January 2000 Gasification Archive

For more information to help people develop better stoves for cooking with biomass fuels in developing regions, please see our web site: http://www.bioenergylists.org

From larcon at sni.net Sun Jan 2 16:49:42 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Forwarding John Flottvik on charcoal reactor.
Message-ID: <v01540b02b4956ccadce6@[204.131.233.10]>

John: Thanks very much for a good set of answers. Good luck on the next steps.
on

>From: jovick@vogon.capescott.net
>Date: Wed, 31 Dec 1969 16:00:00 +0000
>MIME-Version: 1.0
>To: larcon@sni.net
>Subject: New improved charcoal reactor.
>X-Priority: 3 (Normal)
>Status: U
>
>Ron: Answers to your questions of 31st. Dec., E-mail to stoves.
>
>1. We are prepared to commence construction of our plant the instant the
>site location is finalised and financing secured. Very little testing is
>needed since the process was proven on a production basis years ago.
>Fine tuning for specific product quality will be done immediately the
>reactor is fired up. Instrumentation and control divices are standard to
>the thermal control industry and in use around the world in a multitude
>of applications using heat enrgy. Charcoal pellet fuel for existing
>pellet stoves will be produced as well as fines, from the very start.
>
>2. We will condense all volatiles out of the off-gases that can be
>recovered. The balance routed to the combustion chamber were anything
>combustible will be burned leaving only the carbon dioxide the plants
>took from the atmosphere while growing, as an emission. Thus the system
>is carbon dioxide neutral.
>
>3. The capital cost for a full size reactor with fines storage bins,
>fuel pellet and briquett size nugget pressing, drying, and packaging
>hall, we have determined at $1.1 million, CAN.; some component prices
>are estimates but very close ones. The versatility of our design
>however allows the reactors to be built to custom specifications.
>Smaller or with different ancillary options to supply charcoal at
>different stages of finishing. Such as a plant for fines only wouuld of
>course eliminate the entire pressing and drying line and be much less
>expensive. The reactors cannot be built larger, ie: higher with more
>retorts since this will severely cramp the efficiency, this was found
>out 40 years ago. If greater production capacity is desired the optimum
>way to achieve it is two reactors running in tandem. This can nicely be
>handled with no increase in operating personnel but it increases output
>tons by a factor of 2.25 instead of only doubling it. This also was
>revealed 40 years ago and attributed then to better sawdust drying.
>
>4. The individual working on the development and production specs. for
>this thing is the last living specimen of those few who 40 years ago had
>precise hands-on production and construction experience. Very shortly
>after joining the company operating the only continuous production
>closed reatort reactors ever to have existed then or since, to our
>knowledge, our production man became the chief reactor operator for
>them. He has "turned the wrenches" so's to speak, on every aspect of
>erection and control of the huge machines they had then; meditated on
>the cumbersomebnesss of them, as well as the vast capital expenditures
>required and came up with a muuch improved, much less costly, pollution
>free, (in the old days the gases were vented directly into the air with
>no consideration given to precipitate recovery or pollution standards,
>there was none), reactor that will enable pre-determined quality of the
>end product. This latter was something of a hit or miss proposition
>then because of the size of the retorts and the reliance on gravity to
>feed the raw material through them. He initiated as much of the
>re-design then as was possisble given the enormity of the reactors; a
>revolutionary sawdust dryer using a vertical cone to replace the old
>horizontal rotary kiln type is an example. (This dryer innovation
>succeeded to the point of near charcoal production in the cone itself,
>but the mechanics behind the technique seems to have been lost to
>everyone concerned with material drying but ourselves.)
>
>In the interval between 40 years ago and now our man has been heavily
>involved in building automated production machines and systems fo the
>forest products industry and is currently a government license
>electrical desgn and installation contractor.
>
>Hope this helps. Keep asking, we'll answer all we can.
>Best of the new century to you.
>
>John, at J.F. Ventures Ltd.

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From larcon at sni.net Wed Jan 12 08:28:30 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Forwarding Bates 0n Boiling Point 44
Message-ID: <v01540b00b4a225035427@[204.131.233.48]>

Stovers - The following should be enough information for some list members
to contribute as requested.

Liz - Congratulations on your growing membership. You have a very helpful
publication.

>From: Liz Bates <elizabethb@itdg.org.uk>
>To: "'owner-stoves-digest@crest.org'" <owner-stoves-digest@crest.org>
>Subject: Boiling Point 44
>Date: Mon, 10 Jan 2000 15:46:26 -0000
>MIME-Version: 1.0
>
>
>Dear Mr Larsen
>
>Could I please ask you to put out my regular six-monthly request for
>articles for the next edition of Boiling Point. This time it seems to
>have come round rather more quickly than I could believe!
>Thank you
>Liz
>................
>Dear stoves-net members
>
>This letter is to ask you all to consider writing an article for the
>journal 'Boiling Point'. Our readership has grown a lot in the last
>couple of years; we have already dispatched over 1600 copies of the last
>edition. It is a good way of ensuring that the work you do reaches a lot
>of people, especially at field level, raising the profile of projects
>internationally.
>
>I am currently seeking articles for the next edition, whose theme is:
>'Linking household energy with other development objectives'. It is
>important to look at projects as being a way of improving the quality of
>life for communities rather than as technical interventions. This
>edition will examine ways in which household energy considerations can
>be part of other development sectors such as forestry, building, health
>etc. and the social, economic and technical benefits of such an
>approach.
>
>If you feel that you would like to write an article for this edition,
>please contact me directly at <lizb@itdg.org.uk>. Articles should be
>about1500 words in length. Illustrations, such as drawings, photos, bar
>charts etc. are essential. Ideally, I would like to have all material
>for this edition by mid-March. I'd also welcome names of other possible
>authors, if you are too busy yourself....or articles written for other
>reasons which you'd like me to adapt for BP and send back to you for
>your comments/approval.
>
>Below is a list of some potential topics for this edition, but it is not
>exhaustive, so if you want to write about other aspects, please don't
>feel inhibited by it.
>Thank you
>Liz Bates
>
>Potential topics for BP44
>
>Linking household energy with other development objectives
>
>* Linking HHE with other sectors
>* agriculture/fishing
>* integrated building approaches
>* environment
>* forestry
>* health
>* small enterprise/cottage industry
>* waste & recycling
>* water
>* HHE in conflict situations
>* Linkage mechanisms
>* benefits
>* at field level
>* for NGOs
>* fundraising perspective on cross-sectoral projects
>* project design
>* the place of HHE in development
>* Case studies
>
>
>Liz Bates
>lizb@itdg.org.uk
>Intermediate Technology Development Group
>Schumacher Centre for Technology Development
>Bourton Hall
>Bourton On Dunsmore
>Warwickshire
>CV23 9QZ
>Tel: +44 - 01788 661100
>Fax: +44 - 01788 661101
>http://www.oneworld.org/itdg
>http:/www.itdg.org.pe
>
>Company Reg. No 871954, England
>Charity No 247257
>
>
>
>
><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
><HTML>
><HEAD>
><META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
><META NAME="Generator" CONTENT="MS Exchange Server version 5.5.1960.3">
><TITLE>Boiling Point 44</TITLE>
></HEAD>
><BODY>
> 
>
>Dear Mr Larsen
>
>
>Could I please ask you to put out my regular
>six-monthly request for articles for the next edition of Boiling Point.
>This time it seems to have come round rather more quickly than I could
>believe!
>
>Thank you
> Liz 
> ................
> Dear stoves-net members
>
>
>This letter is to ask you all to consider
>writing an article for the journal 'Boiling Point'. Our readership has
>grown a lot in the last couple of years; we have already dispatched over
>1600 copies of the last edition. It is a good way of ensuring that the
>work you do reaches a lot of people, especially at field level, raising
>the profile of projects internationally. 
>
>I am currently seeking articles for the next
>edition, whose theme is: 'Linking household energy with other development
>objectives'.  It is important to look at projects as being a way of
>improving the quality of life for communities rather than as technical
>interventions. This edition will examine ways in which household energy
>considerations can be part of other development sectors such as forestry,
>building, health etc. and the social, economic and technical benefits of
>such an approach.
>
>If you feel that you would like to write an
>article for this edition, please contact me directly at
><lizb@itdg.org.uk>.  Articles should be about1500 words in
>length. Illustrations, such as drawings, photos, bar charts etc. are
>essential. Ideally, I would like to have all material for this edition by
>mid-March. I'd also welcome names of other possible authors, if you are
>too busy yourself....or articles written for other reasons which you'd
>like me to adapt for BP and send back to you for your
>comments/approval.
>
>Below is a list of some potential topics for
>this edition, but it is not exhaustive, so if you want to write about
>other aspects, please don't feel inhibited by it.
>
>Thank you
> Liz Bates
>
>
>Potential topics for BP44
>
>
>Linking household energy with other
>development objectives
>
>
><UL><LI>Linking HHE with other
>sectors</LI>
>
><UL><LI>agriculture/fishing</LI>
><LI>integrated building
>approaches</LI>
><LI>environment</LI>
><LI>forestry</LI>
><LI>health</LI>
><LI>small enterprise/cottage
>industry</LI>
><LI>waste & recycling</LI>
><LI>water</LI>
><LI>HHE in conflict situations</LI>
></UL><LI>Linkage mechanisms</LI>
>
><UL><LI>benefits</LI>
><LI>at field level</LI>
><LI>for NGOs</LI>
><LI>fundraising perspective on
>cross-sectoral projects</LI>
><LI>project design</LI>
><LI>the place of HHE in
>development</LI>
></UL><LI>Case studies</LI>
> 
> 
></UL>
>Liz Bates
> lizb@itdg.org.uk
> Intermediate Technology Development Group
> Schumacher Centre for Technology
>Development
> Bourton Hall
> Bourton On Dunsmore
> Warwickshire
> CV23 9QZ
> Tel:  +44 - 01788 661100
> Fax: +44 - 01788 661101
> <A
>HREF="http://www.oneworld.org/itdg"
>TARGET="_blank">http://www.oneworld.org/itdg</A>
> <A
>HREF="http:/www.itdg.org.pe"
>TARGET="_blank">http:/www.itdg.org.pe</A>
>
>
>Company Reg. No 871954, England
> Charity No 247257
>
> 
> 
>
></BODY>
></HTML>
>

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

From pdg at del2.vsnl.net.in Sat Jan 15 06:22:22 2000
From: pdg at del2.vsnl.net.in (P D Grover)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Drying of Sawdust
Message-ID: <000001bf5f4d$9d756420$123b36ca@cms.pdgdel2.vsnl.net.in>

15th Jan., 2000

Elsen L. Karstad
P.O. Box 24371
Nairobi Kenya
Tel / fax (+2542) 884437

Sub: Drying of Sawdust

Elsen L. Karstad

One way to dry sawdust without using a fan is to
use the heat from the chimney of the furnace where volatiles are burnt and use
its hot surface.

The technique is to provide continuous spiral
slide around the chimney with a slope having an angle of about 500
(equivalent to angle of repose for sawdust for sliding on an inclined surface).
This spiral is covered with another circular jacket.

The sawdust is added slowly from the top and
collected at the bottom. The extent of drying depends upon its initial moisture
content, rate of sawdust addition, chimney temperature at its wall and the time
the saw dust spends on the spiral (Residence time ). To start with residence
time of 20 minutes may be taken.

If the spiral is flushed with the outer wall of
the chimney it also acts as heat transfer fin conducting heat and supplying it
the contact sawdust. The space between fins should be sufficient and only 10 -
15 % of the volume should be filled by saw dust. The rest of the empty space is
meant for water vapour and natural convective air to escape. Hope you find this
information useful.

Prof. P.D. Grover
(Ex. Head Chem. Eng. Dept. IIT Delhi)

****************************************************
IRP Energy Consultants
44, Community Centre
East of Kailash
New Delhi - 110 065 (India)

Tele: 623 5026, 8840
Fax : 91-11-621 8273 Attn: P.D. Grover
****************************************************

From Reedtb2 at cs.com Sat Jan 15 08:41:01 2000
From: Reedtb2 at cs.com (Reedtb2@cs.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Drying of Sawdust
Message-ID: <aa.523429.25b1d423@cs.com>

Dear Grover et al:

The spiral slide around the chimney is VERY ingenious.

I remember visiting a sawdust pyrolysis plant in which there was a spiral
vibratory chute. With the correct pitch and an off center motor-shaker (or
could be magnetic drive as in vibratory feeders) the sawdust walked UP the
chute. If the chimney was in the middle, the hottest part of the chimney
would contact the wet sawdust, then dry it as it walked UP, and the sawdust
would then exit the chute at the low temperature part of the chimney, thus
avoiding "blue haze" (a counterflow arrangement rather than co-flow).

Nice to hear from Prof. Grover, one of our most ingeneous biomass energy
implementers recently starting a new "midlife" (we hope) career. I hope with
part of the career he will continue to give good advice here at CREST. He
also turned out many good students in biomass.

Yours truly, TOM REED BEF

In a message dated 1/15/00 4:32:32 AM Mountain Standard Time,
pdg@del2.vsnl.net.in writes:

<<
Sub: Drying of Sawdust

Elsen L. Karstad

One way to dry sawdust without using a fan is to use the heat from the
chimney of the furnace where volatiles are burnt and use its hot surface.

The technique is to provide continuous spiral slide around the chimney with
a slope having an angle of about 500 (equivalent to angle of repose for
sawdust for sliding on an inclined surface). This spiral is covered with
another circular jacket.

The sawdust is added slowly from the top and collected at the bottom. The
extent of drying depends upon its initial moisture content, rate of sawdust
addition, chimney temperature at its wall and the time the saw dust spends on
the spiral (Residence time ). To start with residence time of 20 minutes may
be taken.

If the spiral is flushed with the outer wall of the chimney it also acts as
heat transfer fin conducting heat and supplying it the contact sawdust. The
space between fins should be sufficient and only 10 - 15 % of the volume
should be filled by saw dust. The rest of the empty space is meant for water
vapour and natural convective air to escape. Hope you find this information
useful.

Prof. P.D. Grover

(Ex. Head Chem. Eng. Dept. IIT Delhi)
>>
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
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Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
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http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
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From elk at net2000ke.com Sat Jan 15 10:55:30 2000
From: elk at net2000ke.com (Elsen Karstad)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Drying Sawdust
Message-ID: <200001151603.TAA08306@net2000ke.com>

Many thanks (and Happy New Year)!Your recommendation on drying sawdust sounds good enough to take priority in my upcoming R&D work.It's unbelievable how long it takes to sun-dry a 3-ton pile of sawdust! Up to three-weeks even if turned daily & spread out 25 cm deep.A couple of questions- what do you mean by <a slope having an angle of about 500 >?The wall of the chimney gets to almost glowing-hot (in fact it probably does glow, I just haven't run a test at night). This will carbonise the sawdust with probable adhesion to the inner wall & result in bridging. I can't visualize how I could get the material through the system fast enough to both avoid obstruction AND be assured of homogenous drying. Suggestions?Is the rate of flow determined by manually controlled offtake from the bottom of the spiral jacket?Regards;elk~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Elsen L. Karstad , P.O. Box 24371 Nairobi Kenyaelk@net2000ke.com tel/fax (+ 254 2) 884437

From ollyb_s at hotmail.com Mon Jan 17 19:56:44 2000
From: ollyb_s at hotmail.com (Joly B)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: regarding the energy efficiency on water heater
Message-ID: <200001180056.TAA20315@solstice.crest.org>

To whom it may concern,
>
>I'm undergraduate in malaysia and currently doing my final year project on
>
>"Creating an energy efficiency standard and labeling on
>'water heater'. however, I still do not know to begin this project
>and lack of information.
>
>1.What are the criteria or qualification for an energy efficient of
> water heater.
>
>2.How do the testing experiment being conducted and what are these
>testing parameter ( e.g. power consumption)?
>
>3.The way your company classified the performance and energy star
> of water heater.
>
>4. The formula use to standardizing the water heater?
>
>5.Sources that I can go to seek more information.
>
>I hope hear from you as soon as possible.
>Thank you for your co-operation.
>
>Joly B. Basandah
>Email Address: ollyb_s@hotmail.com
______________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com

From pdg at del2.vsnl.net.in Tue Jan 18 04:57:22 2000
From: pdg at del2.vsnl.net.in (P D Grover)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: No Subject
Message-ID: <000101bf619d$4ba92800$846236ca@cms.pdgdel2.vsnl.net.in>

18th Jan., 2000

Dear Reed Tom

Thanks for your compliments. It shall be my pleasure to do
whatever I can for the CREST. Any programme of coming to India.

I have tentative plans to visit my sons in U.S.A. during April
/ May this year. May be I get a chance to meet you then.

Presently, we are working on the pyrolysis / gasification of
biomass like cashew nut kernal shells in rotary reactor to get char and gases.
The pyrolysis gases are then catalytically and thermally cracked over synthetic
char briquettes to get tar free gases. This two stage gasification will
eliminate the need to wash out tars producing liquid effluent which is one of
the major drawbacks of present biomass gasification unit. Comments / suggestions
are welcomed.

Professor P.D. Grover
(Ex. Head Chem. Eng. Dept. and Dean IIT Delhi)
Chief Technical Advisor

****************************************************
CMS Energy Systems (P) Ltd.
44, Community Centre
East of Kailash
New Delhi - 110 065 (India)

Tele: 623 5026, 8840
Fax : 91-11-621 8273 Attn: P.D. Grover
****************************************************

From elk at net2000ke.com Tue Jan 18 10:32:33 2000
From: elk at net2000ke.com (Elsen Karstad)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Drying Sawdust
Message-ID: <200001181538.SAA30979@net2000ke.com>

A
The slight air gap between the projection a and chimney outer wall will provide thermal resistance to lower the temperature in the annulus area of the spiral. Also it will prevent the saw dust touching the hot surface of the outer chimney wall. You should provide along the length the spiral a flexible steel wire from feed to discharge end, which can be manually pulled up & down to shake the saw dust to take care of choking. Putting the wire through guides and provided with small lateral projection to act as stirrer will be useful.The feed rate will be determined by the rate of manual addition with shaking of the flexible wire.You cannot expect homogeneous drying of all the saw dust. Some will be over dried and other portions will be under dried. However, the average moisture content can be obtained to the desired level provided the discharged saw dust is well mixed.Prof. Reed has given a very practical solution (that is moving saw dust up the spiral by vibratory motion) but then you require power. It power is available one can use a flash / rotary drier. Could you kindly tell me what is the ultimate use of dry saw dust you are having. Is it briquetting or any other? If briquetting you need to use machines which require power. Prof. P.D. Grover (Ex. Head Chem. Eng. Dept. IIT Delhi) ****************************************************IRP Energy Consultants44, Community CentreEast of KailashNew Delhi - 110 065 (India)Tele: 623 5026, 8840Fax : 91-11-621 8273 Attn: P.D. Grover****************************************************

From jovick at capescott.net Tue Jan 18 17:44:55 2000
From: jovick at capescott.net (jovick)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Dryer for sawdust.
Message-ID: <200001182244.RAA17022@solstice.crest.org>

Dear Elsen

I'm new to the stoves,computers and = most of all email, but i'm getting better.

We have developed a continious process = charcoal reactor that will go into
production soon.The full size unit will = convert 120 wet ton into about 20 ton
of charcoal per 24 hr's. 18 retorts per = unit,but small 1 retort units can be
made using our continious = process.

The design we have is a takeoff from a continious(way ahead of its time)
reactor opperating here in British = Culombia 40 years ago.
I have the fortune to have the only = person left alive doday who worked on,
built a second reactor and has hands on = experiance to make charcoal in
large quantitys and to handle red hot = char as it exits the reactor.

The dryer they used back then was a = trail &earor thing and they came up
with the following,The best way to = explain it would be,it looked like a
upside down icecream cone 30 ft high.A = blower at the bottom along with
a hot air intake from the reactor would = take sawdust augerd in and blow
it around inside As the sawdust got = drier it would fly around higer&higer
and finaly be sucked into the scyclone = sitting above the reactor.

With our reactor being a continious = process we can make huge amounts
of steam thus running turbines for = making electricity.
We are once our patten is in place = hoping to sell reactors globaly.
our design makes these reactors totaly enviromentaly friendly,collecting
all the by products rather than adding = to global warming.
I would be glad to answer any questions = you or anyone else might have
For now this is see you .

John Flottvik
J.F.Ventures ltd
P.O.129,Coal Harbour
British Culombia Canada. von-1ko
Phone = 250)949-9795
Fax = 250)949-9722
email jovick@capescott.net

From Reedtb2 at cs.com Thu Jan 20 07:29:31 2000
From: Reedtb2 at cs.com (Reedtb2@cs.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: THE CHEMICAL HISTORY OF A CANDLE
Message-ID: <35.8967c6.25b85b0f@cs.com>

Dear Firebugs:

Emerson said that everything is made of the same secret stuff. I take this
to mean that the principles are all the same, the applications hide the
principles so we have to be clever to find them.

There was a wildly popular set of Christmas Lectures at the Royal Society in
London, ostensibly for children, but parents fought for seats.

One of the most popular lectures was "The Chemical History of a Candle" given
by Michael Faraday and published as a book in 1861. I had a copy which I
lost many years ago. I came across it in paperback at Amazon.com and have
been re-reading it.

If I want to teach anyone about combustion, I start with the candle - so
familiar, and yet so little understood. I doubt if anyone yet has an exact
model of combustion in the candle, but it is easy to understand qualitatively
all the pieces involved in such a model.

I highly recommend this entertaining book to anyone interested in any aspect
of combustion.

Yours truly, TOM REED BEF PREDD
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
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Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
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From DMcilveenw at aol.com Thu Jan 20 08:56:50 2000
From: DMcilveenw at aol.com (DMcilveenw@aol.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: GAS-L: THE CHEMICAL HISTORY OF A CANDLE
Message-ID: <3d.6fc7a9.25b86f7d@aol.com>

In a message dated 20/01/00 12:38:19 GMT, you write:

<<
There was a wildly popular set of Christmas Lectures at the Royal Society in
London, ostensibly for children, but parents fought for seats.
>>

They are shown on TV, for about a week during the holidays, and are still
very popular with kids and adults.

David McIlveen-Wright,
NICERT
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
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From tmiles at teleport.com Thu Jan 20 22:18:35 2000
From: tmiles at teleport.com (Tom Miles)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Fwd: GP: MANUFACTURES, ENERGY FROM RESIDUES (SUGAR BEET INDUSTRY) (fwd)
Message-ID: <4.3.0.25.20000120185925.01b25330@mail.teleport.com>

>Date: Thu, 20 Jan 2000 13:41:41 +0100
>From: "[iso-8859-1] Jeszs Alonso Gonzalez" <j.alonso@ufisa.es>
>To: Green-Power <green-power@crest.org>
>Subject: GP: MANUFACTURES, ENERGY FROM RESIDUES (SUGAR BEET INDUSTRY)
>
>We are looking for commercial manufacturers of boilers for burning
>residues from sugar beet industry. The residue comes from the preparation
>of the sugar and its characteristics are as follows:
>
>LHV: 8374-9211 KJ/Kg
>
>Water Content: 35% wt
>
>Composition:
>
>Organic Matter: 65-72%
>
>Proteins: 30%
>
>Ashes: 28%
>
>K: 7,3%
>
>Na: 3,7%
>
>Ca: 0,45%
>
>Mg: 0,15%
>
>We would need a manufacturer (able to supply its products in Spain) with
>commercial references of burning this type of product (with guarantees).
>
>Regarding the amount of residue, we would need two options:
>
>Option 1: 40000 tonnes/year
>
>Option 2: 120000 tonnes/year
>
>(Between 2,5-7,5 MWe approx.)
>
>Furthermore we would analyse the possibility of implementing (instead of a
>"classic steam boiler") a gasification power plant. So if there are any
>company with a COMMERCIAL GASIFICATION TECHONLOGY OF THIS RESIDUE, it
>would be analysed.
>
>Our intention is to produce electricity. Otherwise, if it is not possible,
>we will go to eliminate the residue by incineration without production of
>electricity.
>
>Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
>
>Best Regards,
>
>Jesus Alonso

From antal at wiliki.eng.hawaii.edu Fri Jan 21 12:44:55 2000
From: antal at wiliki.eng.hawaii.edu (Michael Antal)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Fwd: GP: MANUFACTURES, ENERGY FROM RESIDUES (SUGAR BEET INDUSTRY) (fwd)
In-Reply-To: <4.3.0.25.20000120185925.01b25330@mail.teleport.com>
Message-ID: <Pine.HPX.4.03.10001210748490.25426-100000@wiliki.eng.hawaii.edu>

Dear Mr. Gonzalez: your sugar beet residues would obtain a higher value if
they were processed to make charcoal briquettes. I can provide to you a
technical paper on this approach, and you can discuss licensing the
technology with the University of Hawaii's Office of Technology Transfer
and Economic Development. Regards, Professor Michael Antal.

On Thu, 20 Jan 2000, Tom Miles wrote:

>
> >Date: Thu, 20 Jan 2000 13:41:41 +0100
> >From: "[iso-8859-1] Jeszs Alonso Gonzalez" <j.alonso@ufisa.es>
> >To: Green-Power <green-power@crest.org>
> >Subject: GP: MANUFACTURES, ENERGY FROM RESIDUES (SUGAR BEET INDUSTRY)
> >
> >We are looking for commercial manufacturers of boilers for burning
> >residues from sugar beet industry. The residue comes from the preparation
> >of the sugar and its characteristics are as follows:
> >
> >LHV: 8374-9211 KJ/Kg
> >
> >Water Content: 35% wt
> >
> >Composition:
> >
> >Organic Matter: 65-72%
> >
> >Proteins: 30%
> >
> >Ashes: 28%
> >
> >K: 7,3%
> >
> >Na: 3,7%
> >
> >Ca: 0,45%
> >
> >Mg: 0,15%
> >
> >We would need a manufacturer (able to supply its products in Spain) with
> >commercial references of burning this type of product (with guarantees).
> >
> >Regarding the amount of residue, we would need two options:
> >
> >Option 1: 40000 tonnes/year
> >
> >Option 2: 120000 tonnes/year
> >
> >(Between 2,5-7,5 MWe approx.)
> >
> >Furthermore we would analyse the possibility of implementing (instead of a
> >"classic steam boiler") a gasification power plant. So if there are any
> >company with a COMMERCIAL GASIFICATION TECHONLOGY OF THIS RESIDUE, it
> >would be analysed.
> >
> >Our intention is to produce electricity. Otherwise, if it is not possible,
> >we will go to eliminate the residue by incineration without production of
> >electricity.
> >
> >Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
> >
> >Best Regards,
> >
> >Jesus Alonso
>
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
> Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
> Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
> Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
> http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
> For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm
>

From costaeec at kcnet.com Fri Jan 21 15:31:47 2000
From: costaeec at kcnet.com (Jim Dunham)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Drying sawdust and chips.
Message-ID: <006801bf644f$94a812a0$c965f0d1@default>

We usually use rotary drum dryers or vertical
air-suspension dryers for drying sawdust prior to briquetting. These are rather
pricey, and not practical for small scale operations.

The least expensive system would probably be a farm-type grain
bin with perforated floor, stirring device (such as Sukup Stirator) and fan
(heater optional). Wet sawdust will compact and increase static preasure,
requiring a centrifugal fan rather than farm-type axial fan. Such bins are
available in sizes ranging from 18' diameter to 48'. Sizing of fans and heaters
determines drying speed and cost.
Automatic loading and
unloading is optional.

Hope this will be of help.

Jim Dunham
Enviro Corp
Kansas City, MO
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-LEFT: #000000 solid 2px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px">
-----Original Message-----From:
T J Stubbing <<A
href="mailto:heat-win@cwcom.net">heat-win@cwcom.net>To: <A
href="mailto:elk@net2000ke.com">elk@net2000ke.com <<A
href="mailto:elk@net2000ke.com">elk@net2000ke.com>Cc:
stoves <<A
href="mailto:stoves@crest.org">stoves@crest.org>Date:
Thursday, November 25, 1999 7:13 AMSubject: Re: Drying
sawdust and chips.Dear Elsen and Stovers,
Elsen Karstad wrote:
Sten Jorgensen is battling with the same
problem I have. I too need to bring the sawdust moisture level down to
15% or lower in order to combust the volatiles (white smoke) produced
during carbonisation. Sten needs low moisture levels in order to bind
the sawdust & chips into
briquettes.Sten and I are corresponding on
the drying of the sawdust and chips he is able then to compact.
I have a heat source- the flared
volatiles.These pyrolysis gases are
produced after drying (the main energy consumer) has taken place and
pyrolysis has begun.
You can achieve use of those gases' energy for drying only if you have
two process chambers operating sequentially, one drying and one pyrolysing.
If you used a continuous process the same would apply because if you dry
and pyrolyse in, for example, one rotary louvre dryer (which by keeping the
sawdust/chips moving as the drying medium passes through them ensures
uniform heat and mass transfer), you couldn't avoid mixing water vapour with
the pyrolysis gases and if they are mixed those gases won't burn.
You would therefore need two rotary louvre dryers, one drying the wood
chips and/or sawdust in superheated steam and the second pyrolysing the
dried output and venting most of the pyrolysis gases into the first dryer's
stove from which some of the combustion gases would be diverted into the
second dryer's indirect heater to maintain the pyrolysis temperature.
The question is what is the most appropriate
(simple & cheap) form of drier. Unless anyone has a better idea, I
plan to make a batch-type perforated bed drier using forced hot air from
beneath an initial load of, say, 500 kg
(wet).The trouble with using air is that,
once the sawdust is dry, if the air is hot enough to pyrolyse it, it will
burn it, i.e. the air will immediately ignite the pyrolysis gases as happens
in a stove. This is why we are drying wood, etc., in recirculating
superheated steam instead of air and, once the volume of pyrolysis gases
being generated has displaced and replaced the machine's steam atmosphere,
using recirculating pyrolysis gases as the heat and mass transfer medium.
Air is excluded throughout.
During drying steam is vented and can be condensed to recover the
evaporative energy for re-use, e.g. to heat and air through-flow which can
be used to remove some of the moisture in a conventional pre-dryer.
During subsequent pyrolysis of the dried material, hot, virtually steam-free
pyrolysis gases are vented which can then be burnt easily and their
combustion gases' thermal energy used to dry the next load of moist material
ready for it in turn to be pyrolysed.
What I don't like about this is the reliance
on a fan to force the air through the mass of sawdust to be dried. I'd
rather be off the grid. Natural convection and/or radiated heat just
doesn't seem to be sufficient here.With
our test dryer we are "off grid" as we are using 12 v batteries to
power our recirculation fan and shall do the same with the 1,000 kg moist
weight capacity split log dryer/charcoal maker we have now designed and
intend to build. Heat is and will be supplied by a wood burning stove.

We are also looking into using a Stirling engine heated by our dryer's
indirect heater's flue gases to generate the electricity needed to operate
the fan, thus eliminanting the need for 12 v batteries.
Suggestions
anyone?I've done my best to help and hope
to do better once we have our larger batch machine up and running and also a
larger rotary louvre demonstration dryer built and working.
elk
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Elsen
L. Karstad , P.O. Box 24371 Nairobi Kenya elk@net2000ke.com tel/fax (+ 254 2)
884437
I'm sorry this response is complicated, but I know of no simpler way
of achieving your objectives.
Regards,
Thomas
P.S. For those who are wondering about using superheated steam as a
drying medium and why it seems to work well, I am adding below an extract
from a recent 'sent' message:
"We know that it has twice the specific heat as air, so when a given
weight of it impinges on a moist product it will remove twice as much
moisture while using the same fan power when its temperature falls by
the same number of degrees, but this doesn't explain why it can dry things
in as little as a tenth of the time taken in a hot air dryer.
The explanation must therefore lie conceptually within the following:
1.In the absence of air there is no humid air boundary layer
to inhibit rapid evaporation. 2.As moist ambient
temperature products enter our machines' steam atmosphere, some of the
steam condenses on them, heating them rapidly
to 100 C. (The overall energy use effect of
this is, of course, neutral.) 3.At 100 C water has no
surface tension, so droplets having a very high heat transfer surface
area to volume ratio are more easily released
from the products into the recirculating
superheated steam atmosphere where they quickly evaporate.
4.Water has a substantially lower viscosity at 100 C than at the 30 to 40 C
attained by product moisture in a hot air dryer
(that 30 to 40 C being the typical saturation temperature of the
impingement air in and efficient conventional
dryer). The lower viscosity assists 3. above and
also speeds up the movement of moisture from
within the product to its evaporative surface. 5.In the
case of cellular products such as wood chips, moisture trapped within
unbroken airtight cells remains there until the
cells themselves have been heated to slightly above 100 C so that
the pressure caused by the beginning of steam
formation ruptures the cells' walls and allows
the drying medium to impinge on their still moist interiors. In the
light of 3. and 4. above this clearly occurs
more rapidly when the drying medium is superheated steam.
A fully equipped airless dryer has three heat exchangers:
a) The indirect heater, which
transfers 80 to 85% of the thermal energy from hot combustion
gases
into the recirculating steam atmosphere while the remaining 15 to 20%
emerges as flue
gases
from the heater),
b) The product, to which all of the
thermal energy previously transferred into the

recirculating steam atmosphere except for the structural loss, i.e. the
thermal energy lost

through the dryer's thermal insulation (typically less than 10%) is
transferred, and
c) The condenser in which, if the
condensate emerging from it is at the temperature of the

original moist product input, all of the thermal energy recieved by the
moisture

evaporated from the product is transferred to a cooling medium such as air
or water.
For the reasons set out in 1. to 5. above, an airless dryer is typically
not more than half the size of a conventional hot air dryer with the
same dried product output. As a result, although a 'same size'
airless dryer costs around 35% more than a conventional machine, its
cost to output ratio is more favourable when the drying time is halved,
the scale of that advantage increasing substantially if, for example,
drying is between three and ten times as fast. "

From ticu at rdsor.ro Sat Jan 22 05:50:02 2000
From: ticu at rdsor.ro (Cornel Ticarat)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Asking for pyrolysis gas burner.
Message-ID: <MAPI.Id.0016.00696375202020203030303430303034@MAPI.to.RFC822>

Dear list members,

I plan to make a retort for producing charcoal. As may be you know, there is a great amount of pyrolysis gas resulting from the process. One can use this gas in order to get more heat that is needed in the process, adding it to the basic fuel used. Does anyone have an idea on the most efficient gas burner type for me to use? Thank's.

Cornel

From heat-win at cwcom.net Sun Jan 23 09:06:31 2000
From: heat-win at cwcom.net (T J Stubbing)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Asking for pyrolysis gas burner.
In-Reply-To: <MAPI.Id.0016.00696375202020203030303430303034@MAPI.to.RFC822>
Message-ID: <388B0CC4.800C923C@cwcom.net>

Dear Mr Ticarat,

We are now using a wood burning stove to heat our charcoal making process to avoid the use of fossil fuels and, when smoke is being produced simply use the stove with its glowing embers to burn it and thus utilise its energy.

Regards,

Thomas J Stubbing

Cornel Ticarat wrote:

> Dear list members,
>
> I plan to make a retort for producing charcoal. As may be you know, there is a great amount of pyrolysis gas resulting from the process. One can use this gas in order to get more heat that is needed in the process, adding it to the basic fuel used. Does anyone have an idea on the most efficient gas burner type for me to use? Thank's.
>
> Cornel
>
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
> Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
> Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
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From woodcoal at mailbox.alkor.ru Mon Jan 24 08:47:53 2000
From: woodcoal at mailbox.alkor.ru (Woodcoal)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: =?iso-8859-5?B?vuLS1eI6IEFza2luZyBmb3IgcHlyb2x5c2lzIGdhcyBidXJuZXIu?=
Message-ID: <01bf6671$d5b66020$LocalHost@22>

I confirm, that the gas and vapor can be given to a wood furnace on a tube
without a nozzle and they shine well together with fire wood. Such system
will be utillized in ours charcoaling.
Yury Yudkevitch

From elk at net2000ke.com Mon Jan 24 11:14:18 2000
From: elk at net2000ke.com (Elsen Karstad)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Drying Sawdust- and carboniser improvements (?)
Message-ID: <200001241616.TAA15299@net2000ke.com>

Jim Dunham's advice on how to dry sawdust cuts to the quick of this issue- if a forced-air system is to be used to dry sawdust with hot air, then some sort of stirring mechanism is required. Fortunately, there are several million stirrers available here in Kenya. That's one of the brighter sides of starting new projects here- being able to provide an income to people. Currently, on average in Kenya, one person's salary supports 8 dependents.Thanks for the advice Jim- it comes from some very hands-on experience I see....Pete Young has just breezed through Nairobi and came to see the charcoaling work I'm doing. His comments and advice have galvanized me into a long overdue flurry of activity. The big 5-kiln downdraft sawdust carboniser has just gotten a bit bigger- with the addition of 2 more meters to the chimney height (now made of 8 steel drums welded end-to-end), and a much larger secondary air inlet pipe that injects into the combustion chamber at the base of the chimney. The air will enter at an angle now, hopefully mixing the volatile gasses more efficiently in a swirling manner. Pete said that combustion efficiency depends primarily on three things- 1) dwell time (the longer the better) 2) heat (the hotter the better) and 3) efficient mixing. My 'carburetor' in the stone and cement base of the chimney will hopefully become more efficient- and the added chimney height should add to the flue vacuum, created by the flared volatiles, that pulls the hot gasses down through the 5 perforated ceramic-bottomed beds of carbonising sawdust.It works- but it can work better!elk~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Elsen L. Karstad , P.O. Box 24371 Nairobi Kenyaelk@net2000ke.com tel/fax (+ 254 2) 884437

From larcon at sni.net Sat Jan 29 05:44:11 2000
From: larcon at sni.net (Ronal W. Larson)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Off to Kyrgyzstan and an appeal
Message-ID: <v01540b01b4b85eab80f7@[204.131.233.12]>

Stovers:

1. Alex English is again in charge of "stoves". I leave on Jan.
30 and return about March 9.
This time I help my wife as she is the chief volunteer helping a
small pottery factory in Osh, Kyrgyzstan develop new (and improve old)
ceramic tourist items. This is for a tourist influx hoped to be coming to
celebrate Osh's 3000th anniversary (along the historic "Silk Road").
Maybe I will have time to do some charcoal-making stove development
- but that won't be the priority.

2. I am working with two people at the University of Colorado on
the indoor air quality aspects of simple cookstoves. They are just getting
started, so I hope that anyone wanting to offer advice on new and improved
emissions monitoring techniques will communicate with Stefan Eisen at
<eisen@Colorado.EDU> (with a copy to <milford@spot.colorado.edu>). The
cooking and charcoal-making construction details and efficiencies of stoves
are not their prime topics at this time - only IAQ methodologies. Any new
ideas? (include copies to the list I hope.)

Ronal W. Larson, PhD
21547 Mountsfield Dr.
Golden, CO 80401, USA
303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
larcon@sni.net

From english at adan.kingston.net Sat Jan 29 08:43:10 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: IAQ Ambient Particulate Sampling
In-Reply-To: <v01540b01b4b85eab80f7@[204.131.233.12]>
Message-ID: <200001291342.IAA14591@adan.kingston.net>

Dear Stovers,
Ron has brought up the topic of Indoor Air Quality monitoring.
Aprovecho is working with Rogerio Miranda of Prolena, in
Nicaragua, and they would also like advise on all aspects of stoves
emissions testing. It is difficult to accomplish much with out first
investing a significant amount of money in equiptment. One exception
might be ambient particulate sampling. I have had some success
measuring Total Condensible Particulates in flue gasses with a home
made device, suitable filters and a sensitive scale. With ambient
air monitoring they would want to measure PM10 or in some way limit
the bias which larger particles would have on monitoring
exposures associated with a stove. In this case a sensitive scale
(+/- .001 grams) may be the only costly piece of equiptment required.
It would not have to be purchased if the use of one could be arranged
and the samples transported.

If someone has a paper available on this topic, I would be willing to
try and put it on the Stoves webpage.

Regards, Alex

> 2. I am working with two people at the University of Colorado on
> the indoor air quality aspects of simple cookstoves. They are just getting
> started, so I hope that anyone wanting to offer advice on new and improved
> emissions monitoring techniques will communicate with Stefan Eisen at
> <eisen@Colorado.EDU> (with a copy to <milford@spot.colorado.edu>). The
> cooking and charcoal-making construction details and efficiencies of stoves
> are not their prime topics at this time - only IAQ methodologies. Any new
> ideas? (include copies to the list I hope.)
>
> Ronal W. Larson, PhD
> 21547 Mountsfield Dr.
> Golden, CO 80401, USA
> 303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
> larcon@sni.net
>
>
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
> Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
> Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
> Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
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> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm
>
>
Alex English
RR 2 Odessa Ontario
Canada K0H 2H0
Tel 1-613-386-1927
Fax 1-613-386-1211

From Rkfabf at aol.com Sat Jan 29 11:15:35 2000
From: Rkfabf at aol.com (Rkfabf@aol.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Off to Kyrgyzstan and an appeal
Message-ID: <c0.e1b83c.25c46be6@aol.com>

Ronal -

May I suggest that you take full advantage of the IAQ expertise available to
you on the IAQ List. Some
of the foremost IAQ Professionals in the world are members. Over the course
of your subscription you have observed the willingness with which they have
discussed IAQ problems and solutions. The situation you present would allow
an opportunity to explore an area of IAQ that isn't discussed often enough on
the List simply because it isn't frequently raised. However, I'm inclined to
think that given the opportunity your query would be met by an eagerness to
consider possibilities & allow these professionals to contribute worthwhile
suggestions and advise. As you know the "<A
HREF="http://www.teriin.org/indoor/indoor.htm">TERI: Indoor air quality</A>
" site was selected as the INTERESTING LINK FOR THE WEEK on the IAQ List and
subscriber feedback has been notably positive & indicates an underlying, yet
untapped, interest in this area of IAQ.

If you choose to post an inquiry to the membership of the IAQ List you can do
so by posting either via e-mail or web access:

To e-mail a post send to: IAQ@onelist.com

To post on-line go to: <A HREF="http://www.onelist.com/post/iaq">http://www.on
elist.com/post/iaq</A>

Regards -
Cathy Flanders
IAQ List Manager & Moderator
E-Mail: iaq-owner@onelist.com
Fax # 781-394-8288
Personal E-Mail: RKFABF@aol.com
IAQ List - Home
http://www.onelist.com/community/iaq
IAQ List - Links
http://www.onelist.com/links/iaq

Candles and Indoor Air Quality
http://www.fiscorp.net/iaq/
<A HREF="http://disc.server.com/Indices/41692.html">Homeowners Soot Damage
Discussion</A>
http://disc.server.com/Indices/41692.html

In a message dated 1/29/00 5:17:28 AM Central Standard Time, larcon@sni.net
writes:
<<
2. I am working with two people at the University of Colorado on
the indoor air quality aspects of simple cookstoves. They are just getting
started, so I hope that anyone wanting to offer advice on new and improved
emissions monitoring techniques will communicate with Stefan Eisen at
<eisen@Colorado.EDU> (with a copy to <milford@spot.colorado.edu>). The
cooking and charcoal-making construction details and efficiencies of stoves
are not their prime topics at this time - only IAQ methodologies. Any new
ideas? (include copies to the list I hope.)
>>
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

From ovencrft at nbn.com Sat Jan 29 11:41:55 2000
From: ovencrft at nbn.com (Alan Scott)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: particulate emissions testing
Message-ID: <3.0.6.32.20000129084633.0087d3d0@mail.nbn.com>

I too have a request from the authorities in Australia for data on the
particulate emissions from my wood fired bread bake ovens that I design abd
build from bricks and refractory concretes. As these ovens have never been
tested for these I am most interested in the discussion anad would like to
hear from anyone who has any data or methods of testing available here in
the USA. ALAN SCOTT
Check out the web site for OVENCRAFTERS at http://www.nbn.com/~ovncraft
Look at our new book "The Bread Builders" on http://www.chelseagreen.com
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
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http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
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From english at adan.kingston.net Sun Jan 30 19:45:53 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: (Fwd) Re: IAQ Ambient Particulate Sampling
Message-ID: <200001310045.TAA32337@adan.kingston.net>

Stovers,

The following article, "Comparison of emissions and residential exposure from
traditional and improved cookstoves in Kenya", will appear in the Feburary 15
issue of Environ. Sci. Technol. The basic article is available on the www
as is an 'expanded' version of some 15 additional figures and
tables.

This paper is the first in a series of publications on the results of our
3+ year,
500+ person study of the connection between particulate exposures and
health in
Kenya, and on the impact of new model cookstoves in mitigating those risks.

Several summary pieces on this project have appeared in Boiling Point.

In answer to the questions Ron and Alex raise, this paper describes much of
our sampling methodology (for particulates and trace gases, in particular
CO), and
details exposure levels in a fairly large sample of homes.

In the paper are a variety of results on the exposure patterns from indoor
comubstion.

The article can be accessed at:

http://pubs.acs.org/isubscribe/journals/esthag/jtext.cgi?esthag/asap/html/es9905
795.html

The 'supporting material' can be found at:

http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/suppinfo.pl?es9905795

- Dan

>Dear Stovers,
>Ron has brought up the topic of Indoor Air Quality monitoring.
>Aprovecho is working with Rogerio Miranda of Prolena, in
>Nicaragua, and they would also like advise on all aspects of stoves
>emissions testing. It is difficult to accomplish much with out first
>investing a significant amount of money in equiptment. One exception
>might be ambient particulate sampling. I have had some success
>measuring Total Condensible Particulates in flue gasses with a home
>made device, suitable filters and a sensitive scale. With ambient
>air monitoring they would want to measure PM10 or in some way limit
>the bias which larger particles would have on monitoring
>exposures associated with a stove. In this case a sensitive scale
>(+/- .001 grams) may be the only costly piece of equiptment required.
>It would not have to be purchased if the use of one could be arranged
>and the samples transported.
>
>If someone has a paper available on this topic, I would be willing to
>try and put it on the Stoves webpage.
>
>Regards, Alex
>
>
>
>> 2. I am working with two people at the University of Colorado on
>> the indoor air quality aspects of simple cookstoves. They are just getting
>> started, so I hope that anyone wanting to offer advice on new and improved
>> emissions monitoring techniques will communicate with Stefan Eisen at
>> <eisen@Colorado.EDU> (with a copy to <milford@spot.colorado.edu>). The
>> cooking and charcoal-making construction details and efficiencies of stoves
>> are not their prime topics at this time - only IAQ methodologies. Any new
>> ideas? (include copies to the list I hope.)
>>
>> Ronal W. Larson, PhD
>> 21547 Mountsfield Dr.
>> Golden, CO 80401, USA
>> 303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
>> larcon@sni.net
>>
>>
>> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
>> Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
>> Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
>> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
>> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
>> Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
>> http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
>> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
>> For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
>> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm
>>
>>
>Alex English
>RR 2 Odessa Ontario
>Canada K0H 2H0
>Tel 1-613-386-1927
>Fax 1-613-386-1211
>
>
>The Stoves List is Sponsored by
>Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
>Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
>http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
>Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
>http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
>http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
>For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
>http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
Daniel M. Kammen
Associate Professor of Energy and Society
Director, Renewable and Appropriate Energy Laboratory (RAEL)
Energy and Resources Group (ERG)
310 Barrows Hall
University of California
Berkeley, CA 94720-3050

Tel: 510-642-1139 (Office)
Tel: 510-643-2243 (RAEL Phone)
Tel: 510-642-1640 (ERG Front Desk)
Fax: 510-642-1085 (ERG Fax)
Email: dkammen@socrates.berkeley.edu
WWW: http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~erg
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-p:/
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

From Reedtb2 at cs.com Mon Jan 31 09:48:50 2000
From: Reedtb2 at cs.com (Reedtb2@cs.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Introducing Mike Antal - and Activated charcoal
Message-ID: <6b.1437010.25c6faad@cs.com>

Stovers and Gasers:

I would like to introduce my friend Dr. Mike Antal, Coral Professor of
Biomass at the University of Hawaii. In my book, he knows more about the
theoretical aspects of pyrolysis and charcoal than most of the rest of us.
He has also developed a process for making charcoal that gives a yield of
40-45%, rather than the 15-25% that most processes give.

He recently visited my home in Golden and we spent a pleasant evening
discussing the subtleties of biomass pyrolysis. He has just sent me two of
his most recent papers that are MUST reading for anyone interested in
activated charcoal (or clean water for developing countries).

"Synthesis of a High-Yield Activated Carbon by Air Gasification of Macadamia
Nut Shell Charcoal", X. Dai and M. Antal Jr., Industrial &Engineering
Chemistry Research, Vol 38, pp 3386-3395, 1999

"Preparation of Activated Carbons from Macadamia Nut Shell and Coconut Shell
by Air Activation", M Tam and M. Antal, Jr., Ibid, Vol 38, pp 4268-4276, 1999.

Mike is achieving surface areas (and iodine numbers) > 1000 m2/g, with yields
over 15%, using air activation.

Charcoal activation is a pain in the butt. In principle, it should be
possible to use air for activation and Mike has found out how to do it.

The three greatest technical challenges for the next century are Clean
Cooking, Clean Power and Clean Water for all of humanity. The solution lies
in our hands.

Yours truly, TOM REED BEF

Thomas B. Reed
President - The Biomass Energy Foundation
1810 Smith Rd., Golden, CO 80401
Reedtb2@cs.com; 303 278 0558
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

From arcate at email.msn.com Mon Jan 31 13:27:19 2000
From: arcate at email.msn.com (Jim Arcate)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Introducing Mike Antal - and Activated charcoal
In-Reply-To: <6b.1437010.25c6faad@cs.com>
Message-ID: <001701bf6c19$0d670220$0100007f@localhost>

Thomas Reed & Dr. Antal:

The references on activated charcoal are interesting. But what is the status
of the HNEI high yield charcoal process ? Are there any commercial plants in
operation ? If yes, please describe.
Thank you.

Jim Arcate

----- Original Message -----
From: <Reedtb2@cs.com>
To: <Stoves@crest.org>; <Gasification@crest.org>
Sent: Monday, January 31, 2000 4:48 AM
Subject: Introducing Mike Antal - and Activated charcoal

Stovers and Gasers:

"Synthesis of a High-Yield Activated Carbon by Air Gasification of Macadamia
Nut Shell Charcoal", X. Dai and M. Antal Jr., Industrial & Engineering
Chemistry Research, Vol 38, pp 3386-3395, 1999

"Preparation of Activated Carbons from Macadamia Nut Shell and Coconut Shell
by Air Activation", M Tam and M. Antal, Jr., Ibid, Vol 38, pp 4268-4276,
1999.

Mike is achieving surface areas (and iodine numbers) > 1000 m2/g, with
yields
over 15%, using air activation.

Charcoal activation is a pain in the butt. In principle, it should be
possible to use air for activation and Mike has found out how to do it.

The three greatest technical challenges for the next century are Clean
Cooking, Clean Power and Clean Water for all of humanity. The solution lies
in our hands.

Yours truly, TOM REED BEF

From antal at wiliki.eng.hawaii.edu Mon Jan 31 13:43:11 2000
From: antal at wiliki.eng.hawaii.edu (Michael Antal)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:29 2004
Subject: Introducing Mike Antal - and Activated charcoal
In-Reply-To: <6b.1437010.25c6faad@cs.com>
Message-ID: <Pine.HPX.4.03.10001310839180.1781-100000@wiliki.eng.hawaii.edu>

Dear Tom: thanks for your kind words. I am happy to mail reprints of our
papers to anyone who is interested. Best regards, Michael. P.S. I often
receive requests to post such papers on the web. This is a very
complicated matter with serious copyright issues (that are well defined by
the ACS in the case of ACS publications). At least for the time being, I
will only supply hard copies by mail or fax.

On Mon, 31 Jan 2000 Reedtb2@cs.com wrote:

> Stovers and Gasers:
>
> I would like to introduce my friend Dr. Mike Antal, Coral Professor of
> Biomass at the University of Hawaii. In my book, he knows more about the
> theoretical aspects of pyrolysis and charcoal than most of the rest of us.
> He has also developed a process for making charcoal that gives a yield of
> 40-45%, rather than the 15-25% that most processes give.
>
> He recently visited my home in Golden and we spent a pleasant evening
> discussing the subtleties of biomass pyrolysis. He has just sent me two of
> his most recent papers that are MUST reading for anyone interested in
> activated charcoal (or clean water for developing countries).
>
> "Synthesis of a High-Yield Activated Carbon by Air Gasification of Macadamia
> Nut Shell Charcoal", X. Dai and M. Antal Jr., Industrial &Engineering
> Chemistry Research, Vol 38, pp 3386-3395, 1999
>
> "Preparation of Activated Carbons from Macadamia Nut Shell and Coconut Shell
> by Air Activation", M Tam and M. Antal, Jr., Ibid, Vol 38, pp 4268-4276, 1999.
>
> Mike is achieving surface areas (and iodine numbers) > 1000 m2/g, with yields
> over 15%, using air activation.
>
> Charcoal activation is a pain in the butt. In principle, it should be
> possible to use air for activation and Mike has found out how to do it.
>
> The three greatest technical challenges for the next century are Clean
> Cooking, Clean Power and Clean Water for all of humanity. The solution lies
> in our hands.
>
> Yours truly, TOM REED BEF
>
> Thomas B. Reed
> President - The Biomass Energy Foundation
> 1810 Smith Rd., Golden, CO 80401
> Reedtb2@cs.com; 303 278 0558
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
> Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
> Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
> Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
> http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
> For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm
>

BioEnergy Lists: Improved Biomass Cooking Stoves

January 2000 Biomass Cooking Stoves Archive