
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

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From VHarris001 at aol.com Tue Feb 9 21:34:43 1999
From: VHarris001 at aol.com (VHarris001@aol.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Insulation and refraction
Message-ID: <5785942f.36c0edfe@aol.com>

Antonio, here is the website for the specifications for cerablanket, duraboard
and other insulations and refractories. They have a very informative
information package you can request from their site.

http://www.thermalceramics.com/refracto.htm#Castables

I've never even seen any of these materials but messages about them frequently
appear here on the gasification list. Tom Reed stresses the importance of
insulation and Skip Goebel is aparently a big fan of these materials!

Good luck,
Vernon Harris

In a message dated 2/9/99 8:21:53 PM Eastern Standard Time,
antonio.hilst@merconet.com.br writes:

> Skip,
> Your duraboard seems to be an excellent material. May you give a short
> description, specs. and fabricator?
>
> Many Thanks.
>
> Antonio.
>
> skip goebel wrote:
>
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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Tue Feb 9 21:56:44 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Does Skip Have a "Sunburn" ?
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902100257400196@classic.msn.com>

Does Skip Goebel really have a "sunburn" ?

It is my ......

AMEN!

skip

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Tue Feb 9 21:56:57 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Insulation and refraction
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902100257420243@classic.msn.com>

I get duraboard from Easter Refractory in Pawtucket, RI

401 722 5984

skip

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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Tue Feb 9 22:18:18 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Whoa there!
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902100318560430@classic.msn.com>

just went to the site that was mentioned in previous post....
http://www.thermalceramics.com/refracto.htm#Castables

upon reading, i find that kaowool, and most likely also, duraboard are an
alumina based refractory. this blows my ceramic crystal theory all to hell.
(high density ceramics have no gaps between the crystals to cancell rays).
now the question is: does the alumina act as a catalyst and of course it can
and what is its affect on upper spectrum rays?
skip

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From donaldp at marick.u-net.com Wed Feb 10 07:06:09 1999
From: donaldp at marick.u-net.com (donaldp@marick.u-net.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Alternative Energy
Message-ID: <3.0.5.32.19990210120200.00797cc0@mail.u-net.com>

Marick Gasification Ltd From : Dr. Donald C Patrick
3 Farndale Close Date : 09 February 1999
Whittle Hall Ref. DCP / gasification@crest.org
Great Sankey
WARRINGTON WA5 3FX E-mail: donaldp@marick.u-net.com
Cheshire Tel. 01925 - 71. 11 55
ENGLAND FAX : 01925 - 71. 11 55

BioGas Engines. Renewable Energy CHP. Biomass Gasification.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
To :. gasification@crest.org
Organisation : __

Fax Number Tel.
Number of Pages : E-mail:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Colleagues,
We specialise in the design and manufacture of woody Biomass Gasification
Plant and Equipment to produce Alternative Gas and Electricity, with
combined heating.
Our Plants and engines conform to European safety & emission requirements.

Our range of gasification plants is from 30 KwElectricity up to 350
KwElectricity and is complete with all electric's, control panels and
engine management systems.
The engines are designed and converted to operate on a single fuel.
The Air / Gas mixing and engine Injection system is of my own design.
Standard diesel engines with modifications are convert to Spark Ignition
and used to run off the produced wood gas.

Fuel.
We have gasified hard and softwood, Agricultural woods i.e. bark, twigs,
stalks etc. Furniture woods, Cardboard, Hardboard, Peanuts shells, Walnut
shells, Sugar cane trash, MDF, Fibreboard, Coconut shells, Wooden
pallets. Coppice willow. Birch/beech

Currently we are due to install a 150 Kw Electric gasification plant with
combined heat recovery in a Pallet manufacturing works.
The heat recovery is from the engine, which will be used in a
dehumidification chamber to reduce the moisture content in 1000 pallets per
loading.
We are about to Commercialise our small scale wood gasification plants.
Should U have interests in small scale gasification please e-mail your full
address tel and fax. Number.

Should U need any assistance please do not hesitate to ask.

Looking forward to hearing from you and thanking you.

Yours sincerely, Please confirm receipt of
E-mail or Fax
Dr. Donald C. Patrick Technical Director

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From antonio.hilst at merconet.com.br Wed Feb 10 18:40:00 1999
From: antonio.hilst at merconet.com.br (Antonio G. P. Hilst)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Insulation and refraction
In-Reply-To: <5785942f.36c0edfe@aol.com>
Message-ID: <36C2158E.3AD9E0F7@merconet.com.br>

Thank you both Varris and Skip.

Antonio

VHarris001@aol.com wrote:

> Antonio, here is the website for the specifications for cerablanket, duraboard
> and other insulations and refractories. They have a very informative
> information package you can request from their site.
>
> http://www.thermalceramics.com/refracto.htm#Castables
>
> I've never even seen any of these materials but messages about them frequently
> appear here on the gasification list. Tom Reed stresses the importance of
> insulation and Skip Goebel is aparently a big fan of these materials!
>
> Good luck,
> Vernon Harris
>
> In a message dated 2/9/99 8:21:53 PM Eastern Standard Time,
> antonio.hilst@merconet.com.br writes:
>
> > Skip,
> > Your duraboard seems to be an excellent material. May you give a short
> > description, specs. and fabricator?
> >
> > Many Thanks.
> >
> > Antonio.
> >
> > skip goebel wrote:
> >
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Wed Feb 10 20:14:09 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Radiation Update
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902110114540708@classic.msn.com>

I see a radiation doctor daily.
I asked him about the duraboard stuff and if the cat reaction would give off
uv and higher rays, he said no not to worry.

........still, I sleep with one eye open on this one.

Skip
Sensible Steam
www.sensiblesteam.com
www.geocities.com/researchtriangle/6362

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From dscpower at nde.vsnl.net.in Fri Feb 12 07:35:28 1999
From: dscpower at nde.vsnl.net.in (Dr GC Datta Roy)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Alternative Energy
Message-ID: <000001be5682$13053c40$07442dc3@g.c.-datta-roy>

We are in the Energy service business. Currently we are investigating into
feasibility of small combined cycle power plants, capacity ranging from
300KW to 2000KW based on gasification of Agro residues like stalks, leaves,
piths, sugar cane trash and bagasse etc. for mini paper plants based on agro
and forest residues. Would invite offers on technology and supply on
commercial basis.
-----Original Message-----
From: donaldp@marick.u-net.com <donaldp@marick.u-net.com>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: 11 February 1999 04:11
Subject: GAS-L: Alternative Energy

>Marick Gasification Ltd From : Dr. Donald C Patrick
>3 Farndale Close Date : 09 February 1999
>Whittle Hall Ref. DCP / gasification@crest.org
>Great Sankey
>WARRINGTON WA5 3FX E-mail: donaldp@marick.u-net.com
>Cheshire Tel. 01925 - 71. 11 55
>ENGLAND FAX : 01925 - 71. 11 55
>
>BioGas Engines. Renewable Energy CHP. Biomass Gasification.
>---------------------------------------------------------------------------
>To :. gasification@crest.org
>Organisation : __
>
>Fax Number Tel.
>Number of Pages : E-mail:
>---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
>Dear Colleagues,
>We specialise in the design and manufacture of woody Biomass Gasification
>Plant and Equipment to produce Alternative Gas and Electricity, with
>combined heating.
>Our Plants and engines conform to European safety & emission requirements.
>
>Our range of gasification plants is from 30 KwElectricity up to 350
>KwElectricity and is complete with all electric's, control panels and
>engine management systems.
>The engines are designed and converted to operate on a single fuel.
>The Air / Gas mixing and engine Injection system is of my own design.
>Standard diesel engines with modifications are convert to Spark Ignition
>and used to run off the produced wood gas.
>
>Fuel.
>We have gasified hard and softwood, Agricultural woods i.e. bark, twigs,
>stalks etc. Furniture woods, Cardboard, Hardboard, Peanuts shells, Walnut
>shells, Sugar cane trash, MDF, Fibreboard, Coconut shells, Wooden
>pallets. Coppice willow. Birch/beech
>
>Currently we are due to install a 150 Kw Electric gasification plant with
>combined heat recovery in a Pallet manufacturing works.
>The heat recovery is from the engine, which will be used in a
>dehumidification chamber to reduce the moisture content in 1000 pallets per
>loading.
>We are about to Commercialise our small scale wood gasification plants.
>Should U have interests in small scale gasification please e-mail your full
>address tel and fax. Number.
>
>Should U need any assistance please do not hesitate to ask.
>
>Looking forward to hearing from you and thanking you.
>
>
>
>Yours sincerely, Please confirm receipt of
> E-mail or Fax
>Dr. Donald C. Patrick Technical Director
>
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

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From rcbrown at iastate.edu Fri Feb 12 09:56:45 1999
From: rcbrown at iastate.edu (Robert C Brown)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Fluidised Bed Gasifier
In-Reply-To: <3.0.3.32.19981130074123.007dc790@pop-3.iastate.edu>
Message-ID: <3.0.3.32.19990212085646.007e7510@pop-3.iastate.edu>

Juan:

Please update me on the status of your GRE/TOEFL exams.

RCBROWN
Robert C. Brown
Iowa State University
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Department of Chemical Engineering
2020 H. M. Black Bldg.
Ames, IA 50011
Tel: 515-294-8733
Fax: 515-294-3261
E-mail: rcbrown@iastate.edu
http://www.eng.iastate.edu/coe/me/homepage.html
http://webbook2.ameslab.gov/
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From REEDTB at compuserve.com Mon Feb 15 07:20:17 1999
From: REEDTB at compuserve.com (Tom Reed)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: UCS Press release
Message-ID: <199902150721_MC2-6A84-B4C5@compuserve.com>

Gasification: THis is general information, but of general interest.

TOM REED

Message text written by INTERNET:energyintern@ucsusa.org
>

Dear Mr. Reed:

I would like to post the following press release from the Union of
Concerned
Scientists on to your gasification listserve if you think it is
appropriate.
The release discusses two new publications from UCS dealing with renewable
energy and energy policy. Please let me know if this is not the kind of
information that would interest your readers.

Thank you.

Sincerely,

Sophia M. Bickford
UCS Energy Intern
(202) 332-0900 ext. 124
(202) 332-0905 fax
Email: EnergyIntern@ucsusa.org

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
Thursday, January 21, 1999

Contact: Union of Concerned Scientists
Alan Nogee (617) 547-5552
Steve Clemmer (617) 547-5552
Paul Fain (202) 332-0900

CONSUMERS, ENVIRONMENT WIN IF CONGRESS SETS CLEAN ENERGY
STANDARDS

Reports Show Benefits of Renewables as Electricity
Deregulation Debate Nears

(The reports are available online at
http://www.ucsusa.org/energy.)

Washington, DC, January 21 The United States could
increase the share of electricity generated from renewable
sources (wind, solar, plants and geothermal) to about 10
times current levels over the next 20 years, and still see
a 13 percent decrease in electricity prices, according to a
new study by the Union of Concerned Scientists. Expanding
renewable electricity use to these levels would freeze
power plant emissions of carbon dioxide the primary cause
of global warming at about year 2000 levels, making a
major contribution to meeting the US reduction targets
under the Kyoto global warming treaty.

With the nation moving to rewrite rules for the way
electricity is produced and sold, Congress introduced six
electricity deregulation bills in 1998 that would ensure
continued growth of renewable electricity generation. The
UCS report, "A Powerful Opportunity: Making Renewable
Electricity the Standard," is the most comprehensive
examination of the costs and benefits of these federal
proposals to date. The report highlights a comparison
between a strong proposal by Senator James Jeffords (R-
Vt.), which would increase renewables to 20 percent of
electricity generation by 2020, and a weaker proposal by
the Clinton Administration, which would result in a share
of 5.5 percent by 2010.

"Congress has a powerful opportunity to clean up America's
electricity by making renewable energy the standard," said
Steve Clemmer, Senior Energy Analyst at UCS and lead author
of the report. "Our report shows that even the strongest
proposals in Congress are very affordable and will make
major strides in improving the environment."

In the next 20 years electricity costs are expected to fall
as expensive existing power plants are replaced with
cheaper and more efficient ones. UCS found that under every
federal proposal to increase renewables, electricity bills
would still be lower than today's bills. The proposals
would dedicate a fraction of those savings to develop clean
new technologies, while reducing air pollution and the
threat of global warming. For example, under the Jeffords
proposal, a typical household's average monthly electricity
bill would decline from $40 today to $35.47 in 2020. That's
only $1.33 less in monthly savings than if we continue our
current over-reliance on dirty power plants.

"Federal proposals to deregulate the electricity industry
would repeal current laws that support renewable energy,"
said Alan Nogee, UCS Energy Program Director. "Yet, poll
after poll has shown that Americans want more renewable
energy. It is critical that a deregulated electricity
market allow a new generation of clean energy technologies
to compete."

A companion report also released today, "Powerful
Solutions: 7 Ways to Switch America to Renewable
Electricity" shows that eight states have already adopted
minimum renewable energy requirements. Seven states have
also adopted new renewable energy funds, totaling about $1
billion over the next 10 years. Based on California's
experience, these funds will likely leverage an additional
$2 billion in private investment. Together, these state
initiatives will likely provide enough renewable
electricity over the next 10 years to power 4 million
homes.

"States as diverse as Connecticut, Iowa, Arizona, and
California have demonstrated national leadership in
developing new renewable technologies that can clean up the
environment, create jobs, and increase our fuel diversity
and energy independence," said Nogee.

Many studies have shown that renewables would create more
jobs and income than investments in coal and natural gas
power plants. For example, a Wisconsin report found that if
new renewables provided six percent of the state's
electricity, 3,300 new jobs would be created, producing an
increase of $81 million in disposable income and $165
million in gross state product.

The reports are available online at
http://www.ucsusa.org/energy. Printed
copies may be ordered for $10 each by writing
ucs@ucsusa.org or
UCS, Two Brattle Square, Cambridge, MA 02238, or
617-864-9405 (fax).

From tmiles at teleport.com Mon Feb 15 18:57:12 1999
From: tmiles at teleport.com (Tom Miles)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Rice Hulls to 600 kWe
Message-ID: <199902152357.SAA13103@solstice.crest.org>

This challenge would seem to be appropriate to the gasification group:

There are 700 lbs/hr of rice hulls available at a mill in Central America.
Some hulls are currently used in a small package boiler for drying. The
mill wants to be able to generate 600 kWe from the hulls.

What systems are in operation generating approximately 500 kWe from rice
hulls?

What commercial gasification/combustion systems are available? There are
companies with systems in operation and companies with systems with the
potential to do the job. PrimEnergy and Thermogenics are examples.

How large is the Chinese rice hull gasifier in Mali? I don't remember
whether it was generating electricity or just gas for steam.

Regards,

Tom

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thomas R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
Technical Consultants, Inc. Tel (503) 292-0107/646-1198
1470 SW Woodward Way Fax (503) 605-0208
Portland, Oregon, USA 97225

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From boiler at execulink.com Mon Feb 15 19:11:09 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Rice Hulls to 600 kWe
Message-ID: <000601be5941$30fbb0a0$2702efd1@rickbell>

Hello Tom:

Thank You Very Much, I 've just went over all the material from
primenery.com and was delighted with the material. Thanks Again, I will
stay in touch.

Best Regards

Ricky B
-----Original Message-----
From: Tom Miles <tmiles@teleport.com>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Monday, February 15, 1999 7:00 PM
Subject: GAS-L: Rice Hulls to 600 kWe

>This challenge would seem to be appropriate to the gasification group:
>
>There are 700 lbs/hr of rice hulls available at a mill in Central America.
>Some hulls are currently used in a small package boiler for drying. The
>mill wants to be able to generate 600 kWe from the hulls.
>
>What systems are in operation generating approximately 500 kWe from rice
>hulls?
>
>What commercial gasification/combustion systems are available? There are
>companies with systems in operation and companies with systems with the
>potential to do the job. PrimEnergy and Thermogenics are examples.
>
>How large is the Chinese rice hull gasifier in Mali? I don't remember
>whether it was generating electricity or just gas for steam.
>
>Regards,
>
>Tom
>
>
>---------------------------------------------------------------------------
---
>Thomas R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
>Technical Consultants, Inc. Tel (503) 292-0107/646-1198
>1470 SW Woodward Way Fax (503) 605-0208
>Portland, Oregon, USA 97225
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

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From boiler at execulink.com Mon Feb 15 20:45:14 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: from a novice
Message-ID: <000701be594e$55f085e0$c105efd1@rickbell>

What's the difference between rice hulls and
rice husks as far as the combustion process is concerned.

Regards,

Ricky B

From ctswte at hotmail.com Mon Feb 15 21:41:29 1999
From: ctswte at hotmail.com (CTS Hurstville)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Aussie gasifiers
Message-ID: <19990216024246.2435.qmail@hotmail.com>

G'Day list members,

I am an Australian university student and have been a suscriber to the
list while I have been working on a waste-to-energy (chiefly thermal)
research project for an Australian-based waste managment company. I am
interested in all gasification and pyrolysis systems operating in
Australia and would like to hear from any list members that know of or
may be directly involved with these projects (eg. Ricegrowers, Sugar
Research Insitute, BEST...)

Best regards,

Jan.

______________________________________________________
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From campa at hrl.com.au Mon Feb 15 22:23:33 1999
From: campa at hrl.com.au (Campisi, Tony)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Aussie gasifiers
Message-ID: <B2C7BE7F1AC2D211A84500A0C955FAD4B92F@mail_mulgrave>

Jan,

HRL Technology (Victoria, Australia) operates both laboratory and
pilot-scale gasification (and combustion units).

The gasification facilities include

(1) a pressurised thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) for evaluation of
pyrolysis, gasification and combustion behaviour of fuels (gram scale)

(2) a fluidised-bed gasification unit capable of operating to 10-bar
pressure with a fuel throughput of up to 300 kg/hr. This unit includes
lock-hoppers for fuel feeding, candle filters for gas cleaning and
combustion system for evaluating fuel gas combustion performance

(3) a 10MWe-scale fluidised-bed gasification unit that operates at 25-bar
pressure, a wet (>50% moisture) fuel throughput of upto 10tonnes/hour. This
unit also includes a 5MW gas turbine and subsystems for gas-cleanup, H2S and
NH3 removal.

HRL also has facilities for briquetting and carbonisation.

Please contact me direct for additional information.

Tony

---------------------------------------------------------
Dr Anthony Campisi
Senior Research Scientist
Combustion, Gasification, Ash Fouling, Process Chemistry
HRL Technology Pty Ltd
677 Springvale Road, Mulgrave, Victoria, Australia 3170
Telephone: +61 3 9565 9760
Facsimile: +61 3 9565 9777
e-mail: campa@hrl.com.au
WWW: http://www.hrl.com.au
---------------------------------------------------------

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From 146942 at classic.msn.com Mon Feb 15 23:34:07 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Rice Hulls to 600 kWe
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902160435100275@classic.msn.com>

I think this challenge would merit this:

700 lbs/hr is around 2,800,000 btu's of USEABLE heat.
Use a Skinner Unaflow steam engine that nets about 1kw/20kbtu's of steam so
500kw = 10,000,000 btu's of steam and figure 50% efficiency off the boiler so
you need 20,000,000btu's of fuel power.
...looks like you need more rice!

On the other hand, using the above and utilizing the stack waste for drying
(saves $$), and using the exhaust steam for turning the rice into value added
products, you start to make this somewhat cost effective.
The only thing is that on the generating end, unless you have a NASA budget
(and mentality), and with 2.8 megs of btu, you should get around 140 kwe's to
sell to the local natives or power the factory. In this size, a Clayton steam
generator would be a perfect match for this system and the whole thing (less
material handling) should fit on a 2 axle, 5 ton trailer.
Well, that is my two cents worth.
Skip
Sensible Steam
www.sensiblesteam.com

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From parikh at me.iitb.ernet.in Tue Feb 16 02:27:43 1999
From: parikh at me.iitb.ernet.in (Prof P P Parikh)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Rice Hulls to 600 kWe
In-Reply-To: <199902152357.SAA13103@solstice.crest.org>
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.96.990216130403.25865B-100000@agni.me.iitb.ernet.in>

Dear Dr Miles,

Ankur Scientific of Baroda India and Vikalp of Raipur India have
100kWe(~350kWth)rice husk gasifiers which they have been marketing for
some time. I have personally visited some installtions which have been
found to be working well. I can provide the complete address and phone
/fax# etc details if interest persists.
Thanks, rgds

P.P.Parikh

On Mon, 15 Feb 1999, Tom Miles wrote:

> This challenge would seem to be appropriate to the gasification group:
>
> There are 700 lbs/hr of rice hulls available at a mill in Central America.
> Some hulls are currently used in a small package boiler for drying. The
> mill wants to be able to generate 600 kWe from the hulls.
>
> What systems are in operation generating approximately 500 kWe from rice
> hulls?
>
> What commercial gasification/combustion systems are available? There are
> companies with systems in operation and companies with systems with the
> potential to do the job. PrimEnergy and Thermogenics are examples.
>
> How large is the Chinese rice hull gasifier in Mali? I don't remember
> whether it was generating electricity or just gas for steam.
>
> Regards,
>
> Tom
>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Thomas R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
> Technical Consultants, Inc. Tel (503) 292-0107/646-1198
> 1470 SW Woodward Way Fax (503) 605-0208
> Portland, Oregon, USA 97225
>
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From REEDTB at compuserve.com Tue Feb 16 06:24:08 1999
From: REEDTB at compuserve.com (Tom Reed)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Metric measurements
Message-ID: <199902160625_MC2-6A98-D316@compuserve.com>

Dear Gene Zebley et al:

>
Help.
g/Nm3 - Means what?
<
Means grams/normal cubic meter. (Since 1 Nm3 of producer gas weighs 1 kg,
it also means 1000 ppm.)

TOM

From kcact at wollongong.starway.net.au Tue Feb 16 06:38:28 1999
From: kcact at wollongong.starway.net.au (Kerrie Christian)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Aussie gasifiers
In-Reply-To: <19990216024246.2435.qmail@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <36C95A87.34A6F241@wollongong.starway.net.au>

Contact could be made with Carl Wulff, Assistant General Manager
Wollongong City Council - ph 61 2 42277111 for details of proposals to
gasify municipal green waste and municipal waste in conjunction with EDL

Councillor Kerrie Christian
Wollongong City Council Australia

CTS Hurstville wrote:

> G'Day list members,
>
> I am an Australian university student and have been a suscriber to the
> list while I have been working on a waste-to-energy (chiefly thermal)
> research project for an Australian-based waste managment company. I am
> interested in all gasification and pyrolysis systems operating in
> Australia and would like to hear from any list members that know of or
> may be directly involved with these projects (eg. Ricegrowers, Sugar
> Research Insitute, BEST...)
>
> Best regards,
>
> Jan.
>
> ______________________________________________________
> Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From rbaileys at prmenergy.com Tue Feb 16 10:16:30 1999
From: rbaileys at prmenergy.com (Ronald W. Bailey, Sr.)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: RICE HULLS VS RICE HUSKS
In-Reply-To: <000701be594e$55f085e0$c105efd1@rickbell>
Message-ID: <199902161516.KAA21968@solstice.crest.org>

Rick:

Rice Hulls and Rice Husks are the same, just different terminology in
different parts of the world. You have looked at PRiMEnergy's web
site. For additional information on the PRME biomass gasification
technology, please visit http://www.prmenergy.com .
We have a PRME 30 ton/day system operating on rice husks in a rice mill
in Costa Rica producing heat, steam and electricity for rice drying,
parboiling and milling. PRME offers a complete line of biomass
gasification to energy systems, including Biomass Fired Engine
Generators (BFEG) and Biomass Fired Turbine Generators (BFTG) from 800kW
to 35.0MW.
Regards,
Ron Bailey

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From rbaileys at prmenergy.com Tue Feb 16 10:16:33 1999
From: rbaileys at prmenergy.com (Ronald W. Bailey, Sr.)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Aussie gasifiers
In-Reply-To: <19990216024246.2435.qmail@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <199902161516.KAA21974@solstice.crest.org>

<36C95A87.34A6F241@wollongong.starway.net.au>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Sender: owner-gasification@crest.org
Precedence: bulk
Reply-To: gasification

Dear Councilor Kerrie Christian:

PRM Energy Systems has an 80 ton/day gasification system operating at
Ricegrowers Mills, Ltd, Griffith, Australia since 1985. We offer turnkey
MSW to Energy systems ranging from 200 tons/day to 1,000 tons/day
utilizing the PRME gasification technology. Please visit the following
web sites for information:

http://www.prmenergy.com

http://www.primenergy.com
Regards,
Ron Bailey

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From tmiles at teleport.com Tue Feb 16 10:16:34 1999
From: tmiles at teleport.com (Tom Miles)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Rice Hulls to 600 kWe
In-Reply-To: <199902152357.SAA13103@solstice.crest.org>
Message-ID: <199902161518.HAA28207@mail.easystreet.com>

Professor Parikh,

Thank you for your contribution. I know that you have worked with gasifiers
of this scale for many years. If I remember correctly you were testing
commercial gasifiers and developing some standards for testing the
performance of small scale gasifiers (about 1988?).

I think many on the list would be interested in contact information for the
two companies that you have listed.

Regards,

Tom

At 01:09 PM 2/16/99 +0530, you wrote:
>Ankur Scientific of Baroda India and Vikalp of Raipur India have
>100kWe(~350kWth)rice husk gasifiers which they have been marketing for
>some time. I have personally visited some installtions which have been
>found to be working well. I can provide the complete address and phone
>/fax# etc details if interest persists.
>Thanks, rgds
>
>P.P.Parikh
>
>
>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~
>Prof. (Mrs.) P.P.Parikh Phone Office : 5783496, 5767548
>Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 5782545 Ext. 7548 / 8385
>I.I.T. Bombay Home : 5704646
>Mumbai 400 076 INDIA Fax Office : 5783496, 5783480
>
> email : parikh@me.iitb.ernet.in
>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>
>On Mon, 15 Feb 1999, Tom Miles wrote:
>
>> This challenge would seem to be appropriate to the gasification group:
>>
>> There are 700 lbs/hr of rice hulls available at a mill in Central America.
>> Some hulls are currently used in a small package boiler for drying. The
>> mill wants to be able to generate 600 kWe from the hulls.
>>
>> What systems are in operation generating approximately 500 kWe from rice
>> hulls?
>>
>> What commercial gasification/combustion systems are available? There are
>> companies with systems in operation and companies with systems with the
>> potential to do the job. PrimEnergy and Thermogenics are examples.
>>
>> How large is the Chinese rice hull gasifier in Mali? I don't remember
>> whether it was generating electricity or just gas for steam.
>>
>> Regards,
>>
>> Tom
>>
>>
>>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>> Thomas R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
>> Technical Consultants, Inc. Tel (503) 292-0107/646-1198
>> 1470 SW Woodward Way Fax (503) 605-0208
>> Portland, Oregon, USA 97225
>>
>> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>>
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>
T.R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
1470 SW Woodward Way http://www.teleport.com/~tmiles
Portland, OR 97225
Tel 503-292-0107 Fax 503-605-0208
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From boiler at execulink.com Tue Feb 16 18:18:09 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: QUOTE FOR PROJECT 125KW& 500 KW
Message-ID: <001301be5a02$f300c160$8d04efd1@rickbell>

HELLO GENTLEMEN:

I WOULD LIKE TO THANK EVERYONE OUT THERE FOR THEIR INPUTES AND
COMMENTS. NEXT I WOULD LIKE TO GET SOME IDEA WHAT ALL THIS IS GOING TO
COST IN AMERICAN DOLLARS.

FIRSTLY MY CLIENT ALREADY HAS A VERY SUCCESSFUL RICE PRODUCING BUSINESS AND
WILL BE IN ONTARIO AROUND THE LONDON AREA IN 3 WEEKS ( DEADLINE FOR QUOTES 2
WEEKS )

THE QUOTE:

1. CLIENT WANTS TO USE THE SAME TYPE OF BREAKERS & ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
AS THEY NOW HAVE ( DENLAB INTERNATIONAL U.K. ( PHONE 44-1621-858944 FAX
857733.
CONTACT ENGINEER ANDREW SPRINGETT, PROJECT # CCPr6/3360.
2. THE EXISTING BURNER DESIGN TO BE USED ON NEW BOILER IF POSSIBLE. JOHN
GORDON RE DENLAB
3.TO INCLUDE A 125KW AND A 500KW GENERATOR THE SMALLER TO SUPPLY
AUXILIARIES AND 500 TO GRID. ALSO A BOILER AND TURBINE (COPPUS )
4. PLEASE SUPPLY 3 COPIES AND FED-0X TO RICK BELL, 150 GIDLEY STREET WEST,
EXETER, ONTARIO. NOM 1S2, CANADA.
5.THEY'RE NOW BURNING 150# OF RICE HULLS PER HOUR, CAN SUPPLY 700POUNDS AN
HOUR. BTU'S FOR RICE HULLS IS 6000BTU'S/LB WET AND 6800 BTU'S PER POUND
DRY.
6. IF A SECOND FUEL IS REQUIRED TO MEET SPECS PLEASE USE KEROSINE (
NO TAXES ON THIS FUEL)
7. AN EXISTING OPERATING UNIT WOULD BE HELPFUL.
8.I HAVE PICTURES OF THE EXISTING UNIT IF REQUIRED.

REGARDS

RICKY B

From parikh at me.iitb.ernet.in Wed Feb 17 04:36:44 1999
From: parikh at me.iitb.ernet.in (Prof P P Parikh)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Rice Hulls to 600 kWe
In-Reply-To: <199902161518.HAA28207@mail.easystreet.com>
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.96.990217145602.21725A-100000@agni.me.iitb.ernet.in>

Dear Dr Miles,
Testing and development of Test Procedures and Methodology is an on-going
activity at IIT Bombay. With newer applications and variety of biomass
materials continuous input is required in this area. The testing
activity has now shifted from Lab. to field to a significant extent.
Fiels testing has its own specific problems and the procedure and
methodology is required to be adjusted to take care of these. testing of
Combustion devices and Spark-ignition Producer=gas engines is another area
which has taken so much of attention. Emissions and lub-oil problems of
engines are also being looked into. Our work encompasses study of
intricate problems like injection pattern and spray quality at low
injection rates typical in duel-fuel engines. Dr Reed's visits to this
center have provided lot of inspiration to this group here. I would be
happy to share my experiences with the gasification community.
Given below are the addresses of M/s Ankur and M/s Vikalp.

Ankur Scientific Energy Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
'ANKUR'
Near Old Sama Jakat Naka
Baroda 390008
India
Ph. 91-265-793098/794021
Fax 91-22-794042
email: ankur.energy@smn.sprintrpg.ems.vsnl.net.in
Contact Person: Dr. B. C. Jain

"Vikalp"
Cosmo Products
Devpuri, Dhamtari Rd.
Raipur - 492015
MP, India

Ph: 91 771 26709/422323
Fax: 91 771 412927
Contact Person
Mr. Ravikumar B. V.

Mrs Parikh

On Tue, 16 Feb 1999, Tom Miles wrote:

> Professor Parikh,
>
> Thank you for your contribution. I know that you have worked with gasifiers
> of this scale for many years. If I remember correctly you were testing
> commercial gasifiers and developing some standards for testing the
> performance of small scale gasifiers (about 1988?).
>
> I think many on the list would be interested in contact information for the
> two companies that you have listed.
>
> Regards,
>
> Tom
>
> At 01:09 PM 2/16/99 +0530, you wrote:
> >Ankur Scientific of Baroda India and Vikalp of Raipur India have
> >100kWe(~350kWth)rice husk gasifiers which they have been marketing for
> >some time. I have personally visited some installtions which have been
> >found to be working well. I can provide the complete address and phone
> >/fax# etc details if interest persists.
> >Thanks, rgds
> >
> >P.P.Parikh
> >
> >
> >~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> ~~~~
> >Prof. (Mrs.) P.P.Parikh Phone Office : 5783496, 5767548
> >Dept. of Mechanical Engg. 5782545 Ext. 7548 / 8385
> >I.I.T. Bombay Home : 5704646
> >Mumbai 400 076 INDIA Fax Office : 5783496, 5783480
> >
> > email : parikh@me.iitb.ernet.in
> >~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> >
> >On Mon, 15 Feb 1999, Tom Miles wrote:
> >
> >> This challenge would seem to be appropriate to the gasification group:
> >>
> >> There are 700 lbs/hr of rice hulls available at a mill in Central America.
> >> Some hulls are currently used in a small package boiler for drying. The
> >> mill wants to be able to generate 600 kWe from the hulls.
> >>
> >> What systems are in operation generating approximately 500 kWe from rice
> >> hulls?
> >>
> >> What commercial gasification/combustion systems are available? There are
> >> companies with systems in operation and companies with systems with the
> >> potential to do the job. PrimEnergy and Thermogenics are examples.
> >>
> >> How large is the Chinese rice hull gasifier in Mali? I don't remember
> >> whether it was generating electricity or just gas for steam.
> >>
> >> Regards,
> >>
> >> Tom
> >>
> >>
> >>
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> >> Thomas R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
> >> Technical Consultants, Inc. Tel (503) 292-0107/646-1198
> >> 1470 SW Woodward Way Fax (503) 605-0208
> >> Portland, Oregon, USA 97225
> >>
> >> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> >> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
> >>
> >
> >Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> >http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
> >
> T.R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
> 1470 SW Woodward Way http://www.teleport.com/~tmiles
> Portland, OR 97225
> Tel 503-292-0107 Fax 503-605-0208
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

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From ianhodg at powerup.com.au Thu Feb 18 06:46:49 1999
From: ianhodg at powerup.com.au (Ian Hodgkinson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Cyprus Wood Chip Systems For Australia
Message-ID: <199902181146.GAA21012@solstice.crest.org>

Hello Donald

Further to your email below, we are interested in equipment for the
following duty

Cyprus wood chips and sawdust

6700 tonnes and 7800 cubic metres/year

Could you advise the following?

Type of plant?
Cost of plant?
Size of plant?
Ash production of plant?
Ash properties/uses?
Electrical production you would expect from this application?
Installation and service of plant? Do you have Australian agents?

I have been advised that the calorific value of green cyprus here is
approximately 16.5 kJ/g.

I look forward to discussing this application with you in more detail.

Best wishes

Ian Hodgkinson BE Mech
Chartered Engineer

----------
> From: donaldp@marick.u-net.com
> To: gasification@crest.org
> Subject: GAS-L: Alternative Energy
> Date: Wed, 10 Feb 1999 12:02:00 +0000
>
> Marick Gasification Ltd From : Dr. Donald C Patrick
> 3 Farndale Close Date : 09 February 1999
> Whittle Hall Ref. DCP /
gasification@crest.org
> Great Sankey
> WARRINGTON WA5 3FX E-mail: donaldp@marick.u-net.com
> Cheshire Tel. 01925 - 71. 11 55
> ENGLAND FAX : 01925 - 71. 11 55
>
> BioGas Engines. Renewable Energy CHP. Biomass Gasification.
>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
> To :. gasification@crest.org
> Organisation : __
>
> Fax Number Tel.
> Number of Pages : E-mail:
>
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Dear Colleagues,
> We specialise in the design and manufacture of woody Biomass Gasification
> Plant and Equipment to produce Alternative Gas and Electricity, with
> combined heating.
> Our Plants and engines conform to European safety & emission requirements.
>
> Our range of gasification plants is from 30 KwElectricity up to 350
> KwElectricity and is complete with all electric's, control panels and
> engine management systems.
> The engines are designed and converted to operate on a single fuel.
> The Air / Gas mixing and engine Injection system is of my own design.
> Standard diesel engines with modifications are convert to Spark Ignition
> and used to run off the produced wood gas.
>
> Fuel.
> We have gasified hard and softwood, Agricultural woods i.e. bark, twigs,
> stalks etc. Furniture woods, Cardboard, Hardboard, Peanuts shells, Walnut
> shells, Sugar cane trash, MDF, Fibreboard, Coconut shells, Wooden
> pallets. Coppice willow. Birch/beech
>
> Currently we are due to install a 150 Kw Electric gasification plant with
> combined heat recovery in a Pallet manufacturing works.
> The heat recovery is from the engine, which will be used in a
> dehumidification chamber to reduce the moisture content in 1000 pallets
per
> loading.
> We are about to Commercialise our small scale wood gasification plants.
> Should U have interests in small scale gasification please e-mail your
full
> address tel and fax. Number.
>
> Should U need any assistance please do not hesitate to ask.
>
> Looking forward to hearing from you and thanking you.
>
>
>
> Yours sincerely, Please confirm receipt of
> E-mail or Fax
> Dr. Donald C. Patrick Technical Director
>
>
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>

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From Zopher010 at aol.com Fri Feb 19 11:22:49 1999
From: Zopher010 at aol.com (Zopher010@aol.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: gassifier Killer App.
Message-ID: <2590e501.36ccc2e4@aol.com>

Sir, Regarding your gassifier technology I have a suggestion for you. I live
in Briish Columbia Canada and as a logging based community we see no end to
the Hog Fuel ( wood waste ) built up in our dry land sorts. There is only one
way to remove them and it is smokey.
We also had, at one time, a plant that produced bleach from salt with an
electrolosis process involving mercury. With old tech. there were alot of
leaks.
The owners of the property must clean or remove the soil. I was wondering
about your gassifier for purging the soil and retorting the mercury from it
and replacing the soil rather than paying for removal and giving the U.S. the
problem in Washington state.
Just wondering about the possibilities,

Scott Bodger53@yahoo.com

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From tmiles at teleport.com Sat Feb 20 15:18:30 1999
From: tmiles at teleport.com (Tom Miles)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Bioenergy Email Lists, Sponsors and Commands
Message-ID: <199902202018.PAA06472@solstice.crest.org>

BIOENERGY EMAIL LISTS

The bioenergy mailing lists are hosted by the Center for Renewable Energy &
Sustainable Technologies(CREST) for industry, academia and government to
discuss biomass production and conversion to energy. There are five lists
at CREST.

o Bioenergy bioenergy@crest.org
Moderator: Tom Miles tmiles@teleport.com
Archive: http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/bioenergy-list-archive/
Digest: bioenergy-digest@crest.org

o Gasification gasification@crest.org
Moderators: Thomas Reed REEDTB@compuserve.com
Estoban Chornet Chornete@tcplink.nrel.gov
Archive: http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
Digest: gasification-digest@crest.org

o Anaerobic Digestion digestion@crest.org
Moderators: Phil Lusk plusk@usa.pipeline.com
Pat Wheeler patrick.wheeler@aeat.co.uk
Richard Nelson rnelson@oz.oznet.ksu.edu
Archive: <http://www.crest.org/renewables/digestion-list-archive>
Digest: digestion-digest@crest.org

o Stoves stoves@crest.org
Moderators: Ronal Larson larcon@csn.net
Alex English <english@adan.kingston.net
Archive: http://www.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
Digest: stoves-digest@crest.org

o Bioconversion bioconversion@crest.org
Moderators: Tom Jeffries twjeffri@facstaff.wisc.edu
Archive:http://www.crest.org/renewables/bioconversion-list-archive/
Digest: bioconversion-digest@crest.org

Current subscribers to the lists are engaged in the research and commercial
production of biomass crops and fuels, the conversion of biomass power in
commercial operating plants, the construction and testing of commercial
scale pilot facilities for combustion, gasification and anaerobic
digestion, testing and analysis of environmental impacts for bioenergy, and
promotion and planning of future bioenergy resources.

MODERATORS

This is a cooperative, volunteer effort that is now in it's fifth year. The
lists are moderated and managed by volunteers. If you want to help moderate
a list pease contact individual ist moderators or Tom miles, Bioenergy List
Administrator at <tmiles@teleport.com>.

SPONSORS

We appreciate the support of the Center for Renewable Energy and
Sustainable Technologies (CREST) and the National Bioenergy Industries
Association for hosting the lists at their site. While there is no fee to
subscribe to the lists contributions are welcome
($100 minimum please) and will be necessary to sustain the lists.
Annual sponsors are listed on the messages and list archives. Onthly
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To sponsor a list, please fill out the online form at:
http://crest.org/services/biolist-spons.shtml
Or, contact CREST zach@crest.org.

COMMANDS
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send email to MAJORDOMO@CREST.ORG with the message
SUBSCRIBE list-name YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS <=three word command
(Example: subscribe bioenergy tmiles@teleport.com)

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(Example: unsubscribe bioenergy tmiles@teleport.com)

Note: If you send a subscribe/unsubscribe command for an email address that
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go to the list moderator for approval.

OTHER COMMANDS - Send email to MAJORDOMO@crest.org with the command 'help'.

MESSAGE ARCHIVE

Messages are archived at CREST using hypermail. The archives can be viewed
and sorted by date, subject or thread using a WWW browser at URL
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/bioenergy-list-archive/index.html (or
as indicated above).

MESSAGE DIGEST

Each list also has a digest, a collection of messages that is issued
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LISTS ADMINISTRATORS

Please direct questions to the bioenergy list administrators:
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Energy and Sustainable Technology (CREST) 1 (510) 588-5604

From ttlim at one.net.au Sun Feb 21 01:07:30 1999
From: ttlim at one.net.au (ttlim@one.net.au)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Bioenergy Email Lists, Sponsors and Commands
In-Reply-To: <199902202018.PAA06472@solstice.crest.org>
Message-ID: <3.0.6.32.19970221170645.00807ea0@one.net.au>

Message to all wargamers:

As some of you undoubtedly know by now, I run a Wargames Army Painting
service. Do you need a miniature army painted to a high standard, for a low
price, at an insanely fast speed? Plus, supporting an Australian painting
service rather than, say, Nottingham?

Call me on 9630 2186 or just email me at ttlim@one.net.au.

JONATHAN LIM

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From onar at con2.com Sun Feb 21 16:42:22 1999
From: onar at con2.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Onar_=C5m?=)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: gassifier Killer App.
Message-ID: <199902212151.QAA22551@admin.con2.com>

> The owners of the property must clean or remove the soil. I was wondering
> about your gassifier for purging the soil and retorting the mercury from
it
> and replacing the soil rather than paying for removal and giving the U.S.
the
> problem in Washington state.
> Just wondering about the possibilities,

Scott,

gasification of wood is usually a very clean process. The ash from a
combustion and gasification process contains only the minerals that the
trees themselves contain so it is safe to use as a fertilizer additive,
which has been done for ages by farmers all over the world. Smoke is not a
problem. If combustion or gasification plants are emitting soot and
volatiles today then it is because they haven't kept up with the pace of
development and are using technology from the dark ages. Exhaust cleanup is
cheap and very effective.

Onar.

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From boiler at execulink.com Mon Feb 22 19:16:02 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Question on diesel engines.
Message-ID: <000b01be5ec2$105317e0$4105efd1@rickbell>

Can kerosine be substituted for diesel fuel for
a diesel engine. If so what mixture. If no why not.

Thanks for the help

Ricky B

From ionova at sierratel.com Tue Feb 23 01:26:22 1999
From: ionova at sierratel.com (jack Payne)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: kerosene as diesel fuel
Message-ID: <199902230626.BAA00126@solstice.crest.org>

Rick - your question is way too big for a simple answer. I have
operated diesel engines that produced 3,000 hp per cylinder that ran on
heavy bunker oil - usually ignition is assisted by a precombustion
chamber using a tiny amount of diesel oil. Any fluid oil can be used as
long as the Cetane rating is enough to assure ignition from the
cylinders compression temperature. One could change the Cetane rating of
the kerosene by additives and make it work nicely. The faster the
engine's RPM the more critical the ignition characteristics of the fuel.
If the engine uses a precombustion chamber you would have more latitude
but still not much.

Regards, Jack

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From seb at lps.umd.edu Tue Feb 23 10:01:22 1999
From: seb at lps.umd.edu (Steven E. Baker)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Question on diesel engines.
In-Reply-To: <000b01be5ec2$105317e0$4105efd1@rickbell>
Message-ID: <199902231503.KAA01426@renaissance.umd.edu>

From: "Rick Bell" <boiler@execulink.com>
To: <gasification@crest.org>
Subject: GAS-L: Question on diesel engines.
Date sent: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 19:18:38 -0500
Send reply to: gasification@crest.org

Diesel designed his engine to be a multi fuel engine. I have heard if unmodified
engines running on 70% used fryer oil and 30% kerosene. Carbon deposits are a
problem. Elsbett, (http://www.elsbett.com/) another German, has modified the Diesel
motor to run clean and efficiently on vegetable oil and biodiesel. The engine is so
thermally efficient that it is oil cooled, no water cooling necessary!

Http://www.veggievan.org/biodiesel.html has a lot of homegrown type of
information.

Http://www.nopec.com/ is a production facility in florida that makes Biodiesel fuel
and centane additives from soybean. (closed carbon cycle).

http://www.biodiesel.org/overview.html is an American national information
clearinghouse for alternative Diesel fuels.

Diesel engines are not dirty. No. 2 Diesel fuel is.
Steve Baker
Laboratory for Physical Sciences
301-935-6435
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From REEDTB at compuserve.com Tue Feb 23 10:22:35 1999
From: REEDTB at compuserve.com (Tom Reed)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
Message-ID: <199902231023_MC2-6B83-716F@compuserve.com>

Dear ELK and Jim:

Briquetting the sawdust makes a cleanburning fuel with 3 times the energy
of the original sawdust. Unfortunately it requires capitalization of
several hundred thousand $. Such plants are BEGINNING to appear in the
U.S., Canada and Europe. I can buy 1/4" sawdust pellets in many of my
hardware stores for $2.50 - $3 for a 40 lb plastic bag - and I do for my
gasifier experiments. We can buy 3/8"peanut hull pellets from Birdsong
Peanuts in Georgia for $40/ton. Great fuels.

We have occasionally used a "STONE GRATE". Put appropriate size stones on
top of your metal grate that will pass the necessary air. Limestone breaks
down, but maintains size.

Alternatively, a higher heat loss at the grate would help. Try a pool of
water underneath.

I'd love to see your operation. How do I get myself there?

Your pal,
TOM REED

From boiler at execulink.com Tue Feb 23 10:40:33 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Question on diesel engines.
Message-ID: <001e01be5f43$411e39a0$8f03efd1@rickbell>

Hello Steve:

This project is looking good, Thanks for the info.

Regards,

Ricky B
-----Original Message-----
From: Steven E. Baker <seb@lps.umd.edu>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Tuesday, February 23, 1999 10:05 AM
Subject: Re: GAS-L: Question on diesel engines.

>From: "Rick Bell" <boiler@execulink.com>
>To: <gasification@crest.org>
>Subject: GAS-L: Question on diesel engines.
>Date sent: Mon, 22 Feb 1999 19:18:38 -0500
>Send reply to: gasification@crest.org
>
>Diesel designed his engine to be a multi fuel engine. I have heard if
unmodified
>engines running on 70% used fryer oil and 30% kerosene. Carbon deposits
are a
>problem. Elsbett, (http://www.elsbett.com/) another German, has modified
the Diesel
>motor to run clean and efficiently on vegetable oil and biodiesel. The
engine is so
>thermally efficient that it is oil cooled, no water cooling necessary!
>
>Http://www.veggievan.org/biodiesel.html has a lot of homegrown type of
>information.
>
>Http://www.nopec.com/ is a production facility in florida that makes
Biodiesel fuel
>and centane additives from soybean. (closed carbon cycle).
>
>http://www.biodiesel.org/overview.html is an American national information
>clearinghouse for alternative Diesel fuels.
>
>Diesel engines are not dirty. No. 2 Diesel fuel is.
>Steve Baker
>Laboratory for Physical Sciences
>301-935-6435
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From 146942 at classic.msn.com Tue Feb 23 10:52:10 1999
From: 146942 at classic.msn.com (skip goebel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
Message-ID: <UPMAIL01.199902231553180582@classic.msn.com>

Tom,
You use limestone?
Does that affect the C02 content/radiance/reactant energy(delta factor) of
your ability to distill the fuel?
skip

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From seb at lps.umd.edu Tue Feb 23 16:41:03 1999
From: seb at lps.umd.edu (Steven E. Baker)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Message-ID: <199902232142.QAA02709@renaissance.umd.edu>

Warning- I recieved happy99.exe as an attachment to a message recieved from
gasification today. This is a worm type virus that can quickly bog down mail servers
by attaching itself to all outgoing mail. Inoculation is available.
Steve Baker
Laboratory for Physical Sciences
301-935-6435
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From boiler at execulink.com Tue Feb 23 18:12:29 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Message-ID: <004301be5f82$625e7fa0$2103efd1@rickbell>

Hello Steven:

I received this attachment from a supplier, I've removed it from my
briefcase and everywhere else. My anti virus McAfee must of not done its
job, what else can I do.

Regards,

Ricky B
-----Original Message-----
From: Steven E. Baker <seb@lps.umd.edu>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Tuesday, February 23, 1999 4:46 PM
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm

>Warning- I recieved happy99.exe as an attachment to a message recieved from
>gasification today. This is a worm type virus that can quickly bog down
mail servers
>by attaching itself to all outgoing mail. Inoculation is available.
>Steve Baker
>Laboratory for Physical Sciences
>301-935-6435
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From LINVENT at aol.com Tue Feb 23 19:09:46 1999
From: LINVENT at aol.com (LINVENT@aol.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Message-ID: <e2e1ce24.36d34237@aol.com>

Dear worm chasees,
Use a Mac. I had one of those sent to me by a vendor who had to spend 4 hours
with a computer specialist to get it out of the files. It is not read by
Macs, even with an interpreter and merely dragging it to the trash gets rid of
it on Macs.
Tom Taylor
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From james at sri.org.au Tue Feb 23 21:27:14 1999
From: james at sri.org.au (James Joyce)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Message-ID: <19990224122914james@jj_lap.sri.org.au>

I picked up the virus from the recent message to this list. Curiosity
got the better of me and I executed the offending happy99.exe file.

Our corporate virus checker (Inviricible) did not pick up the
infection.

The procedure to fix the problem (which also describes how to determine
who you have e-mailed infected files to) is at
http://www.geocities/SiliconValley/Heights/3652/SKA.HTM

Back to gasification ...

James Joyce - Engineer
Sugar Research Institute
Mackay, Australia
ph. (07) 4952 7698
www.sri.org.au

> Dear worm chasees,
> Use a Mac. I had one of those sent to me by a vendor who had to
> spend 4 hours
> with a computer specialist to get it out of the files. It is not
> read by
> Macs, even with an interpreter and merely dragging it to the trash
> gets rid of
> it on Macs.
> Tom Taylor
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From greensue at hotmail.com Wed Feb 24 01:20:22 1999
From: greensue at hotmail.com (Susanne Machler)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:07:59 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
Message-ID: <19990224062146.6050.qmail@hotmail.com>

Hi Tom,

Sue here again, down in the Caribbean. Thinking of pelletizing some
biomass products into pellets for fish feeds, (aquaponics) and using
(ideally!!) the same machine to pelletize other biomass waste into
pellets for stoves, any one onr this list with a list of Briquetting
machinery Manufacturers??

Cheers for the practical help always,

Sue,

Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 10:23:29 -0500
From: Tom Reed <REEDTB@compuserve.com>
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
To: "Jim Dunham" <costaeec@kcnet.com>, "Karsted, Elsen L."
<elk@net2000ke.com>,
STOVES <stoves@crest.org>, GASIFICATION <gasification@crest.org>
Reply-To: gasification@crest.org

Dear ELK and Jim:

Briquetting the sawdust makes a cleanburning fuel with 3 times the
energy
of the original sawdust. Unfortunately it requires capitalization of
several hundred thousand $. Such plants are BEGINNING to appear in the
U.S., Canada and Europe. I can buy 1/4" sawdust pellets in many of my
hardware stores for $2.50 - $3 for a 40 lb plastic bag - and I do for my
gasifier experiments. We can buy 3/8"peanut hull pellets from Birdsong
Peanuts in Georgia for $40/ton. Great fuels.

We have occasionally used a "STONE GRATE". Put appropriate size stones
on
top of your metal grate that will pass the necessary air. Limestone
breaks
down, but maintains size.

Alternatively, a higher heat loss at the grate would help. Try a pool
of
water underneath.

I'd love to see your operation. How do I get myself there?

Your pal,
TOM REED

From parikh at me.iitb.ernet.in Wed Feb 24 04:02:37 1999
From: parikh at me.iitb.ernet.in (Prof P P Parikh)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Question on diesel engines.
In-Reply-To: <000b01be5ec2$105317e0$4105efd1@rickbell>
Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.96.990224144132.25377A-200000@agni.me.iitb.ernet.in>

Can kerosine be substituted for diesel fuel for
a diesel engine. If so what mixture. If no why not.

Thanks for the help

Ricky B

From iank at nelson.planet.org.nz Wed Feb 24 04:06:00 1999
From: iank at nelson.planet.org.nz (Ian Kearney)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Message-ID: <199902240907.WAA15962@sage.ts.co.nz>

I received it also .

I am told , by people far more expert then me , that it is important not to
open the attachment and that the site to obtain the fix proceedure is as
follows .
http://sympantic.com/avcenter/venc/data//happy99worm.html

Iank
At 04:39 PM 23/02/99 -300, Steven E. Baker wrote:
>Warning- I recieved happy99.exe as an attachment to a message recieved from
>gasification today. This is a worm type virus that can quickly bog down
mail servers
>by attaching itself to all outgoing mail. Inoculation is available.
>Steve Baker
>Laboratory for Physical Sciences
>301-935-6435
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>
>

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From REEDTB at compuserve.com Wed Feb 24 09:51:15 1999
From: REEDTB at compuserve.com (Tom Reed)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: RE: Problems with straw combustion
Message-ID: <199902240952_MC2-6BAF-C985@compuserve.com>

Dear Tom Miles, Christian and others:

Tom Miles said...

"If individuals post suggestions to the list then we can begin to
accumulate
current references. Maybe it's time to start a "webliography" of
publications dealing with
bioenergy combustion and conversion issues. We can post a list of links and
publications or maintain a database of the same at CREST."

Great idea! Yes, yes, a "Webibliography" would be great, and you can use
mine in part to start it up. We are all awash in data, some good some bad,
some leading to new ideas, some red herrings. The more we can do to help
sort it out, the better.

Our five main categories at CREST - BIOENERGY, BIOCONVERSION, DIGESTION,
GASIFICATION and STOVES are insufficient for our wide range of interests.
For the last 4 years I have been using COMPUSERVE's filing cabinet to
classify my particular interests and I have been filing all communications
under these sub-categories:

AG-BAG
ALKALI
ASH
UTILITIES
BAGASSE
BARK
BIODIESEL
BIOGAS
BIOMASS
BLOWERS
BOILERS
BRIQUETTING
BUN
BUN-INDIA
BURNERS
CHARCOAL
CHEMICALS
CHIPS
CLIMATE,WEATHER
CO
COAL
CO-FIRING
COGENERATION
COMBUSTION
FEEDERS
COOKING
CORN
COTTON
CREST
CSERVE
CSM
CYCLONE
DEFORESTATION
DENSIFICATION
DESERTIFICATION
DIESEL
DME
DRYING
ECONOMICS
EMISSIONS
ENERGY FARMING
ENERGY FUTURES
ENGINES
ENVIRONMENT
ETHANOL
FERTILIZERS
FILTERS
FLAMES
FLUID BEDS
FOOD
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL CELLS
FUEL EFFICIENCY
FUELS-MISC
GASIFICATION 99
GASIFICATION-98
GASIFIER DESIGN
H2S
HCN
HEAT VALUES
HEMP
HUBBERT
HUMOR
HYDRATE
HYDROGEN
INCINERATION
INDIA
INFINET
INSULATION
MALTHUS
MANTLE
MANURES
METHANOL
MODELLING
MSW
NATURAL GAS
OCTANE
OIL SHALE
OIL/GAS
OXYGEN-AIR
PALM OIL
PARTICULATES
PEAT
PELLETS
POWER
PRODUCER GAS
PULP/PAPER
PYROLYSIS
RECYCLING
REFORESTATION
REFRACTORIES
REFRIGERATION
REVIEWING
RICE HULL
ROOT FUELS
SAWDUST
SCALE
SECOND LAW
SHORT ROTATION
SILK
SLUDGE
SMOKE
SOIL
SOLAR
SOOT
SPACE
STEAM
STIRLING
STOVE PRODUCTION
STOVE RESEARCH
STOVES-97
STOVES-98
STOVES-99
STRAW
SUGAR CANE
SUPERFICIAL VELOCITYY
SURFACE COMBUSTION
SYN-GAS
TARS
TECHNOLOGY
THERMODYNAMICS
THERMOELECTRICS
THERMOGENICS
RULES OF THUMB
TIRES
TREATED WOOD
TURBINES
TURBO STOVE
VILLAGE POWER
WATER

(Sorry I can't send this in columns as I just viewed it in MSWORD.)

These categories fit the bill for me. If I want to know the thinking on
any of these subjects I can look in that folder. Compuserve is particularly
good about letting you file this way. Will other servers permit this? So
far this is why I am sticking with the ailing CS.

Don't drown in data...

Yours truly, TOM
REED

From seb at lps.umd.edu Wed Feb 24 10:23:01 1999
From: seb at lps.umd.edu (Steven E. Baker)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: No problem here
In-Reply-To: <004301be5f82$625e7fa0$2103efd1@rickbell>
Message-ID: <199902241524.KAA04893@renaissance.umd.edu>

From: "Rick Bell" <boiler@execulink.com>
To: <gasification@crest.org>
Subject: Re: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Date sent: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:15:19 -0500
Send reply to: gasification@crest.org

Rick, Turns out the Windows NT directory structure was different enough to crash the
.exe before it rewrote Winsock32.dll, therefore my machine was unaffected even
though I did view the graphic. I sent the attachment intentionally to my SI because I
thought the graphic would be a good effect to put on our web page on the 4th of July.
He stopped by straight away.

Anyway, How about some details on this kerosene burning Diesel engine project.
Steve Baker
Laboratory for Physical Sciences
301-935-6435
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From michael.schwerin at internetMCI.com Wed Feb 24 10:52:33 1999
From: michael.schwerin at internetMCI.com (Michael Schwerin)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Message-ID: <0F7O00OUI0XFFK@PM05SM.PMM.CW.NET>

James:
Thanks for directing us to the worm fix. Others please note: the link
provided needs ".com" following "www.geocities"
Mike

----------
> From: James Joyce <james@sri.org.au>
> To: gasification@crest.org
> Subject: Re: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
> Date: Wednesday, February 24, 1999 7:29 AM
>
> I picked up the virus from the recent message to this list. Curiosity
> got the better of me and I executed the offending happy99.exe file.
>
> Our corporate virus checker (Inviricible) did not pick up the
> infection.
>
> The procedure to fix the problem (which also describes how to determine
> who you have e-mailed infected files to) is at
> http://www.geocities/SiliconValley/Heights/3652/SKA.HTM
>
> Back to gasification ...
>
>
> James Joyce - Engineer
> Sugar Research Institute
> Mackay, Australia
> ph. (07) 4952 7698
> www.sri.org.au
>

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From REEDTB at compuserve.com Wed Feb 24 12:43:00 1999
From: REEDTB at compuserve.com (Tom Reed)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
Message-ID: <199902241244_MC2-6BB6-DC91@compuserve.com>

Message text written by INTERNET:gasification@crest.org
><

Dear Sue:

Don't know about fish waste, but contact the California Pellet Mill Company
- they know everything..

Cheers....TOM

BEWARE the happy99.exe worm file. DON'T open. Delete if you get it! I may
be infected.

From boiler at execulink.com Wed Feb 24 16:02:17 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Message-ID: <002601be6039$5c4e72c0$2104efd1@rickbell>

Thanks a million, Whatever happened to the carrier pigeon.

Regards,

Ricky B
-----Original Message-----
From: James Joyce <james@sri.org.au>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Tuesday, February 23, 1999 9:30 PM
Subject: Re: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm

>I picked up the virus from the recent message to this list. Curiosity
>got the better of me and I executed the offending happy99.exe file.
>
>Our corporate virus checker (Inviricible) did not pick up the
>infection.
>
>The procedure to fix the problem (which also describes how to determine
>who you have e-mailed infected files to) is at
>http://www.geocities/SiliconValley/Heights/3652/SKA.HTM
>
>Back to gasification ...
>
>
>James Joyce - Engineer
>Sugar Research Institute
>Mackay, Australia
>ph. (07) 4952 7698
>www.sri.org.au
>
>
>> Dear worm chasees,
>> Use a Mac. I had one of those sent to me by a vendor who had to
>> spend 4 hours
>> with a computer specialist to get it out of the files. It is not
>> read by
>> Macs, even with an interpreter and merely dragging it to the trash
>> gets rid of
>> it on Macs.
>> Tom Taylor
>> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>>
>
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From boiler at execulink.com Wed Feb 24 16:04:25 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Message-ID: <002f01be6039$a6afe420$2104efd1@rickbell>

Thanks a Million, what ever happened to the carrier pigeon.

Regards,

Ricky B
-----Original Message-----
From: Ian Kearney <iank@nelson.planet.org.nz>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>; gasification@crest.org
<gasification@crest.org>
Date: Wednesday, February 24, 1999 4:09 AM
Subject: Re: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm

>I received it also .
>
>I am told , by people far more expert then me , that it is important not to
>open the attachment and that the site to obtain the fix proceedure is as
>follows .
>http://sympantic.com/avcenter/venc/data//happy99worm.html
>
>Iank
>At 04:39 PM 23/02/99 -300, Steven E. Baker wrote:
>>Warning- I recieved happy99.exe as an attachment to a message recieved
from
>>gasification today. This is a worm type virus that can quickly bog down
>mail servers
>>by attaching itself to all outgoing mail. Inoculation is available.
>>Steve Baker
>>Laboratory for Physical Sciences
>>301-935-6435
>>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>>
>>
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From boiler at execulink.com Wed Feb 24 16:12:44 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: It Takes Guts to Say 'Jesus'
Message-ID: <004301be603a$d1530080$2104efd1@rickbell>

I got this alert from IBM this am. If you
receive an email titled " It Takes Guts to Say 'Jesus' do not open it. It
will erase everything on your hard drive. Forward this to everybody you
know. This is a new, very malicious virus and not many people know about
it. This virus will attach itself to your computer components and render
them useless.
AOL has said that this is a very dangerous virus
that there is no remendy for it at this time.

Regards,

Ricky B

From tmiles at teleport.com Wed Feb 24 18:10:11 1999
From: tmiles at teleport.com (Tom Miles)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
In-Reply-To: <002f01be6039$a6afe420$2104efd1@rickbell>
Message-ID: <Version.32.19990224144851.03367a60@mail.teleport.com>

Thanks to all who have helped with the happy99.exe worm.

If you've been following the thread you know that if you are a PC user and
if curiosity got the better of you then you need to either use an updated
Antivirus program (I used McAfee) or remove the drivers manually and delete
the attached files.

Most of the virus warnings are hoaxes and they do nothing more than clutter
email lists. So let's not repeat all the alarms. But this one jumped out
and grabbed us.

Be assured that if you have a Mac, NT or unix machine you were not
infected. The CREST server is a UNIX system. All Happy99.exe files have
been deleted so it is not being spread from the archives.

In the light of our recent eperience you might enjoy the seeing what one
person thinsk about Y2K at the following website:
www.thesitefights.com/wepatrol/mil_bug.gif

Regards,

Tom

From greensue at hotmail.com Thu Feb 25 00:18:23 1999
From: greensue at hotmail.com (Susanne Machler)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
Message-ID: <19990225051951.22011.qmail@hotmail.com>

Thanks Tom,
It wouldnt be for fish wastes, it would be to pelletize my own mixture o
herbs, grasses, beans, peas, and plants in to a high grade feed for
fish.....

Yup.. still some indies out here... ;)

Sue...

Date: Wed, 24 Feb 1999 12:43:17 -0500
From: Tom Reed <REEDTB@compuserve.com>
Subject: Re: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
To: "INTERNET:gasification@crest.org" <gasification@crest.org>
Reply-To: gasification@crest.org

Message text written by INTERNET:gasification@crest.org
><

Dear Sue:

Don't know about fish waste, but contact the California Pellet Mill
Company
- they know everything..

Cheers....TOM

BEWARE the happy99.exe worm file. DON'T open. Delete if you get it! I
may
be infected.

From arnt at c2i.net Thu Feb 25 11:46:45 1999
From: arnt at c2i.net (Arnt Karlsen)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Question on diesel engines.
In-Reply-To: <000b01be5ec2$105317e0$4105efd1@rickbell>
Message-ID: <36D57D39.5648C8DC@c2i.net>

Hi,
Rick Bell wrote:
Can kerosine
be substituted for diesel fuel for a diesel engine. If so what mixture.
If no why not.
..yes, in Scandinavia, kerosene is added to auto diesel in the winter to
combat lube fat freezing which would clog fuel filters and piping. When
adding more than 50% kerosene, we also add 2-stroke oil, to avoid fuel
pump seizure. Kerosene does not lubricate the fuel system, which *needs*
lubrication. On my old MB 220D, I ignored the auto diesel fuel lube content
when adding kerosene, and simply poured in whatever the 2 stroke oil can
read (like 2% of fuel) before adding the kerosene. No road tax on kerosene
;-)
..Arnt Karlsen

From macm at cert.UCR.EDU Thu Feb 25 12:58:59 1999
From: macm at cert.UCR.EDU (Mac McClanahan)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: It Takes Guts to Say 'Jesus'
In-Reply-To: <004301be603a$d1530080$2104efd1@rickbell>
Message-ID: <36D58FE5.A032A931@helium.ucr.edu>

Hello,

The "Guts to Jesus" virus is a hoax. If you want to know the real virus
alerts from IBM, go to their web page for this information:

http://www.av.ibm.com/BreakingNews/VirusAlert/

Hope this helps,

Mac

Rick Bell wrote:
I got this
alert from IBM this am. If you receive an email titled " It Takes Guts
to Say 'Jesus' do not open it. It will erase everything on your hard drive.
Forward this to everybody you know. This is a new, very malicious
virus and not many people know about it. This virus will attach itself
to your computer components and render them useless.AOL
has said that this is a very dangerous virus that there is no remendy for
it at this time. Regards, Ricky
B

begin: vcard
fn: Mac McClanahan
n: McClanahan;Mac
org: CE-CERT - Advanced Vehicle Engineering Lab
adr;dom: 1200 Columbia Ave.;;;Riverside;CA;92507;
email;internet: macm@helium.UCR.EDU
title: Programmer/Analyst
tel;work: 909 781-5746
tel;fax: 909 781-5790
x-mozilla-cpt: ;0
x-mozilla-html: FALSE
version: 2.1
end: vcard

From boiler at execulink.com Thu Feb 25 16:15:05 1999
From: boiler at execulink.com (Rick Bell)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: It Takes Guts to Say 'Jesus'
Message-ID: <001201be6104$540798a0$2404efd1@rickbell>

Hello Mac:

I've been trying to get info like this awhile, thank you very
much. I'll slept much better now.

Regards,

Ricky B
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 solid 2px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">
-----Original Message-----From:
Mac McClanahan <<A
href="mailto:macm@cert.UCR.EDU">macm@cert.UCR.EDU>To: <A
href="mailto:gasification@crest.org">gasification@crest.org <<A
href="mailto:gasification@crest.org">gasification@crest.org>Date:
Thursday, February 25, 1999 1:03 PMSubject: Re: GAS-L: It
Takes Guts to Say 'Jesus'Hello,
The "Guts to Jesus" virus is a hoax. If you want to know the
real virus alerts from IBM, go to their web page for this information:
<A
href="http://www.av.ibm.com/BreakingNews/VirusAlert/">http://www.av.ibm.com/BreakingNews/VirusAlert/

Hope this helps,
Mac
Rick Bell wrote:
I got
this alert from IBM this am. If you receive an email titled " It
Takes Guts to Say 'Jesus' do not open it. It will erase everything on
your hard drive. Forward this to everybody you know. This is
a new, very malicious virus and not many people know about it.
This virus will attach itself to your computer components and render
them useless.AOL has
said that this is a very dangerous virus that there is no remendy for it
at this time. <FONT
size=-1>Regards, <FONT
size=-1>Ricky B

From cestarks at hotmail.com Thu Feb 25 21:01:27 1999
From: cestarks at hotmail.com (Scott Starks)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
Message-ID: <19990226020256.9934.qmail@hotmail.com>

Check out the site http://www.msnbc.com/news/235662.asp

>From owner-gasification@crest.org Tue Feb 23 22:03:19 1999
>Received: from localhost (daemon@localhost)
> by solstice.crest.org (8.8.7/8.8.7) with SMTP id SAA28880;
> Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:13:57 -0500 (EST)
>Received: by solstice.crest.org (bulk_mailer v1.5); Tue, 23 Feb 1999
18:12:40 -0500
>Received: (from majordom@localhost)
> by solstice.crest.org (8.8.7/8.8.7) id SAA28716
> for gasification-outgoing; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:12:29 -0500 (EST)
>Received: from amsterdam.execulink.net (amsterdam.execulink.net
[199.166.6.19])
> by solstice.crest.org (8.8.7/8.8.7) with ESMTP id SAA28712
> for <gasification@crest.org>; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:12:26 -0500 (EST)
>Received: from rickbell (ppp33.a5.du.execulink.com [209.239.3.33])
> by amsterdam.execulink.net (8.9.3/8.9.3) with SMTP id SAA05134
> for <gasification@crest.org>; Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:14:22 -0500 (EST)
>Message-ID: <004301be5f82$625e7fa0$2103efd1@rickbell>
>From: "Rick Bell" <boiler@execulink.com>
>To: <gasification@crest.org>
>Subject: Re: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
>Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 18:15:19 -0500
>MIME-Version: 1.0
>Content-Type: text/plain;
> charset="iso-8859-1"
>Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
>X-Priority: 3
>X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
>X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 4.72.2106.4
>X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V4.72.2106.4
>Sender: owner-gasification@crest.org
>Precedence: bulk
>Reply-To: gasification@crest.org
>
>Hello Steven:
>
>I received this attachment from a supplier, I've removed it from my
>briefcase and everywhere else. My anti virus McAfee must of not done
its
>job, what else can I do.
>
>Regards,
>
>Ricky B
>-----Original Message-----
>From: Steven E. Baker <seb@lps.umd.edu>
>To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
>Date: Tuesday, February 23, 1999 4:46 PM
>Subject: GAS-L: happy99.exe worm
>
>
>>Warning- I recieved happy99.exe as an attachment to a message recieved
from
>>gasification today. This is a worm type virus that can quickly bog
down
>mail servers
>>by attaching itself to all outgoing mail. Inoculation is available.
>>Steve Baker
>>Laboratory for Physical Sciences
>>301-935-6435
>>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>>
>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>
>

From Dean-Anne.Corson at xtra.co.nz Fri Feb 26 04:45:13 1999
From: Dean-Anne.Corson at xtra.co.nz (Anne & Dean)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
Message-ID: <002601be616c$917b6d20$ed6860cb@Dean-Anne.Corson>

Hi All - Can anyone point out the fastest (not
necessarily the most economic) way to carbonise tree trunks(without size
reduction). Would a pressure system work better through greater heat transfer or
would a vacuum system prove better?. Please don't criticise my feedstock if I
wasn't a little bit mad I wouldn't ask.

Thanks for your
assistance

Dean

From phoenix at transport.com Fri Feb 26 08:35:38 1999
From: phoenix at transport.com (Art Krenzel)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
Message-ID: <199902261337.FAA08970@spanky.transport.com>

Hi Anne & Dean,

>Hi All - Can anyone point out the fastest (not necessarily the most
economic) way to carbonise tree >trunks(without size reduction). Would a
pressure system work better through greater heat transfer or >would a
vacuum system prove better?. Please don't criticise my feedstock if I
wasn't a little bit mad I >wouldn't ask.

An interesting question you have posed. I am working on a stove which
carbonizes 3 ft lengths of tree trunks measuring up to 8 inches in
diameter. Are you proposing to do tree trunks 3 feet in diameter and 50
foot lengths? My feed stock comes from a renewable tree lot of popular
trees. Is yours from the beach or a forest?

Art Krenzel
phoenix@transport.com
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From uvnbhop at mp.mp.nic.in Fri Feb 26 11:54:31 1999
From: uvnbhop at mp.mp.nic.in (Sunjoy Joshi)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Bioenergy Email Lists, Sponsors and Commands
Message-ID: <199902261654.LAA04510@solstice.crest.org>

Some interesting work on gasification is being done in the state of Madhya
Pradesh, India both in the commercial sector as well as for rural
energization. Subscribers may like to visit the gasification pages of the
website hosted by the MP Corporation for the Development of Alternate
Energy at http://www.mprenewable.com

S.Joshi

----------
> From: Tom Miles <tmiles@teleport.com>
> To: bioenergy@crest.org
> Cc: digestion@crest.org; stoves@crest.org; gasification@crest.org;
bioconversion@crest.org
> Subject: GAS-L: Bioenergy Email Lists, Sponsors and Commands
> Date: Sunday, February 21, 1999 1:52 AM
>
> BIOENERGY EMAIL LISTS
>
> The bioenergy mailing lists are hosted by the Center for Renewable Energy
&
> Sustainable Technologies(CREST) for industry, academia and government to
> discuss biomass production and conversion to energy. There are five lists
> at CREST.
>
> o Bioenergy bioenergy@crest.org
> Moderator: Tom Miles tmiles@teleport.com
> Archive:

http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/bioenergy-list-archive/
> Digest: bioenergy-digest@crest.org
>
> o Gasification gasification@crest.org
> Moderators: Thomas Reed REEDTB@compuserve.com
> Estoban Chornet Chornete@tcplink.nrel.gov
> Archive:

http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
> Digest: gasification-digest@crest.org
>
> o Anaerobic Digestion digestion@crest.org
> Moderators: Phil Lusk plusk@usa.pipeline.com
> Pat Wheeler patrick.wheeler@aeat.co.uk
> Richard Nelson rnelson@oz.oznet.ksu.edu
> Archive: <http://www.crest.org/renewables/digestion-list-archive>
> Digest: digestion-digest@crest.org
>
> o Stoves stoves@crest.org
> Moderators: Ronal Larson larcon@csn.net
> Alex English <english@adan.kingston.net
> Archive: http://www.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
> Digest: stoves-digest@crest.org
>
> o Bioconversion bioconversion@crest.org
> Moderators: Tom Jeffries twjeffri@facstaff.wisc.edu
>
Archive:http://www.crest.org/renewables/bioconversion-list-archive/

> Digest: bioconversion-digest@crest.org
>
> Current subscribers to the lists are engaged in the research and
commercial
> production of biomass crops and fuels, the conversion of biomass power in
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and
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>
> MODERATORS
>
> This is a cooperative, volunteer effort that is now in it's fifth year.
The
> lists are moderated and managed by volunteers. If you want to help
moderate
> a list pease contact individual ist moderators or Tom miles, Bioenergy
List
> Administrator at <tmiles@teleport.com>.
>
> SPONSORS
>
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> Association for hosting the lists at their site. While there is no fee
to
> subscribe to the lists contributions are welcome
> ($100 minimum please) and will be necessary to sustain the lists.
> Annual sponsors are listed on the messages and list archives. Onthly
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>
>
>
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
> Thomas R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
> Technical Consultants, Inc. Tel (503) 292-0107/646-1198
> 1470 SW Woodward Way Fax (503) 605-0208
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>
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From heat-win at cwcom.net Fri Feb 26 13:32:50 1999
From: heat-win at cwcom.net (T J Stubbing)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Your "Carbonise Tree Trunks" message
Message-ID: <199902261832.NAA11383@solstice.crest.org>

Warning
Could not process message with given Content-Type:
multipart/mixed; boundary="------------A04A6FBEF53A43E178EAF87D"

From Dean-Anne.Corson at xtra.co.nz Fri Feb 26 16:22:02 1999
From: Dean-Anne.Corson at xtra.co.nz (Anne & Dean)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
Message-ID: <01d501be61cd$e7fd9c20$786560cb@Dean-Anne.Corson>

Hi Art - The tree trunks I have considered are in the order of at least 3
feet in diameter with length optional. What do you think of the idea of
drilling strategic holes around and down the length of the tree truck which
will expose the centre of the trunk and increase surface area?. I guess
splitting is an option, will inreacse surface area and make ease of
handling, thought on this?.

Dean

-----Original Message-----
From: Art Krenzel <phoenix@transport.com>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Saturday, 27 February 1999 02:42
Subject: Re: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks

>Hi Anne & Dean,
>
>>Hi All - Can anyone point out the fastest (not necessarily the most
>economic) way to carbonise tree >trunks(without size reduction). Would a
>pressure system work better through greater heat transfer or >would a
>vacuum system prove better?. Please don't criticise my feedstock if I
>wasn't a little bit mad I >wouldn't ask.
>
>An interesting question you have posed. I am working on a stove which
>carbonizes 3 ft lengths of tree trunks measuring up to 8 inches in
>diameter. Are you proposing to do tree trunks 3 feet in diameter and 50
>foot lengths? My feed stock comes from a renewable tree lot of popular
>trees. Is yours from the beach or a forest?
>
>Art Krenzel
>phoenix@transport.com
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

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From costaeec at kcnet.com Fri Feb 26 20:13:10 1999
From: costaeec at kcnet.com (Jim Dunham)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
Message-ID: <004f01be61f4$7079d660$420f0a0c@default>

Susanne,

We will try to help. We specialize in densification of biomass and have
several methods and technologies available. We have pelletizing,
briquetting, cubing, and extruding equipment.

The type of system used is naturally dependant on the use of the finished
product. I would think any method would work for fish food. My only
experience was very limited. We sold a briquetting line to a commercial
fishing firm in South Africa for making fish bait wafers.

They claimed to have great success, but we have lost contact with them.

Send mailing address and we will send you some materials to get you started.

Best regards and good luck with the project.

Jim Dunham
Environmental Engineering Corp
Kansas City, MO
815-452-3500 fax-452-6663

-----Original Message-----
From: Susanne Machler <greensue@hotmail.com>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
Date: Tuesday, February 23, 1999 11:24 PM
Subject: Re: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.

>Hi Tom,
>
>Sue here again, down in the Caribbean. Thinking of pelletizing some
>biomass products into pellets for fish feeds, (aquaponics) and using
>(ideally!!) the same machine to pelletize other biomass waste into
>pellets for stoves, any one onr this list with a list of Briquetting
>machinery Manufacturers??
>
>Cheers for the practical help always,
>
>Sue,
>
>
>Date: Tue, 23 Feb 1999 10:23:29 -0500
>From: Tom Reed <REEDTB@compuserve.com>
>Subject: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
>To: "Jim Dunham" <costaeec@kcnet.com>, "Karsted, Elsen L."
><elk@net2000ke.com>,
> STOVES <stoves@crest.org>, GASIFICATION <gasification@crest.org>
>Reply-To: gasification@crest.org
>
>Dear ELK and Jim:
>
>Briquetting the sawdust makes a cleanburning fuel with 3 times the
>energy
>of the original sawdust. Unfortunately it requires capitalization of
>several hundred thousand $. Such plants are BEGINNING to appear in the
>U.S., Canada and Europe. I can buy 1/4" sawdust pellets in many of my
>hardware stores for $2.50 - $3 for a 40 lb plastic bag - and I do for my
>gasifier experiments. We can buy 3/8"peanut hull pellets from Birdsong
>Peanuts in Georgia for $40/ton. Great fuels.
>
>We have occasionally used a "STONE GRATE". Put appropriate size stones
>on
>top of your metal grate that will pass the necessary air. Limestone
>breaks
>down, but maintains size.
>
>Alternatively, a higher heat loss at the grate would help. Try a pool
>of
>water underneath.
>
>I'd love to see your operation. How do I get myself there?
>
>Your pal,
>TOM REED
>
>
>
>
>
>Thomas B. Reed: The Biomass Energy Foundation
>1810 Smith Rd., Golden, CO 80401
>303 278 0558V; 303 278 0560F
>E-mail: reedtb@compuserve.com
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>
>
>______________________________________________________
>Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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>

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From REEDTB at compuserve.com Sat Feb 27 07:24:09 1999
From: REEDTB at compuserve.com (Tom Reed)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: MURDER on the Internet
Message-ID: <199902270725_MC2-6C16-F8AD@compuserve.com>

Dear CREST:

I have just finished spending an hour making sure my system is clean from
the virus/worm HAPPY99.EXE. (It was). Dave Dalton told me how to do it
and I followed his and other instructions I downloaded from the WWW.

Dave and I cannot understand how some hackers can take pleasure in
attacking all the computers IN THE WORLD with viruses and worms. Our
computers all contain valuable information which can be destroyed or
corrupted and we can corrupt others unknowingly. Do they sit at their
machines howling with laughter?

I claim that this is a new form of MURDER, as follows. Each of us will have
some 16 hours a day to work at a productive lifetime as we choose how to
spend typically 50 years of our productive lifetimes. This adds up to
292,000 or ~ 300,000 hours which add to gether to make an adult life.

If a hacker can infect 30 million computers and each operator has to spend
an hour getting disinfected, that is 30 M hours stolen from Humanity. That
amounts to 100 lives destroyed or MURDERED!

I know there are wrist-slap penalties in place for sending viruses. We
need to make our legislators aware of the seriousness of these computer
crimes and make the penalties proportional to those for MURDER. (I
personally would recommend the death penalty, but I know that many people
would consider that to be legal murder and prefer that society prescribe
life imprisonment - either way get rid of these RATS!)

If you feel as strongly about this as we do, please send this on to your
legislators, friends etc.

Yours truly,

TOM REED
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

From english at adan.kingston.net Sat Feb 27 08:26:45 1999
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: MURDER on the Internet
In-Reply-To: <199902270725_MC2-6C16-F8AD@compuserve.com>
Message-ID: <199902271327.IAA27636@adan.kingston.net>

Tom Reed wrote:

> If a hacker can infect 30 million computers and each operator has to spend
> an hour getting disinfected, that is 30 M hours stolen from Humanity. That
> amounts to 100 lives destroyed or MURDERED!

I'll take a different tack. This "virus" may have successfully
inoculated (educated) the worlds computer users against future more
serious offenders. If 30 million people will now refuse to open
unrequested file attachments, our little Happy99.exe could have
prevented species extinction. I'm referring to the sub species,
homo nerdoid ignoramus.

Happy 99 and many more, Alex
Alex English
RR 2 Odessa Ontario
Canada K0H 2H0
Tel 1-613-386-1927
Fax 1-613-386-1211

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From LINVENT at aol.com Sat Feb 27 09:21:54 1999
From: LINVENT at aol.com (LINVENT@aol.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re:bloodshed on the internet
Message-ID: <3be10136.36d7ffb9@aol.com>

Sorry to hear that a bubbly program (happy99.exe) cost so many lives and
destroyed fortunes. Of course, the rule of life is still survival of the
fittest and that includes the homos sap ignoramus who has a system which is
prey to .exe files, Y2K crises, plus the other poor architectural, planning,
foresight of opportunistic programmers whose introductions of new paths for
viruses to take lock up and make national news. The Apple I bite into has no
worm.

Tom Taylor
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From buitn at hcm.vnn.vn Sat Feb 27 10:40:04 1999
From: buitn at hcm.vnn.vn (Bui Tuyen)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: gasification-digest V1 #911
Message-ID: <19990227153744.AAA17733@4rgroup>

Dear Sir,

Why on earth do you need to carbonize those big tree trunks? They (tree
trunks) are much much more valulable than whatever carbon/charcoal amount
you can make from them. Maybe I am a bit out of the real comercialized
world, but should appreciate if anybody can tell me why I am wrong.
Thank you all

Bui Tuyen
491/34 VXNT, P.26, Binh Thanh
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam..

----------
> From: gasification-digest <owner-gasification-digest@crest.org>
> To: gasification-digest@crest.org
> Subject: gasification-digest V1 #911
> Date: Saturday, February 27, 1999 2:00 PM
>
>
> gasification-digest Saturday, February 27 1999 Volume 01 : Number
911
>
>
>
> Messages in this digest:
> Re: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
> Re: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Date: Sat, 27 Feb 1999 10:19:57 +1300
> From: "Anne & Dean" <Dean-Anne.Corson@xtra.co.nz>
> Subject: Re: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
>
> Hi Art - The tree trunks I have considered are in the order of at least 3
> feet in diameter with length optional. What do you think of the idea of
> drilling strategic holes around and down the length of the tree truck
which
> will expose the centre of the trunk and increase surface area?. I guess
> splitting is an option, will inreacse surface area and make ease of
> handling, thought on this?.
>
> Dean
>
> - -----Original Message-----
> From: Art Krenzel <phoenix@transport.com>
> To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
> Date: Saturday, 27 February 1999 02:42
> Subject: Re: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
>
>
> >Hi Anne & Dean,
> >
> >>Hi All - Can anyone point out the fastest (not necessarily the most
> >economic) way to carbonise tree >trunks(without size reduction). Would a
> >pressure system work better through greater heat transfer or >would a
> >vacuum system prove better?. Please don't criticise my feedstock if I
> >wasn't a little bit mad I >wouldn't ask.
> >
> >An interesting question you have posed. I am working on a stove which
> >carbonizes 3 ft lengths of tree trunks measuring up to 8 inches in
> >diameter. Are you proposing to do tree trunks 3 feet in diameter and 50
> >foot lengths? My feed stock comes from a renewable tree lot of popular
> >trees. Is yours from the beach or a forest?
> >
> >Art Krenzel
> >phoenix@transport.com
> >Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> >http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>
> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>
Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From heat-win at cwcom.net Sat Feb 27 13:12:14 1999
From: heat-win at cwcom.net (T J Stubbing)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Your "Carbonise Tree Trunks" message
Message-ID: <199902271812.NAA04157@solstice.crest.org>

Warning
Could not process message with given Content-Type:
multipart/mixed; boundary="------------4426947581D1C885AD86688C"

From Dean-Anne.Corson at xtra.co.nz Sat Feb 27 14:21:25 1999
From: Dean-Anne.Corson at xtra.co.nz (Anne & Dean)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: gasification-digest V1 #911
Message-ID: <026b01be6286$39063380$896860cb@Dean-Anne.Corson>

These tree trunks/logs past there used by date, have been sitting around for
years rotting on farm lands, river banks etc. Your right though, it would
make more sense to try and salvage as much as one could as timber. Still the
question remains, how do you carbonise these beasts quickly.

Dean
-----Original Message-----
From: Bui Tuyen <buitn@hcm.vnn.vn>
To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>;
gasification-digest@crest.org <gasification-digest@crest.org>
Date: Sunday, 28 February 1999 04:47
Subject: GAS-L: Re: gasification-digest V1 #911

>Dear Sir,
>
>Why on earth do you need to carbonize those big tree trunks? They (tree
>trunks) are much much more valulable than whatever carbon/charcoal amount
>you can make from them. Maybe I am a bit out of the real comercialized
>world, but should appreciate if anybody can tell me why I am wrong.
>Thank you all
>
>Bui Tuyen
>491/34 VXNT, P.26, Binh Thanh
>Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam..
>
>----------
>> From: gasification-digest <owner-gasification-digest@crest.org>
>> To: gasification-digest@crest.org
>> Subject: gasification-digest V1 #911
>> Date: Saturday, February 27, 1999 2:00 PM
>>
>>
>> gasification-digest Saturday, February 27 1999 Volume 01 : Number
>911
>>
>>
>>
>> Messages in this digest:
>> Re: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
>> Re: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
>>
>> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>> Date: Sat, 27 Feb 1999 10:19:57 +1300
>> From: "Anne & Dean" <Dean-Anne.Corson@xtra.co.nz>
>> Subject: Re: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
>>
>> Hi Art - The tree trunks I have considered are in the order of at least 3
>> feet in diameter with length optional. What do you think of the idea of
>> drilling strategic holes around and down the length of the tree truck
>which
>> will expose the centre of the trunk and increase surface area?. I guess
>> splitting is an option, will inreacse surface area and make ease of
>> handling, thought on this?.
>>
>> Dean
>>
>> - -----Original Message-----
>> From: Art Krenzel <phoenix@transport.com>
>> To: gasification@crest.org <gasification@crest.org>
>> Date: Saturday, 27 February 1999 02:42
>> Subject: Re: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
>>
>>
>> >Hi Anne & Dean,
>> >
>> >>Hi All - Can anyone point out the fastest (not necessarily the most
>> >economic) way to carbonise tree >trunks(without size reduction). Would a
>> >pressure system work better through greater heat transfer or >would a
>> >vacuum system prove better?. Please don't criticise my feedstock if I
>> >wasn't a little bit mad I >wouldn't ask.
>> >
>> >An interesting question you have posed. I am working on a stove which
>> >carbonizes 3 ft lengths of tree trunks measuring up to 8 inches in
>> >diameter. Are you proposing to do tree trunks 3 feet in diameter and 50
>> >foot lengths? My feed stock comes from a renewable tree lot of popular
>> >trees. Is yours from the beach or a forest?
>> >
>> >Art Krenzel
>> >phoenix@transport.com
>> >Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>> >http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>>
>> Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>> http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive
>>
>Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/gasification-list-archive

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From onar at con2.com Sat Feb 27 15:41:25 1999
From: onar at con2.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Onar_=C5m?=)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: gasification-digest V1 #911
Message-ID: <199902272051.PAA03619@admin.con2.com>

T J Stubbing, could you please stop sending corrupted e-mails. It is
wreaking havoc
to my mail system.

Onar.

Gasification List SPONSORS and ARCHIVES
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From arnt at c2i.net Sat Feb 27 15:42:37 1999
From: arnt at c2i.net (Arnt Karlsen)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: ..off-topic xpost, was: GAS-L: MURDER on the Internet
In-Reply-To: <199902270725_MC2-6C16-F8AD@compuserve.com>
Message-ID: <36D85307.BE9B5B73@c2i.net>

Dear CREST,

..Tom Reed wrote:

> Dear CREST:
>
> I have just finished spending an hour making sure my system is clean from
> the virus/worm HAPPY99.EXE. (It was). Dave Dalton told me how to do it
> and I followed his and other instructions I downloaded from the WWW.

--verbal abuse snipped--
..the Micro$oft platforms make attractive targets for several reasons, just one
is
the M$ Office e-mail automation; when someone e-mails you a spreadsheet, Excel
pops out of the dark and executes it...which is what I understand is a new
trend in mainstream macro-virus coding. Previously, it used to be Word
document macros.

..problem is these conveniences offered by M$, also offer pranksters convenient

access to modify software behavior, taking advantage of M$'s failure to screen
out
"root access" to e-mail attachments. In the unix world, only "root" is allowed
to wipe out the system, which is why he may not do ftp etc. The end result is a
*stable* system.
Learn more in http://linux.org/ . Also includes free Majordomo ;-)

..if you need M$ Office-like functionality, chk out http://corel.com/ and
http://staroffice.com/ , their suites are free downloads for non-commercial
users and the Linux OS.

..if you (or your boss) decide to stay with the M$ platforms and its SW, be
adviced it is possible to set up a Linux mailserver on an old pc (386, 8MB ram,
55MB disk minimum), hide it away and use it to catch spam and viruses with
known characteristics.

..new viruses with new and un-known characteristics will go thru' *all* virus
filters, which is why people buy anti-virus SW upgrades.
Evade this problem alltogether by going to Linux. The OS design philosophy
appears even more, ah, feudal, than Micro$oft's business practices, which cause
good safe code to be written failproof by people who take pride in just that.

..in November 98, I read about the first Linux virus, they are much harder to
write, besides, there is no rich man Gates to hit, this may also be a factor
among pranksters.

..so why am I still cluncking away on my 21'st installment of M$W95 on my box ?

Well, I've got this cheapo Dexxa 4800 dpi parallel port scanner with no Linux
drivers, and my w95 + Netscape installment *still!* works inside its wee li'l
167MB partition, possibly because it knows a few things about Zipdisks...

Arnt Karlsen

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From onar at con2.com Sat Feb 27 15:59:42 1999
From: onar at con2.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Onar_=C5m?=)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: MURDER on the Internet
Message-ID: <199902272109.QAA04628@admin.con2.com>

Tom, your analogy is vivid, but maybe somewhat too colored. If the happy99
virus kills by causing delays then the government is one of the biggest
killers in the world. Just think about traffic congestion. Millions of
people lose several minutes of their lives every day due to government toll
booths. If you commute 200 days per years, and every day you lose 7 minutes
due to toll booth delays, you lose a whole day of your life every year. If
this is the case for 30 million commuters every year then the government is
killing more than 1000 lives per year.

Onar.

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From sylva at iname.com Sun Feb 28 10:06:13 1999
From: sylva at iname.com (sylva@iname.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: Re: Update- Carbonising Sawdust.
Message-ID: <99022810081671.21395@weba7.iname.net>

Jim Dunham
At 18:56 26-02-99 -0700, you wrote:
>Susanne,
>
>We will try to help. We specialize in densification of biomass and have
>several methods and technologies available. We have pelletizing,
>briquetting, cubing, and extruding equipment.
I would like details of this equipment, however your email returns with a "protocol error", whether the fault is here or elsewhere I do not know!
AJH

---------------------------------------------------------
Get free personalized email at http://geocities.iname.com
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From owner-gasification at crest.org Sun Feb 28 13:02:32 1999
From: owner-gasification at crest.org (by way of Tom Miles <tmiles@teleport.com>)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:08:00 2004
Subject: GAS-L: BOUNCE gasification@crest.org: Admin request of type /^\s*which\s*$/i at line 7
Message-ID: <199902281802.NAA18598@solstice.crest.org>

From: "Art Krenzel" <phoenix@transport.com>
To: <gasification@crest.org>
Subject: Re: GAS-L: Carbonise Tree Trunks
Date: Sat, 27 Feb 1999 22:03:15 -0800
X-MSMail-Priority: Normal
X-Priority: 3
X-Mailer: Microsoft Internet Mail 4.70.1155
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Hi Dean,

> Hi Art - The tree trunks I have considered are in the order of at least 3
> feet in diameter with length optional. What do you think of the idea of
> drilling strategic holes around and down the length of the tree truck
which
> will expose the centre of the trunk and increase surface area?.

What is the limit to size reduction if you are willing to drill enough
holes to make swiss cheese out of the tree? A chainsaw is a pretty low
tech size reduction machine - much less energy intensive than drilling a
bunch of holes, no?
I guess
> splitting is an option, will inreacse surface area and make ease of
> handling, thought on this?.

The problems revolve around the exchange of time, temperature and thickness
of the wood. If you have thick wood, it takes alot more time and a higher
temperature to distill off the core products of decompostion than if the
wood pieces are thinner. 3 ft tree trunks can be carbonized in several
hours in an intense forest fire and might take days to weeks if the
temperatures are not so intensive. What exchange of time and money are you
willing to make to facilitate the formation of "large tree charcoal"?:)

Where in the world are you proposing to accomplish this?

Art Krenzel

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BioEnergy Lists: Gasifiers & Gasification

February 1999 Gasification Archive