June 2000 Gasification Archive

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From dstill at epud.org Thu Jun 1 01:14:54 2000
From: dstill at epud.org (Dean Still)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: English on Grates in Rocket stoves
Message-ID: <000b01bfbe89$33caf800$482b74d8@default>

Dear Alex:

You asked for reasons why crumpled sticks in the bottom of the Rocket
chimney would burn cleaner than very small pieces of wood forming a "grate"
on top of the shelf.

I believe that the wood was burning hotter in the pile than the few sticks
on top of the shelf. The small sticks were not enough fuel to make a hot,
fierce fire.

Norbert Senf writes:

Also, the end of a batch burn is a charcoal fire, which
behaves very differently from the first part of the burn. Grates are
required in coal burning, so perhaps may have some advantages for charcoal
fires as well.

I believe that Norbert is probably right here. For charcoal to burn cleanly
it needs to be surrounded by air. When people use cook stoves they tend to
push the sticks in "too fast", breaking off the ends of the sticks and
dropping the glowing coals to the floor of the combustion chamber. These
coals can smoke and disturb the clean burn, especially if they pile up. So,
we are experimenting with a more permanent grate that lifts the coals above
the floor, responding to a normal type of usage.

We would hypothesize that if the ends of the sticks are not broken off too
soon a grate lifting coals above a solid floor may not be helpful. But since
in practice sticks are pushed in too fast a grate may help to clean up
combustion. In any event, it is easy to test and we shall look into it.

Dr. Mark Bryden and research assistant Nordica Hulstrum are visiting
Aprovecho soon and we will be conducting a months worth of testing using new
and better equipment from the Iowa State lab with Nordica. We're planning on
learning a lot in the next month and I'm quite excited...If anyone has a
particular question that is not too hard to operationalize and test, perhaps
we could get to it.

Best,

Dean

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From rroberts at repp.org Sat Jun 3 23:39:08 2000
From: rroberts at repp.org (roby roberts)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: No Subject
Message-ID: <200006040339.UAA26166@secure.crest.net>

<tmiles@teleport.com>)
Subject: Bioenergy Lists are to be Solar Powered Starting July 1
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Regards,

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Bioenergy Lists Administrator

June 01, 2000

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From verhaarp at janus.cqu.edu.au Sun Jun 4 00:28:23 2000
From: verhaarp at janus.cqu.edu.au (Peter Verhaart)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Grates, Peter Verhaart
In-Reply-To: <200005271846.OAA15764@adan.kingston.net>
Message-ID: <200006040428.VAA27605@secure.crest.net>

At 14:45 27/05/00 -0500, you wrote:
>
>
>
>Piet,
>
>
>> What is your definition of a gasifier? Something that produces unburnt
>> volatiles or something that converts the volatiles to simple compounds like
>> CO; H2, to mention only the combustible parts of the gas mixture?
>
>I don't have a definition. I'm just fishing for ideas that might
>explain my observations. One of my speculations is that the volatiles
>from the air starved pile of wood are somehow changed into compounds
>that are easier to burn.

It is not a good prognosis, one would rather expect easier burning
compounds from high temperature exposure.

>I don't know if this is possible, or if
>anyone can know for sure that it is not. But if it is not the case,
>then the only other speculation that I can offer is that the better
>results are due to fluid dynamics. What I may have seen is something
>similar to a laminar flame on a kerosene lamp. The rich combustible
>products are totally inside of a single flame,especially at the base,
>which is less diluted by previously combusted products and isolated
>from cold edges where it can quench into "smoke". From there it burns
>as diffusion flame with less total surface area. Perhaps hotter?

Diffusion flames can burn clean so long as their surface/volume ratio is
sufficiently high, depending on the composition of the gas. The volume of a
diffusion flame is larger that that of a premixed flame of the same rate of
heat production.

>Contrast that with sticks of wood partly in the flame and partly
>out. Edge effects associated with numerous smaller flames and the
>positioning of the fuel allow for regions of quenching. Excess air
>will have a greater cooling or quenching effect with many smaller
>flames. This is why I think that insulation in the stove is
>of secondary importance in relation to emissions.

In many cases insulation also influences the access of air to the fire.

>Grant had lower
>emission with open fires, no insulation. Wrapping the Turbo stove and
>the exiting flame with ceramic fibre insulation had an insignificant
>effect on emission. Increasing excess air increased particulate
>emissions by a factor of ten and CO by a factor of 100. The better
>the mixing the worse the result.

How sure are you that mixing resulted from increasing excess air, it might
just have cooled critical reactions with little actual mixing.

>This is where blue flames are
>misleading. In this context I have found lean blue flames to have
>higher CO and particulates emissions.
>

You can make air starved blue flames (I did it with propane, but I am sure
you can do it with other gases), compared to flames with the correct mixing
ratio, they are greener.

>
>In an effort to reduce toxic emissions, especially particulates and
>hydrocarbons, highly controllable advanced combustors, from large
>waste incinerators, to industrial chip burners, to household pellet
>stoves, to tiny cooking stoves such as the Turbo, have all gone with
>limiting air/oxygen mixing with the solid fuel. This has benefits
>for reducing fly ash, but also for improving combustible gas quality
>in the gas and aerosol phase. They aren't perfect gasifiers as there
>is a lot of long chain hydrocarbons mixed with the CO and H2. It
>seem that EPA approved cord wood burners and some Masonry Heaters,
>although less controllable, have found ways to gain a similar effect.
>All these different combustors don't have the same emissions rates,
>but they are all better than the comparable "grate" fired versions of
>the same type.
>
>> I don't understand. To my knowledge, the Rocket stove is essentially a tall
>> vertical pipe (chimney), with a grate near the bottom. How can you 'slide'
>> your bits of fuel into it other than dropping them in from the top?
>
>The Rocket Stove that Dean sent me, and most of the ones I saw at
>Aprovecho, have a 90 degree elbow section at the bottom where the

>fuel is inserted horizontally. They also have some flat sheet metal
>bisecting the round opening, forming a horizontal ledge. The wood
>rest on this and sticks out, with unsupported ends into the
>bottom of the vertical section, thus forming a grate of burning
>sticks. Other types have a U section, and behave somewhat as self
>feeding downdrafters. I saw none that were top loaded.
>
They must be advanced types, I only saw the prototype in 1983 and expected
it to have good future prospects. In fact we have done some tests on it in
Eindhoven. There should be reports on it.

>> What else did you measure besides CO and CO2?
>
>Nothing else during this test. During other test I have measured
>particulate emissions as well, but not for the short lived condition
>which I have described. Most of my testing lacks Eindoven style rigor
>and was done only to satisfy my curiosity. These small stoves and
>open fires, where the flame can be watched as well as measured offer
>a distinct advantage for interpretation. Especially for those of us
>who are prone to speculation.
>
>> I found the Rocket stove clean burning so long as it was not overfed.
>
> In terms of emission, at low to medium fire rates, I found it to be
>no different than a similar open fire. At higher firing rates it was
>worse, for obvious reasons of maximum flow rates. Interestingly, I
>found that the best or lowest CO/C02 ratio occurred at a mid to high
>firing rates when there was more visible smoky at the flames tips
>than at slightly lower rates. I discussed this briefly with Grant at
>the time, and had a look at his thesis test data for single pot
>stoves, but could not find any similar effect.

One thing that can (according to some authorities but don't ask me who)
happen in a diffusion flame is temperature rise in the unburnt gases with
thermal decomposition (cracking) producing a tail of soot.

With the downdraft stove we found a consistent increase in CO/CO2 ratio
when all wood had turned into charcoal.

Bye the way, A long time ago I attached a copy of "Making do with the open
fire". Do you know where it was archived (if it was).

I enjoyed your babble.

Best regards,

Piet
Peter Verhaart
Phone/Fax: +61 (0)7 4933 1761
Email: p.verhaart@cqu.edu.au

From Reedtb2 at cs.com Sun Jun 4 05:55:31 2000
From: Reedtb2 at cs.com (Reedtb2@cs.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Tree fertilizing...
Message-ID: <42.6544711.266b8168@cs.com>

Dear KS et al:

I was interested in your comments on deep rooted plants. Living in New
England and walking in her forests, I often come opon "root holes" left by
trees blown down in the 1939 hurricane. These trees must put roots in to
previously unrooted soils, so must be able to "extracT" potassium phosphorus
and other minerals that shallow rooted plants need but don't make from
complex clays. Clays are a rich source of potassium, but it is very
difficult to remove.

I have wondered whether treest therefore do in fact extract minerals that
shallow rooted plants need but can't generate.

I hope some botanist/biologist will know some facts in this area. Meanwhile,
plant more trees.....

Yours truly, TOM REED
BEF

In a message dated 5/31/00 11:26:24 AM Pacific Daylight Time,
kssustain@provide.net writes:

<<
To Denny Haldeman I think it is crucial to stop forest fires and
start burning wood because wood and other deep rooted plants may be the only
way we can retrieve potassium and phosphorus fertilizers from the soil. I am
hoping that ultimately scientists may be able to figure out how to get these
chemicals from sea water. In a time of desperation, people will burn forests
in wood stoves and fireplaces anyhow. By burning wood in Cogeneration and
Comanufacturing facilities, only in Winter, the efficiency of wood burning
can probably be improved by a factor of three over a woodstove and the
pollution can be greatly improved. Environmentalists have made a negative
contribution to Sustainability by emphasizing pollution control so much that
consumption and carbon dioxide have been ignored. It is crucial that we plant
billions of trees right now. It is also important to start burning waste
materials.
>>

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From mheat at mha-net.org Sun Jun 4 08:07:55 2000
From: mheat at mha-net.org (Norbert Senf)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Grates, Peter Verhaart
In-Reply-To: <200005271846.OAA15764@adan.kingston.net>
Message-ID: <4.2.2.20000604071034.00c8acd0@127.0.0.1>

At 09:28 PM 2000-06-03 -0700, Peter Verhaart wrote:
>(snip)
>Bye the way, A long time ago I attached a copy of "Making do with the open
>fire". Do you know where it was archived (if it was).

A search on Altavista turned up the following:
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/9809/msg00038.html

Best ...... Norbert
----------------------------------------
Norbert Senf---------- mheat@mha-net.org-nospam
Masonry Stove Builders (remove -nospam)
RR 5, Shawville------- www.heatkit.com
Quebec J0X 2Y0-------- fax:-----819.647.6082
---------------------- voice:---819.647.5092

From english at adan.kingston.net Sun Jun 4 08:16:05 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Grates, Norbert Snef
In-Reply-To: <200005260310.XAA23078@adan.kingston.net>
Message-ID: <200006041216.IAA16501@adan.kingston.net>

Norbert,
>
> Later on in the burn, when the fire is hot, we are not sure what happens,
> or if a grate is better or worse.

If I recall, your particulate sampling was based on two samples per
burn. The first 10 or 15 minutes and the rest of the burn. Would it
be possible to look at the numbers from the second filter separately?

>
> Some other emissions testing was recently done with fireplaces. The two
> fireplaces that had grates for elevating the fuel above the hearth had
> significantly higher particulate emissions than the other 3 fireplaces
> which burned the fuel directly on the hearth, both in open door mode and
> with glass doors closed.

I appreciate your reliance on data, but I am surprised that we don't
have an explanation for this.

Alex

> Best ........ Norbert
> ----------------------------------------
> Norbert Senf---------- mheat@mha-net.org-nospam
> Masonry Stove Builders (remove -nospam)
> RR 5, Shawville------- www.heatkit.com
> Quebec J0X 2Y0-------- fax:-----819.647.6082
> ---------------------- voice:---819.647.5092
>
>
>
>
>
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
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>
>

From english at adan.kingston.net Sun Jun 4 08:16:10 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: (Fwd) Re: Stove use (was Grates)
Message-ID: <200006041216.IAA16514@adan.kingston.net>

Lori,

> Thank you for your reply. It did make sense, and I'm now comfortable enough
> with my understanding to put a stove together and give it a go.

If I recall, your goal is to heat water for a floor heat system, and
you plan to burn something to produce the heat that a solar collector
can't. What is your fuel?

> It also gave me an idea. Would there be any reason not to have a water coil
> in that space around the fuel can?

If you are referring to the fuel can on the Turbo stove then I think
it could be tried. However I am not sure how this relates to heating
the water for your floor heat.

> If the exterior were insulated, would
> the water cool the combustion chamber too much?

If the exterior of the fuel can and/or the exterior of the stove were
insulated the combustion chamber would be cooled less.

> Also, would there be any reason for not trying to burn fryer oil (filtered,
> but not converted to biodiesel) in one of the small stoves? As in, any
> safety issues from the amount of heat that would or wouldn't be generated?

I don't know of any stove designs which are suitable for
either a solid or a liquid fuel. It would be feasible to drip a
liquid fuel on to a burning solid fuel in something like a Turbo,
with good results if the secondary air supply can be increased
adequately. Some farmers get rid of used engine oil with a
drip set up into their work shop wood stoves, presumably making a
bad stove, worse.

Playing with fire has enough risks, adding water
and possibly steam adds a few more. It is a worthwhile exercise,
especially if you can produce hot tap water too.

I hesitate to mention the the things I have tried.

Alex

>
> Thanks to all for any opinions!
>
> Lori
> P.E.I., Canada
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> At 03:45 PM 2000-05-27, *.English wrote:
>
> >Lori,
> >
> >Yes. Colder air is more dense, carrying a larger amount of
> >oxygen with it into the fuel. The force driving the flow should be
> >relative to the temperature difference between the incoming air and
> >the outgoing flue gasses, less any resistance to flow in the chimney.
> >
> >The secondary air is pre heated up to around 700F (370C) in the space
> >around the fuel can before being jetted into the space above the fuel
> >in the top of the fuel can. If there is sufficient space between the
> >fuel and these jets, a portion of the flow will tumble down in a
> >jumble of flame, often blue. Depending on the firing rate more or
> >less flame, (as little as none) is simultaneously exiting the hole on
> >top.
> >
> >I hope some of that made sense,
> >
> >Alex
>
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
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>
>
Alex English
RR 2 Odessa, Ontario, Canada
K0H2H0 613-386-1927
Fax 613-386-1211

From english at adan.kingston.net Sun Jun 4 08:16:07 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: (Fwd) Re: English on Grates in Rocket stoves
Message-ID: <200006041216.IAA16506@adan.kingston.net>

Hi Dean,

> I believe that the wood was burning hotter in the pile than the few sticks
> on top of the shelf. The small sticks were not enough fuel to make a hot,
> fierce fire.

I don't think so. I was able to fire the Rocket stove with sticks as
a grate, fast enough to be starved for air.

> Norbert Senf writes:
>
> Also, the end of a batch burn is a charcoal fire, which
> behaves very differently from the first part of the burn. Grates are
> required in coal burning, so perhaps may have some advantages for charcoal
> fires as well.

> I believe that Norbert is probably right here. For charcoal to burn
> cleanly it needs to be surrounded by air.

When testing a few charcoal barbecues, compared them to charcoal
burned in a pile when by top loading it into the vertical portion of
the Rocket Stove. The Rocket stove had considerably lower CO/CO2
emissions ratio. From a CO emissions point of view, the more the
charcoal is piled the better, at least for the cooking stove scale.

> When people use cook stoves they tend to
> push the sticks in "too fast", breaking off the ends of the sticks and
> dropping the glowing coals to the floor of the combustion chamber. These
> coals can smoke and disturb the clean burn, especially if they pile up. So,
> we are experimenting with a more permanent grate that lifts the coals above
> the floor, responding to a normal type of usage.

>
> We would hypothesize that if the ends of the sticks are not broken off too
> soon a grate lifting coals above a solid floor may not be helpful. But since
> in practice sticks are pushed in too fast a grate may help to clean up
> combustion. In any event, it is easy to test and we shall look into it.
>
> Dr. Mark Bryden and research assistant Nordica Hulstrum are visiting
> Aprovecho soon and we will be conducting a months worth of testing using new
> and better equipment from the Iowa State lab with Nordica. We're planning on
> learning a lot in the next month and I'm quite excited...If anyone has a
> particular question that is not too hard to operationalize and test, perhaps
> we could get to it.

Try everything! Good luck.

Alex

>
> Best,
>
> Dean
>
>
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
> Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
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>

From english at adan.kingston.net Sun Jun 4 08:16:12 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Forwarding Verhaart on "grates"
Message-ID: <200006041216.IAA16522@adan.kingston.net>

Piet,

>It is not a good prognosis, one would rather expect easier burning
>compounds from high temperature exposure.
Ok.

>Diffusion flames can burn clean so long as their surface/volume
>ratio is sufficiently high, depending on the composition of the
>gas.

Smaller is better, to a point?

The best example that I have seen from a wood burner would be Dick
Boyt's Ten Can Stove. It was capable of a tall stable laminar flame,
well attached to the top of a 5 cm diameter can. John Gulland has
described a woman in Honduras or Nicaragua, maintaining a clean
single flame cooking fire by kindling a few small sticks next to on
end of a large one. This could be an example of an air limited fuel
zone. John? It would be interesting to know what the best case
results might be for this kind of fire, in terms of emissions. And
whether or not it can be maintained in a shielded stove where you
lose some of the visual signals.

>How sure are you that mixing resulted from increasing excess air,
>it might just have cooled critical reactions with little actual
>mixing.

Quite sure, I guess. Does it not make sense that a perfectly mixed
flame at its lean flamabilty limits would be cooled below optimum for
the complete combustion of either CO or unburned hydrocarbons?
I see this in relation to the temperature vs excess air graph. An
example for a liquid fuel is viewable at
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/emissions/Hmix.jpg
If we knew the composition of our pyrolysis gas we could probably
calculate the values for our case.

It is not fair to say " the better the mixing the worse it gets"
unless excess air and mixing correlate as they do in Tom's Turbo, or
my swirl burner. Both have their lowest emissions when the flame
terminates with a long orange tail, which is normal when excess air
is reduced to a minimum.

> >One thing that can (according to some authorities but don't ask me who)
> >happen in a diffusion flame is temperature rise in the unburnt gases with
> >thermal decomposition (cracking) producing a tail of soot.

What ultimately differentiates soot from other non gaseous emissions?

> >With the downdraft stove we found a consistent increase in CO/CO2 ratio
> >when all wood had turned into charcoal.

Yes. In all my testing of wood burners I have ignored the final
charcoal phase as it it predictably has higher CO, and very low
particulate emissions. If you are looking at CO/CO2 alone then this
may tend to favour grate fired stoves. I think this was one of
Norbert's points.

> >Bye the way, A long time ago I attached a copy of "Making do with the open
> >fire". Do you know where it was archived (if it was).

You can find it at
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/9604/msg0000
3.html

Alex

> >I enjoyed your babble.
> >
> >Best regards,
> >
> >Piet
> >Peter Verhaart
> >Phone/Fax: +61 (0)7 4933 1761
> >Email: p.verhaart@cqu.edu.au
> >
>
> Ronal W. Larson, PhD
> 21547 Mountsfield Dr.
> Golden, CO 80401, USA
> 303/526-9629; FAX same with warning
> larcon@sni.net
>
>
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
> Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
> Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
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> Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
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> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm
>
>
Alex English
RR 2 Odessa, Ontario, Canada
K0H2H0 613-386-1927
Fax 613-386-1211

From lorih at isn.net Sun Jun 4 14:16:00 2000
From: lorih at isn.net (Lori)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Stove use
In-Reply-To: <200006041216.IAA16514@adan.kingston.net>
Message-ID: <4.3.1.1.20000604121551.00a8eaa0@mailer.isn.net>

Hi, Alex

I was pretty brief in my previous posts, not wanting to go off topic, so
reducing my query to the part about heating water on a small stove.

At 10:14 AM 2000-06-04, you wrote:

>If I recall, your goal is to heat water for a floor heat system, and
>you plan to burn something to produce the heat that a solar collector
>can't.

Not an in-floor system ... hot water baseboards. I already have 3 rooms so
heated, hooked to an oil-fired hot water heater.

I have just acquired a used solar water heating system, not yet hooked up.
My plan is to hook its output to the cold water inlet of the oil-fired
tank, in standard manner. However, my goal is to eliminate my burning of
fossil fuel. My first modification to that end is to run a hot water tap to
the solar tank inlet, so I can create a loop to solar recharge the basement
tank after a stretch of no sun. If I was only concerned with my domestic
hot water, I could then just match my demand to the supply, and call it done.

However, I also need to reduce my consumption of firewood. I am doing the
obvious, like reducing the space to be heated and improving heat retention,
as well as increasing direct solar gain. I have the climate data for the
last 80 years or so, plus last winter's experience with a utility
greenhouse I had attached to the south end of the house, and have concluded
that there is enough winter sun to provide a good portion of my heat and
hot water, partcularly if I provide lots of storage for solar heated water.
So, to use the stored heat, I want to add baseboard heaters to another 3
rooms. Whether I extend the existing loop or add a separate one, the new
section will pick up heat from the solar tank via a heat exchanger, much
like the existing section does from the existing tank. I am still
researching heat exchangers, but I expect it will be a simple one ... a pot
of water containing copper coils from the heating loop and from the solar
tank, which will give or take heat to/from the water. Since I will be
having this pot of water with the coils already in it ... it makes sense to
me to stick a stove under the pot and fire it up when the sun doesn't shine
enough. And to set things up so the stored water can pick up heat when it
needs it, as well as give up heat when it has it.

> What is your fuel?

I expect to use twigs and branches ... the normal materials I now use for
kindling ... as the stoves were designed to burn. I am also growing
sunflowers to experiment with. However .... I have a good supply of used
fryer oil available to me, and I remember years ago having an oil stove for
heat and cooking ... a "pot burner" it was called. The thing was given air
with a blower on the back. A simple tap allowed oil to drip into the pot,
and when a small puddle was formed, the stove was lit with a twist of
burning paper. It would generate soot at the best of times, and dreadfully
so if the power went out ... but it worked. From my recent reading, I
gather that the bulk of the soot came from firing the oil cold, and from
the type of air supply ... or lack, in the absence of power. Since
biodiesel is 100% suitable as a replacement for stove oil, and since it
appears that the straight veggie oil only needs to be converted because its
viscosity is too much for modern burner nozzles ... I want to try using the
fryer oil as fuel for heating the water in the exchanger, by dripping it to
a fire started normally, with small sticks, etc. I just bought some
ceramic briquettes. Not sure what I'll do with them, but my thinking is
they could keep the heat up in the stove, improving the combustion ... ??

>If you are referring to the fuel can on the Turbo stove then I think
>it could be tried. However I am not sure how this relates to heating
>the water for your floor heat.

The coil would be circulating water from the storage tank, to reheat it for
the baseboards. However, I am now thinking more of having the heat source
under the water, as above.

>I don't know of any stove designs which are suitable for
>either a solid or a liquid fuel. It would be feasible to drip a
>liquid fuel on to a burning solid fuel in something like a Turbo,
>with good results if the secondary air supply can be increased
>adequately.

I will concentrate on providing ample secondary air, then.

> Playing with fire has enough risks, adding water
>and possibly steam adds a few more. It is a worthwhile exercise,
>especially if you can produce hot tap water too.

I agree. I am a cautious person, with no desire to lose or singe important
body parts. And ... the purpose of many of the stove designs I've read
about in the archives is to reduce the workload of rural women in less
developed countries and to reduce the burning of trees. I am rural woman
burning wood, as many women the world over are. If the stoves work for
women in other countries, giving more heat with less fuel, then they'll do
the same for me. The measure of effectiveness seems to be performance
heating water ... and all I'm actually planning is the heating of water,
albeit a lot of water (and cooking with the stove during a power outage
makes sense to me). If the stoves can be constructed locally, using local
materials, in other countries, then I can do that here. I'm simply field
testing the concept within the "developed" world.

>I hesitate to mention the the things I have tried.

I wish you would! Besides being interesting reading, it would be a
guideline for what doesn't work and what does.

>Alex

Thanks again for your help, Alex. I know I'm in territory new to me, other
than heating with firewood, and I can use all the help I can get.

Best regards,

Lori

From mheat at mha-net.org Sun Jun 4 16:20:33 2000
From: mheat at mha-net.org (Norbert Senf)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Grates, Norbert Snef
In-Reply-To: <4.2.2.20000526061529.00cbc280@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <4.2.2.20000604144553.00c52280@127.0.0.1>

At 08:14 AM 2000-06-04 -0500, *.English wrote:

>Norbert,
> >
> > Later on in the burn, when the fire is hot, we are not sure what happens,
> > or if a grate is better or worse.
>
>If I recall, your particulate sampling was based on two samples per
>burn. The first 10 or 15 minutes and the rest of the burn. Would it
>be possible to look at the numbers from the second filter separately?

Hi Alex:

We typically pull the first set of filters at 15 minutes, to separate out
the cold start effects. The particulates from the rest of the 2 hour burn
get caught on a second set of filters. The catch on the filters is roughly
the same for the 15 minute startup as for the rest of the burn

I wouldn't expect much particulates during the charcoal phase. CO is
characteristically high, don't know if a grate could reduce it. CO from
woodburning isn't really considered to be a pollution problem in North
America, whereas particulates are. The advantage of a grate during the
charcoal phase in a batch burn in a masonry heater is that the fire is over
faster, and the flue damper can be closed sooner, thus reducing stack losses.

> >
> > Some other emissions testing was recently done with fireplaces. The two
> > fireplaces that had grates for elevating the fuel above the hearth had
> > significantly higher particulate emissions than the other 3 fireplaces
> > which burned the fuel directly on the hearth, both in open door mode and
> > with glass doors closed.
>
>I appreciate your reliance on data, but I am surprised that we don't
>have an explanation for this.

Combustion testing is in its infancy for fireplaces. I've seen more effects
from how the wood is stacked, wood sizing, etc., than from anything else.
Therefore, it is hard to separate out the effects without some controlled
experiments.

When we were testing masonry heaters, we confirmed right away that grates
were bad, so did not spend much time on further tests on them. We tried to
concentrate our limited resources on improving the combustion air system,
studying stacking, etc., - anything that will result in less actual
particulate load on the environment from burning cordwood for domestic
heating.

Fireplaces in North America are luxury items, not used for serious heating,
in fact not used much at all except at ski resorts, or around Christmas.
This is why efforts to study them have been limited. I still like watching
an open fire, however -- seems a lot more benign than purchasing a Sports
Utility Vehicle and cruising around, for example.

Best ........ Norbert
----------------------------------------
Norbert Senf---------- mheat@mha-net.org-nospam
Masonry Stove Builders (remove -nospam)
RR 5, Shawville------- www.heatkit.com
Quebec J0X 2Y0-------- fax:-----819.647.6082
---------------------- voice:---819.647.5092

From mheat at mha-net.org Sun Jun 4 16:20:45 2000
From: mheat at mha-net.org (Norbert Senf)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Forwarding Verhaart on "grates"
In-Reply-To: <200006041216.IAA16522@adan.kingston.net>
Message-ID: <4.2.2.20000604151300.00cb1100@127.0.0.1>

At 08:14 AM 2000-06-04 -0500, *.English wrote:

> > >One thing that can (according to some authorities but don't ask me who)
> > >happen in a diffusion flame is temperature rise in the unburnt gases with
> > >thermal decomposition (cracking) producing a tail of soot.
>
>What ultimately differentiates soot from other non gaseous emissions?

Both soot and tar droplets are classed as particulate matter (PM) by EPA.
You can get different amounts of tar depending on how you sample the flue
gas (hot or cold), therefore the sampling protocol is important in order to
have comparable numbers.

From a health point of view, soot is considerably more benign than some of
the tars, in particular the PAH's (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons).
Therefore, it is useful to also have some characterization of the
particulate makeup.

During masonry heater testing at OMNI a number of years ago, one of the
things measured on one test was the non-soluble fraction of the particulate
catch (non-soluble in acetone). For the masonry heater in question it was
around 70%, which was considered quite good. I'd assume that the non
soluble portion is soot and fly ash.

The Austrians did some PAH testing in 1985. Again, masonry heaters were
quite good compared to a conventional woodburning stove. It appears that
PAH may vary by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude, depending on the type of
combustion system used for cordwood.

From john at gulland.ca Mon Jun 5 12:21:05 2000
From: john at gulland.ca (John Gulland)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: "grates"
In-Reply-To: <200006041216.IAA16522@adan.kingston.net>
Message-ID: <LPBBJBLEIKHIICEIEMANGENOCEAA.john@gulland.ca>

Alex wrote:
John Gulland has described a woman in Honduras or Nicaragua, maintaining a
clean single flame cooking fire by kindling a few small sticks next to on
end of a large one. This could be an example of an air limited fuel zone.
John?
===
I couldn't comment on that. I was just marveling at the ingenuity of a
monetarily poor Honduran woman who, with the crudest of equipment, produced
a smokeless fire.
===

Norbert wrote:
I wouldn't expect much particulates during the charcoal phase. CO is
characteristically high, don't know if a grate could reduce it. CO from
woodburning isn't really considered to be a pollution problem in North
America, whereas particulates are. The advantage of a grate during the
charcoal phase in a batch burn in a masonry heater is that the fire is over
faster, and the flue damper can be closed sooner, thus reducing stack
losses.
snip
When we were testing masonry heaters, we confirmed right away that grates
were bad, so did not spend much time on further tests on them.

====
I think my experience and intuition is similar to Norbert's. Back in 1980
when the VP of sales of the manufacturing company I was with asked me to
develop a coal furnace that could also burn wood (6 month deadline!!). My
staff and I whipped up a prototype with grates. It burned coal fine but
produced a lot of smoke during the flaming phase of the wood fire. It also
chewed through its wood charcoal phase very quickly, which is not so good
for a furnace intended to burn a load over night. In those days we didn't
have access to continuous analyzers (just Orsat) so our impressions were
based mostly on observation and intuition. It looked like oxygen
concentration and temperature had fallen too far to support combustion as
the gases rose from under fire through the fuel load and reached the
all-important over fire area. Even adding secondary air didn't help because
the temperature was too low. On the other hand, the charcoal burned well, I
think, because of greater turbulence and intimate contact as the air flowed
up through the pieces.

We had our best success with fires burning directly on firebrick and the use
of a large horizontal baffle to limit combustion to one section of the load
at a time, somewhat like users of three stone fires do when they push sticks
into the fire as they are consumed. You can't really do that when
combustion air reaches the fuel from under a grate.
=======
Norbert also wrote,
Combustion testing is in its infancy for fireplaces. I've seen more effects
from how the wood is stacked, wood sizing, etc., than from anything else.

Fireplaces in North America are luxury items, not used for serious heating,
in fact not used much at all except at ski resorts, or around Christmas.
This is why efforts to study them have been limited.
====
I don't want to be too picky, but I resist the pejorative use of the term
fireplace to mean an open device with no combustion system. I would call
that a conventional open fireplace. I define a fireplace as a unit that is
built into the structure of the house, to distinguish it from a
free-standing space heater. Webster's dictionary, "fireplace: a recess, as
in a wall, for a fire; hearth". I think the average person visualizes that
when they hear the term fireplace. And I don't think the fire burning
behind glass makes it any less a fireplace. Today I can go into any
fireplace store and buy something that, once installed, looks just like
anyone's conception of a fireplace yet produces about 70% net efficiency and
around 6g/h particulate emissions. I like fireplaces, specifically the
advanced type. But I am no fan of conventional fireplaces.

Regards,
John Gulland
The Wood Heat Organization Inc.
www.woodheat.org
A non-commercial service in support of responsible home heating with wood

From kchishol at fox.nstn.ca Tue Jun 6 09:07:18 2000
From: kchishol at fox.nstn.ca (Kevin Chisholm)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Grates
In-Reply-To: <200005260310.XAA23078@adan.kingston.net>
Message-ID: <393CF75B.48A844C9@fox.nstn.ca>

Dear * :-)

"*.english" wrote:
>
> A response to recent comments about grates.
>
> Stovers,
> It is interesting that batch fed cordwood burners have evolved to
> limit air flow up through the fuel. It would be useful to
> discuss the reasons, and see if any of them are relevant for simple
> continuously fed cooking stoves.

Wood gassifies so easily, that if air is introduced through the fuel
bed, there is an enormous increase in gassification rate, and a
similarily enormous requirement for secondary air. On the other hand,
until the wood bed starts to gassify, there is an enormous excess of
secondary air. Basically then, introducing primary air through the fuel
bed leads to erratic and unstable firing conditions, and a need for more
complex air control systems.

The cooking stove experts, Prasad,
> Dean and Grant Ballard-Tremeer, to name a few, have been promoting
> under fire air, or "grates", in route to more complete combustion.

"Stoves", as cooking devices, are generally much smaller, and their fuel
quality is generally much more uniform. As long as one knows the fuel
conditions, one can use grates for "underfuel primary air introduction",
and can reasonably approximate the burn rate, and use relatively fixed
air control means.
>
> I think this is an issue worth looking at more closely. When is a
> stove, a gasifier? and can the benefits be as dramatic as the
> following example?

All stoves are gassifiers.... no fuel burns unless it is in the gaseous
state.
>
> Some time ago I experimented with Approvecho's Rocket stove. I used
> commercial wooden tongue depressors as a "standardized" fuel.
>
> At first, I slid them into the stove so they extend into the
> stove like the fingers on your hand, forming a grate of burning
> sticks. Air flows up through and in over top of the sticks. The stove
> was in a vent hood and I continuously monitored CO and CO2, while
> also qualitatively observed the flames extending out of the top of
> the stove. There was no pot. I found that many small flame fingers
> with smoky tips was the typical result.

Excess gassification, and insufficient secondary air to burn the
generated gases.
>
> Next, I tried folding up the sticks and tossing them into a pile on
> top of the ashes and coals in the stove. It was not a sustainable
> process as the pile just kept getting bigger. However the combustion
> dynamic was quiet different. The mound was noticeably air starved with
> a flame boundary forming around and above it. The flame was more
> billowy with no smoky tips, and CO dropped while CO2 increased in
> comparison to the previous grate burning trial.

Gasification rate of the wood was reduced, and there was sufficient
secondary air availability to burn a higher percentage of gases to
completion.
>
> So I think that I have seen an example of a combustion dynamic
> that was momentarily better than the grate based process. However, I
> am still contemplating possible explanations.

> Would anyone be willing to propose an explanation?

If the primary air (underfuel air used for gasification) was reduced,
you could probably get equivalent results.

Kindest regards,

Kevin Chisholm
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
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From english at adan.kingston.net Wed Jun 7 12:24:49 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: (Fwd) saw-dust stoves
Message-ID: <200006071624.MAA06197@adan.kingston.net>

------- Forwarded Message Follows -------
From: "B.K.N." <khamatinjenga@avu.org>
Subject: saw-dust stoves
To: english@adan.kingston.net
Date: Wed, 7 Jun 2000 10:24:40 -0400

Hello,
I am new to the stovers' discussion group and I am not sure if this is the way
to get a message to the group. I am an old time biomass stoves enthusiast who
has been out of touch for many years. I now have a research student working on
biomass stoves and we are unable to find literature on current/recent work in
this field. Please help with titles and sources.
Thanking you,
Beatrice

Beatrice Khamati Njenga
Kenyatta University
Appropriate Technology Centre
Fax 02-253545
Phone 02-810901
e-mail excel@form-net.com

Dr. Beatrice Khamati Njenga
Kenyatta University
Appropriate Technology Centre
P.O.Box 43844, Nairobi, Kenya
Phone 254-2-810782
e-mail khamatinjenga@avu.org
e-mail xcel@form-net.com

____________________________________________________
Get a free AVU E-mail account at http://www.avu.org

--960373481CoolFusion.com==--

From english at adan.kingston.net Wed Jun 7 23:22:21 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Stove use
Message-ID: <200006080322.XAA20246@adan.kingston.net>

Lori,

I think I understand your thinking. Here are some of my concerns and
comments.

1. Insurance and building codes.... need I say more.
2. Scale. The Turbo is small. It could be bigger and burn longer.
How much water do you want to heat? how fast? with what temperature
rise? How often do you want to load this stove?
3. Efficiency. The Turbo heating a pot might be half as
efficient at heating water as your boiler.
4. Venting. The exhaust from the stove should not be considered safe
indoors.

Alex

PS. The ceramic briquettes might make a rugged grate.

From francesca_maniatis at hotmail.com Thu Jun 8 03:09:52 2000
From: francesca_maniatis at hotmail.com (Francesca Maniatis)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: No Subject
Message-ID: <20000608070921.18259.qmail@hotmail.com>

Good morning, my name is Francesca Maniatis. I recently became a list
member as I am interested in starting a charcoal making business. Could you
possibly tell me how I would go about finding out how to make a Metal Kiln -
is there anywhere I can get plans from ???

I have been receiving countless mails about stoves, I just need to know how
to find the information I need on charcoal stoves.

Your help would be greatly appreciated.

Thanks

Francesca
________________________________________________________________________
Get Your Private, Free E-mail from MSN Hotmail at http://www.hotmail.com

From jovick at vogon.capescott.net Thu Jun 8 11:59:48 2000
From: jovick at vogon.capescott.net (John Flottuick)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: dubbles
Message-ID: <001901bfd148$f8b00940$6fb8fea9@computer>

Dear stoves

All my mail from stoves comes in as dubbles, each
e-mail comes as two.
I'm trying to trace the problem. Anyone else on the
list have this same
problem?
<FONT face=Arial
size=2>
Sincerly John Flottvik.

From tmiles at teleport.com Thu Jun 8 13:54:56 2000
From: tmiles at teleport.com (Tom Miles)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: dubbles
In-Reply-To: <001901bfd148$f8b00940$6fb8fea9@computer>
Message-ID: <4.3.2.20000608105454.041728e0@mail.teleport.com>

John (and others who may be seeing double)

We have you subscribed with two addresses:
jovick@vogon.capescott.net
jovick@capescott.net

This is the usual cause of double vision.

Since you posted your message from jovick@vogon.capescott.net I'll
unsubscribe the other one (jovick@capescott.net) which should solve the
problem.

Regards,

Tom Miles
Bioenergy List Administrator

At 08:56 AM 6/8/00 -0400, John Flottuick wrote:
>Dear stoves
>
>All my mail from stoves comes in as dubbles, each e-mail comes as two.
>I'm trying to trace the problem. Anyone else on the list have this same
>problem?
> Sincerly John Flottvik.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thomas R. Miles tmiles@teleport.com
Technical Consultants, Inc. Tel (503) 292-0107/646-1198
1470 SW Woodward Way Fax (503) 292-2919/646-4406
Portland, Oregon, USA 97225

From elk at net2000ke.com Fri Jun 9 12:44:53 2000
From: elk at net2000ke.com (Elsen Karstad)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Hydraulic Ram..... briquetter?
Message-ID: <001401bfd231$ae71fe80$a441cac3@preferrc>

Stovers;

I've had some success (at last) in densifying charcoal
vendor's waste with an electric pump-operated hydraulic ram.

The ram itself is similar to those used in tipper trucks, and
has a 1.4 m stroke. I've affixed a wooden plunger (piston) and compress charcoal
powder within a 1.3 m long 20 cm dia. steel pipe.

A cluster of 27 pipes, 2.5 cm dia. by 12 cm long, were
initially affixed to the exit in an effort to extrude the moistened (40% water)
vendor's waste powder. This proved impossible, as the tendency was to press
water out and form a single block of compressed charcoal powders. One BIG
briquette......

I have today begun to obtain some satisfactory results by
using four knives across the exit to slice up the big briquette as it exits the
pipe- three blades placed equidistant vertically and one bisecting horizontally.
The process is started by firmly fixing a perforated steel screen at the exit,
half filling the pipe with well-rammed powder, and replacing the screen with the
knives. If the rammed plug of moist vendors waste charcoal powder is not
completely pushed out, it provides sufficient back-pressure for repeated short
ram strokes. The cylinder is breech-filled at the distal end and 40 cm strokes
of the piston maintains a firm compression as the compacted material is forced
to exit past the knife blades. The result is the extrusion of eight blocks- four
of which are rather triangular in shape, and four which have a cross-section of
5X10 cm. all of which tend to break off at between 5 to 7 cm
thickness.

A tray is used to collect the compacted material, and about
25% of the material breaks up, to be returned to the press. The largest pieces
are manually broken in half by hand at the chicken-mesh sun/air drying racks.
Initial tests indicate that these rather irregularly shaped 'block' briquettes
take up to four days to dry on racks in semi-sunny weather.

The first burn, done today (and again now, as I type) are
gratifying, with quick lighting and complete but slow combustion. They exhibit
usual no-smoke, no-smell, no-sparks attributes of briquettes made from salvaged
charcoal vendors waste. Ash is in the region of 30%.

The irregular shapes of this product allows for good air-flow
in the ceramic lined 'improved jiko' I use. The briquette-blocks are
surprisingly hard when dry- probably harder and denser than regular wood
charcoal. The kind of LOOK like regular charcoal, as a matter of
fact.....

I've yet to determine output rates for this machine. Will be
testing that tomorrow.

All for now.

elk
<FONT color=#000000
size=2> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Elsen L. Karstad , P.O.
Box 24371 Nairobi Kenya<A
href="mailto:elk@net2000ke.com">elk@net2000ke.com
tel/fax (+ 254 2) 884437

From kchishol at fox.nstn.ca Fri Jun 9 14:18:15 2000
From: kchishol at fox.nstn.ca (Kevin Chisholm)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Hydraulic Ram..... briquetter?
In-Reply-To: <001401bfd231$ae71fe80$a441cac3@preferrc>
Message-ID: <394134A9.A4CFEF3F@fox.nstn.ca>

Dear Elsen

> Elsen Karstad wrote:
>
> Stovers;
>
> I've had some success (at last) in densifying charcoal vendor's waste
> with an electric pump-operated hydraulic ram.
>
> The ram itself is similar to those used in tipper trucks, and has a
> 1.4 m stroke. I've affixed a wooden plunger (piston) and compress
> charcoal powder within a 1.3 m long 20 cm dia. steel pipe.
>
> A cluster of 27 pipes, 2.5 cm dia. by 12 cm long, were initially
> affixed to the exit in an effort to extrude the moistened (40% water)
> vendor's waste powder. This proved impossible, as the tendency was to
> press water out and form a single block of compressed charcoal
> powders. One BIG briquette......

I would suggest that the pipes were the problem... they were simply too
long. If they were about 2" or 3", it probably would have worked the
first time. Try cutting them down to 6", and then 5" and then 4", etc,
until the briquette cylinders extrude the way you want them.

> I have today begun to obtain some satisfactory results by using four
> knives across the exit to slice up the big briquette as it exits the
> pipe- three blades placed equidistant vertically and one bisecting
> horizontally. The process is started by firmly fixing a perforated
> steel screen at the exit, half filling the pipe with well-rammed
> powder, and replacing the screen with the knives. If the rammed plug
> of moist vendors waste charcoal powder is not completely pushed out,
> it provides sufficient back-pressure for repeated short ram strokes.
> The cylinder is breech-filled at the distal end and 40 cm strokes of
> the piston maintains a firm compression as the compacted material is
> forced to exit past the knife blades. The result is the extrusion of
> eight blocks- four of which are rather triangular in shape, and four
> which have a cross-section of 5X10 cm. all of which tend to break off
> at between 5 to 7 cm thickness.

If this gives you results that you are happy with, then stay with it!!
(Doesn't matter if it is right or wrong, if it works, its right!!)

> A tray is used to collect the compacted material, and about 25% of the
> material breaks up, to be returned to the press. The largest pieces
> are manually broken in half by hand at the chicken-mesh sun/air drying
> racks. Initial tests indicate that these rather irregularly shaped
> 'block' briquettes take up to four days to dry on racks in semi-sunny
> weather.

If you have access to industrial power hacksaw blades, you can make very
cheap knives out of them.... grind off the dull teeth, to a knife form.
Then mount them in a way where they are STAGGERED.... you should be able
to shave off pieces from your "main extrusion" in a way that you don't
introduce too much "sideways compressive forces" that would tend to
crumble the "main extrusion."
>
> The first burn, done today (and again now, as I type) are gratifying,
> with quick lighting and complete but slow combustion. They exhibit
> usual no-smoke, no-smell, no-sparks attributes of briquettes made from
> salvaged charcoal vendors waste. Ash is in the region of 30%.

Great!!
>
> The irregular shapes of this product allows for good air-flow in the
> ceramic lined 'improved jiko' I use. The briquette-blocks are
> surprisingly hard when dry- probably harder and denser than regular
> wood charcoal. The kind of LOOK like regular charcoal, as a matter of
> fact.....
>
> I've yet to determine output rates for this machine. Will be testing
> that tomorrow.
>
You should get a Gold Star for Resourcefulness!!

Kindest regards,

From Reedtb2 at cs.com Tue Jun 13 09:15:02 2000
From: Reedtb2 at cs.com (Reedtb2@cs.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:35 2004
Subject: Possible solution to a problem
Message-ID: <9.6afe1e6.26778d92@cs.com>

Dear Richard:

I was very interested in your "Mormon Stove" as a possible progenitor to our
"inverted downdraft" (ie top burning and charcoal making) stove. I believe
such a stove was also discussed at the stove site a few years ago by Duke in
Iowa.

If you can find anything written on this stove in the Mormon archives, or
suggest where I might write, I would very much appreciate it.

Your stove is fine - but requires charcoal, a "refined" fuel that wastes 60%
of the wood energy in its manufacture. OK for us US resource wasters, but
not for the energy efficient world that is evolving.

Our "Turbo stove" uses ALL the energy in the biomass - or alternatively can
make up to 25% charcoal, cooking with the volatiles. Addition of forced
convection makes it much more intense and much cleaner. (See www.gocpc.com)

Thanks again TOM REED CPC/BEF

In a message dated 5/27/00 3:56:35 PM Mountain Daylight Time,
rboetcke@bitcorp.net writes:

> Stovers:
>
> For those of you that have not read any of the few postings that I have
> rendered. Here goes! Back in 1985 I started working on a combination
> cooking stove that will allow the use of most all cooking utensils. It
> is fired by charcoal. I have made some changes to the original stove and
> it is patent pending at this time. I have a manufacturer interested and
> the stove will be on the market in the spring of 2001. Visit my web
> site at "http://www.chrbo.com" One thing that comes to mind as I write
> this. Many of you are looking for particular types of insulation
> materials and various designs to allow people in poorer countries to
> make fires and cook meals. The stove must be practical, it must work
> properly and it must be very inexpensive. I will tell you of such a
> stove. It is very practical, it works and it is free except for two
> small pieces of steel to serve as a cooking surface. I would find it
> hard to believe that ancient cultures have not used this design, but I
> am certainly no expert on anything in particular much less
> anthropology. To the point. I presently live in Utah and remember
> hearing about a Mormon stove. After doing a little research, I find
> that a Mormon stove is simply two holes in the ground, connected with a
> channel between them. You put the fuel in hole #1, cover it with a
> grate made of two pieces of metal and you light the fire. Hole #2
> supplies the required air to the fire. Temperature is controlled by
> starving air by closing off hole #2. Simple enough! I have not been
> interested in researching the workings of this kind of stove because my
> stove is designed for other than third world countries and the concern
> for me is no trace, versatile cooking. If anyone wants to try building
> a Mormon stove, I think that everyone would be interested in the
> results. Good luck
>
> Richard C. Boetcker
>
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From english at adan.kingston.net Tue Jun 13 22:00:18 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Grates
Message-ID: <200006140200.WAA14823@adan.kingston.net>

Kevin,

> If the primary air (underfuel air used for gasification) was reduced,
> you could probably get equivalent results.

The quantitative mathematical relationship of air and fuel which I
think you are describing, doesn't quite explain my observation.
Smoky tips show up with a "grate" fire before there is any shortage
of over fire air. Kerosene lamp flames go sooty for reason other than
lack of air. There are still subtleties associated with the formation
of soot, or smoky flame tips, which Peter Verhaart referred to.
Some combination of fluid dynamics and chemistry perhaps.

I think it is in the way the flame flickers.

Alex

> Kindest regards,
>
> Kevin Chisholm
> The Stoves List is Sponsored by
> Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
> Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
> Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
> http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
> http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
> For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
> http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm
>
>
Alex English
RR 2 Odessa, Ontario, Canada
K0H2H0 613-386-1927
Fax 613-386-1211

From reecon at mitsuminet.com Wed Jun 14 14:06:09 2000
From: reecon at mitsuminet.com (Reecon)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Metal or Masonry Kiln designs
Message-ID: <00e801bfd62b$5a5ac860$3d5f31d4@reecon>

My name is Wycliffe Nabutola Musungu. I recently became a list
member. My company Known as REECON, Renewable Energy Engineering
Contaractors, is involved in the Fabrication and installation of Renewable
Energy conversion systems. Presently we are trying to set up a Charcoal,
Charcoal Briquettes and Active Carbon production unit from Pine treee
stumps, Branches roots and Leaves. We would be very greatfull if we got any
information that will assist us especially any body who has been involved in
the production of charcoal from Pine trees and any Metal or Masonry Kiln
designs.

ThankYou.
Musungu.

From english at adan.kingston.net Thu Jun 15 07:15:14 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: (Fwd) Boiling Point 45; Low-cost electrification
Message-ID: <200006151115.HAA08014@adan.kingston.net>

Dear Mr Larsen
Could I please ask you to publish this request for articles for the next
edition of Boiling Point. Although it is possibly a little less relevant to
many of those who contribute regularly to the stoves network, nevertheless
there may be people who would like to disseminate their work.
Many thanks, Liz
------------------------------------------------------------
Dear Colleagues
It has come round to that time again when I ask for articles for the
next edition of Boiling Point. For those who do not know of the journal, it
is published twice per year, deals with all aspects of household energy and
has a worldwide readership. (Even if you do not wish to write an article,
but would like to receive a copy, please let me know <lizb@itdg.org.uk>.)
This time the theme is 'low-cost electrification for household
energy'. Below is an outline of the kind of articles that we would like to
publish. I've also listed topics that were identified at the editorial
meeting as of particular interest. If you would like to write on these, or
any other related topics, I would be very pleased to hear from you. Thank
you, Liz Bates
In general:
* Articles should be about 1500 words in length
* Illustrations, such as photographs and line drawings are essential.
JPG files are fine, provided that they are scanned at very high definition,
or from a very big drawing; the typesetter has found some of the recent ones
difficult to reproduce to a high quality
* Articles can be submitted as typescripts, by email or on disc
(preferably WORD)

BP45: Low-cost electrification for household energy. Boiling Point usually
focuses its attention on producing heat for cooking and space heating.
However, the quality of people's lives can be improved greatly by access to
light, radio, TV, and small power tools etc. In this edition, we invite all
those working in the field of low-cost electrification to submit material.
We are interested in methods of generation and uses for electricity.
Information about technical, institutional and financial mechanisms for
allowing poor people to access electricity (both on and off-grid) is also
welcome.

Possible topics:
General: Case studies on quality of life improvements; selecting appropriate
options; enabling policy measures; wealth creation through manufacture or
increased opportunities created by electrification;
Generation: Wind; solar; micro & pico-hydro; biogas; biofuelled generators
Distribution: Low-cost connection (grid or stand-alone); urban connections;
stand-alone systems; case studies of successful mechanisms;
Management: Maintenance; local management systems (rural and urban); tariff
structures; electricity standards applied to poor communities
End-uses: Technical uses (eg solar lanterns etc.)

Liz Bates
lizb@itdg.org.uk
Intermediate Technology Development Group
Schumacher Centre for Technology Development
Bourton Hall
Bourton On Dunsmore
Warwickshire
CV23 9QZ
Tel: +44 - 01788 661100
Fax: +44 - 01788 661101
http://www.oneworld.org/itdg
http:/www.itdg.org.pe

Company Reg. No 871954, England
Charity No 247257

From mheat at mha-net.org Sat Jun 17 09:26:35 2000
From: mheat at mha-net.org (Norbert Senf)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: OMNI Fireplace Tests
Message-ID: <4.2.2.20000617082844.00c4c440@127.0.0.1>

Hello Everyone:

Several months ago, OMNI-Test Services (Portland, Oregon) ran a series of
emisssions tests on a stove and on four fireplaces, comparing the EPA and
the Northern Sonoma fueling protocols.

The results have just been released and are quite interesting. Check MHA
News for a preview:

http://mha-net.org/docs/v8n2/v8n2.htm

From tnntpr at hermes.tue.nl Mon Jun 19 07:52:20 2000
From: tnntpr at hermes.tue.nl (tnntpr@hermes.tue.nl)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: dubbles
In-Reply-To: <001901bfd148$f8b00940$6fb8fea9@computer>
Message-ID: <200006191152.e5JBqC002972@mailhost.tue.nl>

Dear Stove list administrator/s

As John Flottuick complained I also get too many "doubles" on my mail
from the various lists administered by CREST. I wonder whether there
is any remedy for it.

Prasad
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
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From rdboyt at yahoo.com Mon Jun 19 17:52:39 2000
From: rdboyt at yahoo.com (Richard Boyt)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Sustainable Forest Management
Message-ID: <20000619215155.2194.qmail@web616.mail.yahoo.com>

Stovers,

Recent entries to the stoves and gasification lists

by Dr. Reed, Birse, Davies, Singfield, Chisholm. and
many others point out the wisdom of substituting
sustainably grown wood energy for that of
non-sustainable fossil fuels.

In addition to their energy potential, trees can
also be cut for lumber, pulped for paper, and be
mechanically and chemically broken down to fill
countless other uses.

Carefully managed forests can be sustainably grown
and harvested and at the same time build and hold
soil,
purify air and water, provide recreation for people,
habitat for wildlife, and even modify local climate by
tempering extremes of temperature and moisture.

For the past 25 years we have been trying to
discover ways to sustainably manage a 720 acre
Missouri ozark forest of uneven-aged mixed oak-hickory
hardwoods. In past years forests in our area were
repeatedly degraded by high-grading harvests, that is,
cut the best and leave the rest. The rest were the
culls that were too poor to have any value and so they
were left to produce seed for the next generations of
trees.

Because of this abusive and non-sustainable
practice the quality of our forests have so declined
that many have now been clearcut and planted in grass.
It takes only a few dozer days to level forests that
took generations to mature. Yet, harvesting our
forests need not result in their decline. In fact, a
carefully marked and executed selective harvest can
actually improve a forest by reducing the proportion
of culls, less desirable species, defective, and
over-mature declining trees. This opens the sky to the
finest and most vigorously promising remaining trees
to grow and to continue to parent future generations.

In harvesting a tree for lumber only about half of
the bulk is used. Unless the tops and limbs are cut
for firewood they are usually left on the forest floor
to
decay and feed termites. In our area firewood doesn't
pay labor for cutting. It brings only about $35 cut,
split, and delivered for a rick or face cord. Chipping
brings even less, Perhaps as fossil fuels become more
expensive in years to come, this now waste wood will
be used to replace a portion of them, but until then,
how many more acres of forest will disappear?

I suggest that today's forests and their many
benefits may be greatly undervalued. The playing field
is far from level. Educating the public of the future
advantages of protecting and expanding forest land
could be a beginning. The principle problem however is
one of economics. Perhaps sustainably managed forests
might justify certain tax advantages. Perhaps lumber
and firewood cut from sustainably managed forests
might bring premium prices. Perhaps very low
forest-impact machines could be designed to
efficiently harvest bulk waste wood to be burned in
industrial furnaces.

Perhaps it is not yet too late to prepare for a
future that threatens to be far less than just a
mirror of the past.

Dick Boyt rdboyt@yahoo.com
20479 Panda
Neosho, MO 64850

__________________________________________________
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From kchishol at fox.nstn.ca Tue Jun 20 09:47:36 2000
From: kchishol at fox.nstn.ca (Kevin Chisholm)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Sustainable Forest Management
In-Reply-To: <20000619215155.2194.qmail@web616.mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <394F75E8.39973D96@fox.nstn.ca>

Dear Richard

Richard Boyt wrote:
>
> Stovers,
>
...del...
>
> Carefully managed forests can be sustainably grown
> and harvested and at the same time build and hold
> soil,
> purify air and water, provide recreation for people,
> habitat for wildlife, and even modify local climate by
> tempering extremes of temperature and moisture.
>
> For the past 25 years we have been trying to
> discover ways to sustainably manage a 720 acre
> Missouri ozark forest of uneven-aged mixed oak-hickory
> hardwoods. In past years forests in our area were
> repeatedly degraded by high-grading harvests, that is,
> cut the best and leave the rest. The rest were the
> culls that were too poor to have any value and so they
> were left to produce seed for the next generations of
> trees.
>
The problem is that we have too much wood, and consequently, we get too
little for it when we sell it. We cannot make enough money to justify
anything other than a "tree hunter philosophy". "Careful Management"
costs money, and requires a sense of future on the part of the
harvester. As a Woods Contractor buying stumpage, I have no incentive to
selectively harvest.... I make most money by highgrading. As an
Enlightened Landowner, with no immediate need for the cash, I then have
the luxury of doing things in a way which result in the higher dollar
yield from my land. Sadly, most of us need the money NOW!! :-) And what
little we get is insufficient to do little, if any, sensible Forest
Management.

Because of this abusive and non-sustainable
> practice the quality of our forests have so declined
> that many have now been clearcut and planted in grass.

Sadly, this is perhaps necessary, to drive up the value of the remaining
wood, to the point that people can afford to manage it properly.

...del...
> In harvesting a tree for lumber only about half of
> the bulk is used. Unless the tops and limbs are cut
> for firewood they are usually left on the forest floor
> to
> decay and feed termites. In our area firewood doesn't
> pay labor for cutting. It brings only about $35 cut,
> split, and delivered for a rick or face cord. Chipping
> brings even less, Perhaps as fossil fuels become more
> expensive in years to come, this now waste wood will
> be used to replace a portion of them, but until then,
> how many more acres of forest will disappear?

At such prices, it is no wonder that people don't utilize the full
tree!! As fuel oil prices increase, then the price of fuel wood will
increase, hopefully to the point where people can make enough money to
justify using the resource.
>
> I suggest that today's forests and their many
> benefits may be greatly undervalued. The playing field
> is far from level.

Very much so!!! For one thing, the value of the "non-contribution to the
Greenhouse Effect" when burning wood fuel is not properly credited. The
problem is that the benefits are gained by the Environment as a whole,
but the cost of providing this benefit is totally borne by the wood
cutter and the stove user.

Educating the public of the future
> advantages of protecting and expanding forest land
> could be a beginning. The principle problem however is
> one of economics. Perhaps sustainably managed forests
> might justify certain tax advantages. Perhaps lumber
> and firewood cut from sustainably managed forests
> might bring premium prices.

Economics are "where its at." Perhaps the time has not yet come for
Forest Management to be economically sound? Perhaps there are too many
other inequities in energy pricing to justify forest management?

Perhaps the way to start is to price fossil fuels according to their
total cost to the environment..... this would go a long way toward
making forest management economic.

Perhaps very low
> forest-impact machines could be designed to
> efficiently harvest bulk waste wood to be burned in
> industrial furnaces.
>
If wood sold for a decent price, then all these things would fall in
place.

Kindest regards,

From english at adan.kingston.net Tue Jun 20 10:10:10 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Charcoal production equipment
Message-ID: <200006201410.KAA02842@adan.kingston.net>

From: "Lorenzo Marzolo" <"lmarzolo.ENERGIA_VERDE"@gener.cl>
To: stoves@crest.org

Our company Energfa Verde S.A. in Chile is looking for industrial charcoal
production equipment using wood as raw material. We are planning a plant
for 1,500 to 2,000 tonne per year of charcoal, but we also have interest
in smaller and/or mobile plants.

Please if someone knows a company that manufactures these type of
equipments, please send me their e-mail adress or web site.

Thanks you,

L. Marzolo
Energfa Verde S.A.
O'Higgins 940, Of. 901
Concepci=n, Chile
Fone: 56-41-253228
Fax : 56-41-253227

From english at adan.kingston.net Tue Jun 20 17:10:42 2000
From: english at adan.kingston.net (*.English)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: (Fwd) Conference Announcement
Message-ID: <200006202110.RAA10014@adan.kingston.net>

Stovers,
Here is the second announcement of the conference.
IMPORTANT:
Please note that the Government of India's Ministry of Foreign
Affairs has requested the following information from all non-Indian
participants.
Name and Parentage
Date and Place of Birth
Details of Passport (validity, date of issue, place of issue, date of
expiry)
Current Address and Permanent Address
Some of you have already provided some of the above information,
which has been communicated to the Ministry, however the security
clearance from GOI will not be issued till all the information is
provided. Sorry about all this red tapeism, but can't help it...
We are still looking for funds to meet the travel expenses of some
of you, but no luck so far. Let's keep hoping for the best. Please also
note that the deadline for abstracts has been extended to August-end.
Thank you for your response to the conference and co-operation. I am
looking forward to seeing all of you in November.
Regards,
Priyadarshini Karve.

International Conference on Biomass-based Fuels and Cooking Systems
(BFCS-2000)

November 20-24, 2000

Second Circular

For More Information, Contact:

Convener, BFCS-2000,
Appropriate Rural Technology Institute (ARTI),
2nd Fl., Maninee Apartments, S. No. 13, Opp. Pure Foods Co.,
Dhayarigaon, Pune 411 041, India.
Phone: 91 020 4390348/4392284
E-mail: karve@wmi.co.in, adkarve@pn2.vsnl.net.

Introduction

Over the past few years, considerable research effort has been aimed at
finding the means of efficient and emission-free utilisation of biomass
for satisfying the domestic energy needs. The emphasis of the Conference
shall be on the new trends of biomass energy research, viz., conversion
of biomass into higher grade fuels (char, alcohol, combustible gases,
etc.) and, stove designs for efficient utilisation of these fuels,
mainly for cooking. The conference shall also include special sessions
on strategies for popularisation and commercialisation of improved
stoves and biomass-based fuels among the rural people in the developing
countries, and health and environment-related issues involved in the use
of biomass for cooking and room heating, and possible solutions to the
problems.
The conference will have three days for deliberations (oral as well as
poster presentations) and two days for field trips. An exhibition-cum
demonstration of stoves and related products/technologies will be held
during the Conference.
Selected papers presented at the conference will be published in the
journal 'Energy for Sustainable Development'.

Registration fee: Rs. 500/- for Indian participants, US $50 for
non-Indian participants
Rent for Exhibition Space: Rs. 4000/- for Indian participants, US $100
for non-Indian participants
Last date for receipt of late abstracts: August 31, 2000
Last date for receipt of papers: July 31, 2000
Last date for receipt of papers (late abstracts): Sept.30, 2000
Last date for receipt of conference charges: Sept. 30, 2000

The charges must be paid by Demand Draft payable at Pune, drawn in the
name of eeAppropriate Rural Technology InstituteAE.

Late registration is allowed till November 20, 2000, with a late fee of
Rs.250/-.

Important Information

The conference will be held at Pune, situated about 150 km from Mumbai
(formerly Bombay), in the state of Maharashtra in India. Pune can be
reached by air, rail or road. The nearest international airport is at
Mumbai. The climate in November is pleasant, with the highest
temperature around 30 deg.C and the lowest around 10 deg.C.
The venue of BFCS-2000 is Dr. Manibhai Desai Management Training Centre,
BAIF Development Research Foundation, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National
Highway No. 4, Warje, Pune 411 029. The autorickshaw fare to the venue
from Pune railway station is about Rs.100/- and from the domestic
airport is about Rs.200/-.

Accomodation is arranged at the following locations. Kindly communicate
your accomodation requirement at the earliest.

1. Dr. Manibhai Desai Management Training Centre Guest House, BAIF
Development Research Foundation, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National
Highway No. 4, Warje, Pune 411 029.
Double rooms.
Double occupancy: Rs.250/-, Single occupancy: Rs.400/-; per person per
day

2. The President Hotel, Behind Kohinoor Mangal Karyalaya, Erandwane,
Prabhat Road, Pune 411 004.
Executive Rooms (Taxes extra).
Single Room: Rs.1900/- per day, Double room: Rs. 2400/- per day, Extra
bed: Rs.300/- per day.

The conference will be attended by...

Dr. Ronal Larson, Moderator, Stoves discussion group, CREST, USA.
Dr. Thomas Reed, Bioenergy Division, Community Power Corporation, USA.
Dr. Yuri Yudkevitch, St. Petersburg Forest Technical Academy, Russia.
Dr. Rogerio Miranda, Asesor Tecnico Principal PROLE-A, Nicaragua.
Dr. Ray Wijewardene, biomass researcher, Sri Lanka.
Stove scientists from Technical Back-up-support Units under National
Programme on Improved Chulha in India.
Researchers from Indian Institutes of Technology and other national
research organisations in India.
A number of improved stove manufacturers and rural development activists
from India and abroad.
Representatives of Government of India's Ministry of Nonconventional
Energy Sources, World Bank, FAO, governments of developing countries and
many many others...

Conference Organising Committee

Convener: Dr. A.D. Karve, President, ARTI
Co-Convener: Shri R.D. Hanbar, Senior Scientific Officer, ARTI TBU
Secretary: Dr. Priyadrshini Karve, Lecturer in Physics, Sinhagad College
of Engineering, Pune.
Treasurer: Shri A.V. Barate, Treasurer, ARTI
Members: Members of ARTI
Advisors:
Dr. Ronal Larson, stove scientist, USA.
Prof. Dr. G.S. Tasgaonkar, Chairman, Institution of Engineers Pune
Chapter, India.

From rdboyt at yahoo.com Tue Jun 20 21:02:11 2000
From: rdboyt at yahoo.com (Richard Boyt)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Char/Clay Insulation
Message-ID: <20000621010140.8740.qmail@web615.mail.yahoo.com>

Stovers,

In working on designs for small, simple, portable
cooking stoves I have stumbled upon combinations of
several commonly found materials that might prove
useful in forming an inexpensive, easily made, light
weight, high temperature stove insulation.

First I must acknowledge my debt to the
observations on insulations and the encouragements
offered by Dr. Tom Reed, Dean Still, Elsen Karsted,
Dr. Ronal Larsen, Alrx English, Norbert Snef, Kevin
Chisholm, and so many others. I single out one
additional name for particular recognition, Dr. Larry
Winiarsky of Aprovecho. I walk small in the company of
giants.

Early testing suggests the advantages of combining
a slurry of common clay, various sizes of graded
charcoal particles, and water into a consistency much
like that of a concrete mix of sand, gravel, cement,
and water. When wet, the mix can be molded or cast to
shape, and upon drying becomes fairly rigid and
remains so at temperatures exceeding red heat. The
clay serves to coat the char particles, excluding air
and preventing its oxidation.

Admittedly, the insulative performance of this
char/clay mix does not compare favorably with
relatively expensive, commercial hi-temp insulations
such as vermiculite, blankets of spun alumina or
silica, and soft, light weight brick. However, while I
must buy any of these, I can sift for free char from
the ashes of our wood burning heating stove and I can
dig clay from the ground less than 100 feet from our
back door.

Different mixes of clay and char produce different
insulative and weight properties. More clay makes for
more weight and less insulation. Different
combinations of char particles pack a space more or
less completely. Different clays shrink more or less
forming larger or smaller cracks to be filled.

Alternative solutions.....fill an air-tight cavity
with char only and then seal the top with clay.....
mix clay with water-glass ..... glue char with
water-glass and leave out the clay. Though water-glass
is not expensive it isn't free and I haven't figured
how to make it. It does make a fairly good waterproof
seal that clay doesn't.

Char/clay is pretty good but I think I've got a
better one I'm working on...

Dick Boyt 20479 Panda, Neosho MO USA

rdboyt@yahoo.com

From elk at net2000ke.com Wed Jun 21 12:11:25 2000
From: elk at net2000ke.com (Elsen Karstad)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Sawdust Charcoal
Message-ID: <005001bfdb9a$eeb74d20$3346cac3@preferrc>

Stovers;

I just spent the last couple days scouting out the sawdust
piles 'round the base of Mount Kenya.

Mathew Owen (an expert on all things relating to domestic
energy and one of our quieter Stoves List members) and I are considering teaming
up to actually DO something about all that waste. We envision a
sawdust-to-charcoal briquetting plant that'll process around 60 tons/day wet
sawdust into something like 10 tons/day of clay-bound briquettes.

We will use the sawdust carbonising method I've developed
together an imported roller briquetter and lots of manual labour to produce
air/sun dried pillow-shaped briquettes that will compete directly with lump-wood
charcoal on the local market.

It's all coming together on paper that way, anyway........ And
there's a HUGE amount of almost totally unutilised sawdust here in Kenya.

If anyone can steer us toward any agencies that might help
fund this endeavour we are all ears. Please contact me with your advice.

There's a certain amount of R&D still required to scale up
my carboniser & drier to the required level, but we've got confidence. It's
not like buying commercially proven technology off the shelf- there is none
available that can produce the truly inexpensive fuel that we propose to
produce- we'll need to develop & apply it.

I'll (as usual) keep y'all informed of any progress we make
toward this project.

Oh yes- the hydraulic ram is working well- it can densify
around 200 kg/hr of charcoal vendor's waste into rectangular blocks of approx
4.5 cm X 3.5 cm X 7 cm. Big? yes- and they work very well indeed as poultry
brooder heater fuel. They are also a nice sized fuel-block for larger stoves, as
proven in my factory staff kitchen.

All for now;

elk
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Elsen
L. Karstad , P.O. Box 24371 Nairobi Kenya<A
href="mailto:elk@net2000ke.com">elk@net2000ke.com
tel/fax (+ 254 2) 884437

From reecon at mitsuminet.com Thu Jun 22 06:30:37 2000
From: reecon at mitsuminet.com (Reecon)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Brazilian congress is now voting on a project that will reduce the Amazon Forest to 50% of its size.
Message-ID: <00c601bfdc2f$1c356c20$545f31d4@reecon>

This is important!Brazilian congress is
now voting on a project that will reduce theamazon forest to 50% of its
size. The area to be deforested is 4
timethe          size of
Portugal and would be mainly used for agriculture andpastures
for          live
stock...          All the wood
is to be sold to international markets in theform of
wood          chips, by
multinational
companies...          The truth
is that the soil in the amazon forest is uselesswithout
the          forest itself. Its
quality is very acidic and the region isprone to constant floods. At this
time more than 160.000 squarekilometres deforested with the same
purpose, areabandoned and in the process of becoming
deserts.          We cannot
let this happen. Copy the text into a new email,
putyour
complete          name in the
list below, and send to everyone you know.
(Don'tjust
forward          it cause then
it will end up with rows of >>>'s
)          If you are the 100th
person to sign please send a copy
to          <A
href="mailto:fsaviolo@openlink.com.br">fsaviolo@openlink.com.br
Thank you.
01-Fernanda de Souza Saviolo - Rio de Janeiro - RJ -
18/06/83          02-Nara Maria
de Souza - Rio de Janeiro - RJ -
11/08/50          03-Julio
Cesar Fraga Viana - Rio de Janeiro - RJ -
01/01/54          04-Monica
Grotkowsky Brotto -Sao Paulo - SP -
23/08/77          05-Mauricio
Grotkowsky Brotto - S*o Paulo -SP
29/09/78          06-Ricardo A.
Corrallo - SP 16/08/75
07-Sunny Jonathan - SP
18/10/1970          08-Leonardo
Larsen Rocha - SC
23/01/1972          09-Evandro
Sestrem - SC
26/06/1979          10-Marco
Aurlio Wehrmeister - Blumenau - SC
18/06/1979          11-Angela
Maria Gonalves - Blumenau -SC
25/07/1959
12-Alessandra Bernardino - Blumenau - SC -
25/12/1980          13-Pedro
Carstens Penfold - Rio de Janeiro - RJ -
12/09/82          14-Annelena
Porto Delgado - S*o Paulo - SP -
27/07/77          15-Erica
Couto -S*o Paulo -SP
29/09/78          16-Elaine
Couto- S*o Paulo - SP
17-Tatiana de Almeida Voivodic - S*o
Paulo-SP          18-Solange B
Furlanetto - S*o Paulo /
SP          19-Marcos de Souza
Mello - S*o Paulo / SP
20-Eliane Santiago - S*o Paulo /
SP          21-Francisca J.
Bezerra Alves Ara*jo - S*o Paulo /
SP          22-Carlos Alberto
Dantas Junior - Rio de Janeiro /
RJ          23-Daniel Rodrigues
da Cruz - Rio de Janeiro /
RJ          24-Gabriella Gaida
- Rio de Janeiro - RJ -
04/05/72          25-Ceclia
Silva Teixeira Pinto - RJ -
03/06/75          26-Tania
Santos Miguel          27-Celso
Henrique Diniz Valente de Figueiredo - RJ -
10/08/49          28-Marcelo
Lopes Rheingantz - Rio de Janeiro - RJ -
20/12/80          29-Rodrigo
Tassinari de Oliveira - Rio de Janeiro - RJ
-19/04/83          30-Andr
Lobato Pinheiro - Rio de Janeiro - RJ -
07/07/81          31-Ismael dos
Santos Silva - RJ -
28/08/79          32-Gustavo
Alexandre Caetano Correa - RJ -
08/09/80          33-Juana
Varella Barca de Amorim - Rio de Janeiro,
14/03/83          34-Nara Faria
Silva -RJ- Rio de Janeiro ,
15/12/82          35-Isabella
Jaggi - SP - S*o Paulo,
03/12/82          36-Diana de
Andrade Freitas - Rio de Janeiro - RJ -
21/06/83          37-Karina
Dourado - S*o Paulo -
18/01/80          38-Pablo
Genuncio Garcia - Rio de Janeiro -
27-06-81          39-Fabola
Morais de Lucca - S*o Paulo -
03/02-78          40-Alexei
Morais de Lucca - S*o Paulo - SP -
12/08/75          41-Renata
Regina Roxo - S*o Paulo - SP -
03/11/74          42-Fernanda
Teixeira - S*o Paulo - SP -
17/09/76          43-Patricia
Freitas - S*o Paulo -
SP          44-Cintia Regina
K*rner - Alemanha - DE
-          45-Wolfgang K*rner -
Alemanha - DE
46-Roseani Vieira Rocha - San Francisco -
CA          47-Angela Ichimura
- S*o Paulo - SP
48-Assunta Viola - Sao Paulo -
SP          50-Marina Amaral -
Alemanha - DE
51-Fabian Rodrigues Caetano - Sao Paulo - SP -
15/01/1971          52-Luciana
Cabrera- Santa Barbara-
Ca          53- Andrea Torres-
Lahaina, Hawaii          54-
Carla Duarte- New York,
NY          55- Sergio Goes-
New York, NY          56- Itaal
Shur - New York, NY
57- Hiroyoku Sanada-New
York,NY          58- Marianne
Ebert-new york,NY          59-
Gloriana M. Calhoun - New York,
NY          60- Roger Jazilek -
New York, NY          61-
Cheryl To - New York,
NY          62- Judy Mercer -
Paris, France          63-
Evelyne Pouget- Woodstock,
NY          64- Hera-Woodstock,
NY          65- Nicos Peonides
- Cyprus - New York NY
66 - Fiona Cousins - new York,
NY          67 - Alistair
Millington - London,
UK          68 - Edgar Craggs -
Bristol, UK          69 - Chris
Hastie - Nottingham,
UK          70 - Adam Barley -
Bristol, UK          71 - Dawn
Morgan - Bristol, UK
72 - Lottie Berthoud - Bristol,
UK          73 - Julia Simnett
- Bristol, UK          74 -
Lindsey Colbourne - Bath,
UK          75 - Wendy Lawton -
Bath, UK          76 - James
Friel - Birmingham, UK
77- Sylvia Magyar - Budapest,
Hungary          78- Kelly
Friesen - Winnipeg, MB,
CANADA          79- Krishna
Lalbiharie - Winnipeg, MB,
CANADA          80- Stephanie
Fehr - Winnipeg, MB,
CANADA          81-Tamara Bodi
- Winnipeg, MB,
CANADA          82-Donna
Douglas - Dawson City, YT,
Cananda          83-Brett
Gilmour - Invermere, BC,
Canada          84-Marc
Lefebvre - Invermere, BC,
Canada          85-Mel
Welsh - INvermere, BC,
Canada          86- Ed
Hoffman - Calgary, Ab,
Canada          87-Chad
Seigel-Fort
Nelson,BC,Canada20.06.00
88-Jens Tambke-Oldenburg, Germany22.06.00
<FONT face=Arial
size=2>          89- Wycliffe
Nabutola Musungu, Nairobi, Kenya

From Reedtb2 at cs.com Fri Jun 23 09:14:44 2000
From: Reedtb2 at cs.com (Reedtb2@cs.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: (Fwd) Conference Announcement
Message-ID: <c0.56818ad.2684bc72@cs.com>

Dear Priya et al:

We are very sorry to say that your conference conflicts with the #2 holiday,
THANKSGIVING in the U.S., Nov. 23 this year. It is our "harvest festival"
and will make it difficult for most USANIANS to attend.

We'll see...

Your pal,

TOM REED

In a message dated 6/20/00 3:14:31 PM Mountain Daylight Time,
english@adan.kingston.net writes:

<<

Stovers,
Here is the second announcement of the conference.
IMPORTANT:
Please note that the Government of India's Ministry of Foreign
Affairs has requested the following information from all non-Indian
participants.
Name and Parentage
Date and Place of Birth
Details of Passport (validity, date of issue, place of issue, date of
expiry)
Current Address and Permanent Address
Some of you have already provided some of the above information,
which has been communicated to the Ministry, however the security
clearance from GOI will not be issued till all the information is
provided. Sorry about all this red tapeism, but can't help it...
We are still looking for funds to meet the travel expenses of some
of you, but no luck so far. Let's keep hoping for the best. Please also
note that the deadline for abstracts has been extended to August-end.
Thank you for your response to the conference and co-operation. I am
looking forward to seeing all of you in November.
Regards,
Priyadarshini Karve.

International Conference on Biomass-based Fuels and Cooking Systems
(BFCS-2000)

November 20-24, 2000

Second Circular

For More Information, Contact:

Convener, BFCS-2000,
Appropriate Rural Technology Institute (ARTI),
2nd Fl., Maninee Apartments, S. No. 13, Opp. Pure Foods Co.,
Dhayarigaon, Pune 411 041, India.
Phone: 91 020 4390348/4392284
E-mail: karve@wmi.co.in, adkarve@pn2.vsnl.net.

Introduction

Over the past few years, considerable research effort has been aimed at
finding the means of efficient and emission-free utilisation of biomass
for satisfying the domestic energy needs. The emphasis of the Conference
shall be on the new trends of biomass energy research, viz., conversion
of biomass into higher grade fuels (char, alcohol, combustible gases,
etc.) and, stove designs for efficient utilisation of these fuels,
mainly for cooking. The conference shall also include special sessions
on strategies for popularisation and commercialisation of improved
stoves and biomass-based fuels among the rural people in the developing
countries, and health and environment-related issues involved in the use
of biomass for cooking and room heating, and possible solutions to the
problems.
The conference will have three days for deliberations (oral as well as
poster presentations) and two days for field trips. An exhibition-cum
demonstration of stoves and related products/technologies will be held
during the Conference.
Selected papers presented at the conference will be published in the
journal 'Energy for Sustainable Development'.

Registration fee: Rs. 500/- for Indian participants, US $50 for
non-Indian participants
Rent for Exhibition Space: Rs. 4000/- for Indian participants, US $100
for non-Indian participants
Last date for receipt of late abstracts: August 31, 2000
Last date for receipt of papers: July 31, 2000
Last date for receipt of papers (late abstracts): Sept.30, 2000
Last date for receipt of conference charges: Sept. 30, 2000

The charges must be paid by Demand Draft payable at Pune, drawn in the
name of eeAppropriate Rural Technology InstituteAE.

Late registration is allowed till November 20, 2000, with a late fee of
Rs.250/-.

Important Information

The conference will be held at Pune, situated about 150 km from Mumbai
(formerly Bombay), in the state of Maharashtra in India. Pune can be
reached by air, rail or road. The nearest international airport is at
Mumbai. The climate in November is pleasant, with the highest
temperature around 30 deg.C and the lowest around 10 deg.C.
The venue of BFCS-2000 is Dr. Manibhai Desai Management Training Centre,
BAIF Development Research Foundation, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National
Highway No. 4, Warje, Pune 411 029. The autorickshaw fare to the venue
from Pune railway station is about Rs.100/- and from the domestic
airport is about Rs.200/-.

Accomodation is arranged at the following locations. Kindly communicate
your accomodation requirement at the earliest.

1. Dr. Manibhai Desai Management Training Centre Guest House, BAIF
Development Research Foundation, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National
Highway No. 4, Warje, Pune 411 029.
Double rooms.
Double occupancy: Rs.250/-, Single occupancy: Rs.400/-; per person per
day

2. The President Hotel, Behind Kohinoor Mangal Karyalaya, Erandwane,
Prabhat Road, Pune 411 004.
Executive Rooms (Taxes extra).
Single Room: Rs.1900/- per day, Double room: Rs. 2400/- per day, Extra
bed: Rs.300/- per day.

The conference will be attended by...

Dr. Ronal Larson, Moderator, Stoves discussion group, CREST, USA.
Dr. Thomas Reed, Bioenergy Division, Community Power Corporation, USA.
Dr. Yuri Yudkevitch, St. Petersburg Forest Technical Academy, Russia.
Dr. Rogerio Miranda, Asesor Tecnico Principal PROLE-A, Nicaragua.
Dr. Ray Wijewardene, biomass researcher, Sri Lanka.
Stove scientists from Technical Back-up-support Units under National
Programme on Improved Chulha in India.
Researchers from Indian Institutes of Technology and other national
research organisations in India.
A number of improved stove manufacturers and rural development activists
from India and abroad.
Representatives of Government of India's Ministry of Nonconventional
Energy Sources, World Bank, FAO, governments of developing countries and
many many others...

Conference Organising Committee

Convener: Dr. A.D. Karve, President, ARTI
Co-Convener: Shri R.D. Hanbar, Senior Scientific Officer, ARTI TBU
Secretary: Dr. Priyadrshini Karve, Lecturer in Physics, Sinhagad College
of Engineering, Pune.
Treasurer: Shri A.V. Barate, Treasurer, ARTI
Members: Members of ARTI
Advisors:
Dr. Ronal Larson, stove scientist, USA.
Prof. Dr. G.S. Tasgaonkar, Chairman, Institution of Engineers Pune
Chapter, India.
>>
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

From festuccia at tiscalinet.it Fri Jun 23 12:08:13 2000
From: festuccia at tiscalinet.it (festuccia)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Pyrolysis of sludge
Message-ID: <39538b4d39c2be6f@laguna.tiscalinet.it>

Hi everybody,
I am looking for documentation about pyrolysis of sludge (from wastewater treatment plants)and eventually papers about the addition of activated carbon in the sludge to improve the yeld of depuration
Thank you very much in advance
Matteo Festuccia

--
TiscaliFreeNet, libero accesso ad Internet.
http://www.tiscalinet.it

From karve at wmi.co.in Fri Jun 23 12:53:16 2000
From: karve at wmi.co.in (karve)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: (Fwd) Conference Announcement
In-Reply-To: <c0.56818ad.2684bc72@cs.com>
Message-ID: <395395A1.400ADD19@wmi.co.in>

USANIAN Stovers,
The problem about the dates was brought to my notice a bit too late. Sorry
about that.
Perhaps you can think of the conference as another way of celebrating the
'harvest festival' - with your extended family (of stoves people). If it is a
holiday period, you can even consider gifting your family a trip to India! We
are in any case trying to work out an arrangement with a reputed travel agent
here to offer tourist packages at reasonable rates to the conference delegates
coming from abroad.
Regards,
Priyadarshini Karve.

Reedtb2@cs.com wrote:

> Dear Priya et al:
>
> We are very sorry to say that your conference conflicts with the #2 holiday,
> THANKSGIVING in the U.S., Nov. 23 this year. It is our "harvest festival"
> and will make it difficult for most USANIANS to attend.
>
> We'll see...
>
> Your pal,
>
> TOM REED
>
> In a message dated 6/20/00 3:14:31 PM Mountain Daylight Time,
> english@adan.kingston.net writes:
>
> <<
>
> Stovers,
> Here is the second announcement of the conference.
> IMPORTANT:
> Please note that the Government of India's Ministry of Foreign
> Affairs has requested the following information from all non-Indian
> participants.
> Name and Parentage
> Date and Place of Birth
> Details of Passport (validity, date of issue, place of issue, date of
> expiry)
> Current Address and Permanent Address
> Some of you have already provided some of the above information,
> which has been communicated to the Ministry, however the security
> clearance from GOI will not be issued till all the information is
> provided. Sorry about all this red tapeism, but can't help it...
> We are still looking for funds to meet the travel expenses of some
> of you, but no luck so far. Let's keep hoping for the best. Please also
> note that the deadline for abstracts has been extended to August-end.
> Thank you for your response to the conference and co-operation. I am
> looking forward to seeing all of you in November.
> Regards,
> Priyadarshini Karve.
>
> International Conference on Biomass-based Fuels and Cooking Systems
> (BFCS-2000)
>
> November 20-24, 2000
>
> Second Circular
>
> For More Information, Contact:
>
> Convener, BFCS-2000,
> Appropriate Rural Technology Institute (ARTI),
> 2nd Fl., Maninee Apartments, S. No. 13, Opp. Pure Foods Co.,
> Dhayarigaon, Pune 411 041, India.
> Phone: 91 020 4390348/4392284
> E-mail: karve@wmi.co.in, adkarve@pn2.vsnl.net.
>
> Introduction
>
> Over the past few years, considerable research effort has been aimed at
> finding the means of efficient and emission-free utilisation of biomass
> for satisfying the domestic energy needs. The emphasis of the Conference
> shall be on the new trends of biomass energy research, viz., conversion
> of biomass into higher grade fuels (char, alcohol, combustible gases,
> etc.) and, stove designs for efficient utilisation of these fuels,
> mainly for cooking. The conference shall also include special sessions
> on strategies for popularisation and commercialisation of improved
> stoves and biomass-based fuels among the rural people in the developing
> countries, and health and environment-related issues involved in the use
> of biomass for cooking and room heating, and possible solutions to the
> problems.
> The conference will have three days for deliberations (oral as well as
> poster presentations) and two days for field trips. An exhibition-cum
> demonstration of stoves and related products/technologies will be held
> during the Conference.
> Selected papers presented at the conference will be published in the
> journal 'Energy for Sustainable Development'.
>
> Registration fee: Rs. 500/- for Indian participants, US $50 for
> non-Indian participants
> Rent for Exhibition Space: Rs. 4000/- for Indian participants, US $100
> for non-Indian participants
> Last date for receipt of late abstracts: August 31, 2000
> Last date for receipt of papers: July 31, 2000
> Last date for receipt of papers (late abstracts): Sept.30, 2000
> Last date for receipt of conference charges: Sept. 30, 2000
>
> The charges must be paid by Demand Draft payable at Pune, drawn in the
> name of eeAppropriate Rural Technology InstituteAE.
>
> Late registration is allowed till November 20, 2000, with a late fee of
> Rs.250/-.
>
> Important Information
>
> The conference will be held at Pune, situated about 150 km from Mumbai
> (formerly Bombay), in the state of Maharashtra in India. Pune can be
> reached by air, rail or road. The nearest international airport is at
> Mumbai. The climate in November is pleasant, with the highest
> temperature around 30 deg.C and the lowest around 10 deg.C.
> The venue of BFCS-2000 is Dr. Manibhai Desai Management Training Centre,
> BAIF Development Research Foundation, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National
> Highway No. 4, Warje, Pune 411 029. The autorickshaw fare to the venue
> from Pune railway station is about Rs.100/- and from the domestic
> airport is about Rs.200/-.
>
> Accomodation is arranged at the following locations. Kindly communicate
> your accomodation requirement at the earliest.
>
> 1. Dr. Manibhai Desai Management Training Centre Guest House, BAIF
> Development Research Foundation, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National
> Highway No. 4, Warje, Pune 411 029.
> Double rooms.
> Double occupancy: Rs.250/-, Single occupancy: Rs.400/-; per person per
> day
>
> 2. The President Hotel, Behind Kohinoor Mangal Karyalaya, Erandwane,
> Prabhat Road, Pune 411 004.
> Executive Rooms (Taxes extra).
> Single Room: Rs.1900/- per day, Double room: Rs. 2400/- per day, Extra
> bed: Rs.300/- per day.
>
> The conference will be attended by...
>
> Dr. Ronal Larson, Moderator, Stoves discussion group, CREST, USA.
> Dr. Thomas Reed, Bioenergy Division, Community Power Corporation, USA.
> Dr. Yuri Yudkevitch, St. Petersburg Forest Technical Academy, Russia.
> Dr. Rogerio Miranda, Asesor Tecnico Principal PROLE-A, Nicaragua.
> Dr. Ray Wijewardene, biomass researcher, Sri Lanka.
> Stove scientists from Technical Back-up-support Units under National
> Programme on Improved Chulha in India.
> Researchers from Indian Institutes of Technology and other national
> research organisations in India.
> A number of improved stove manufacturers and rural development activists
> from India and abroad.
> Representatives of Government of India's Ministry of Nonconventional
> Energy Sources, World Bank, FAO, governments of developing countries and
> many many others...
>
> Conference Organising Committee
>
> Convener: Dr. A.D. Karve, President, ARTI
> Co-Convener: Shri R.D. Hanbar, Senior Scientific Officer, ARTI TBU
> Secretary: Dr. Priyadrshini Karve, Lecturer in Physics, Sinhagad College
> of Engineering, Pune.
> Treasurer: Shri A.V. Barate, Treasurer, ARTI
> Members: Members of ARTI
> Advisors:
> Dr. Ronal Larson, stove scientist, USA.
> Prof. Dr. G.S. Tasgaonkar, Chairman, Institution of Engineers Pune
> Chapter, India.
> >>

begin:vcard
n:Karve;Priyadarshini
tel;fax:-
tel;home:91 020 5423258
tel;work:91 020 5442217/4390348/4392284
x-mozilla-html:FALSE
url:http://members.tripod.com/ARTI_India/index.html
org:Appropriate Rural Technology Institue (ARTI)
version:2.1
email;internet:karve@wmi.co.in
title:Member
note:ARTI is an NGO undertaking research projects to study, develop, standardise, implement, commercialise and popularise innovative appropriate rural technologies with special emphasis on making traditional rural enterprises more profitable and generating new employment opportunities through introduction of novel business possibilities in rural areas.
adr;quoted-printable:;;2nd Floor, Maninee Apartments,=0D=0AOpposite Pure Foods Co., Dhayarigaon,;Pune,;Maharashtra;411 041;India
fn:Dr. Priyadarshini Karve
end:vcard

From "lmarzolo.ENERGIA_VERDE" at gener.cl Sun Jun 25 01:17:34 2000
From: "lmarzolo.ENERGIA_VERDE" at gener.cl (Lorenzo Marzolo)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Charcoal production equipment
Message-ID: <042568FF.00512BCF.00@chr-smtp.gener.cl>

Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Content-Disposition: inline
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-MIME-Autoconverted: from quoted-printable to 8bit by secure.crest.net id
PAA04741

Our company Energía Verde S.A. in Chile is looking for industrial charcoal
production equipment using wood as raw material. We are planning a plant
for 1,500 to 2,000 tonne per year of charcoal, but we also have interest
in smaller and/or mobile plants.

Please if someone knows a company that manufactures these type of
equipments, please send me their e-mail adress or web site.

Thanks you,

L. Marzolo
Energía Verde S.A.
O'Higgins 940, Of. 901
Concepción, Chile
Fone: 56-41-253228
Fax : 56-41-253227

From karve at wmi.co.in Sun Jun 25 01:28:28 2000
From: karve at wmi.co.in (karve)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: BFCS-2000 Second and important Announcement
Message-ID: <200006250528.WAA19656@secure.crest.net>

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International Conference on Biomass-based Fuels and Cooking Systems
(BFCS-2000)

November 20-24, 2000

Second Circular

For More Information, Contact:

Introduction

The charges must be paid by Demand Draft payable at Pune, drawn in the
name of ‘Appropriate Rural Technology Institute’.

Late registration is allowed till November 20, 2000, with a late fee of
Rs.250/-.

Important Information

Accomodation is arranged at the following locations. Kindly communicate
your accomodation requirement at the earliest.

The conference will be attended by...

Dr. Ronal Larson, Moderator, Stoves discussion group, CREST, USA.
Dr. Thomas Reed, Bioenergy Division, Community Power Corporation, USA.
Dr. Yuri Yudkevitch, St. Petersburg Forest Technical Academy, Russia.
Dr. Rogerio Miranda, Asesor Tecnico Principal PROLEÑA, Nicaragua.
Dr. Ray Wijewardene, biomass researcher, Sri Lanka.
Stove scientists from Technical Back-up-support Units under National
Programme on Improved Chulha in India.
Researchers from Indian Institutes of Technology and other national
research organisations in India.
A number of improved stove manufacturers and rural development activists
from India and abroad.
Representatives of Government of India's Ministry of Nonconventional
Energy Sources, World Bank, FAO, governments of developing countries and
many many others...

Conference Organising Committee

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Stovers,
Here is the second announcement of the conference.
IMPORTANT:
Please note that the Government of India's Ministry of Foreign Affairs
has requested the following information from all non-Indian participants.
Name and Parentage
Date and Place of Birth
Details of Passport (validity, date of issue, place of issue, date of expiry)
Current Address and Permanent Address
Some of you have already provided some of the above information, which
has been communicated to the Ministry, however the security clearance from
GOI will not be issued till all the information is provided. Sorry about
all this red tapeism, but can't help it...
We are still looking for funds to meet the travel expenses of some of
you, but no luck so far. Let's keep hoping for the best. Please also note
that the deadline for abstracts has been extended to August-end.
Thank you for your response to the conference and co-operation. I am
looking forward to seeing all of you in November.
Regards,
Priyadarshini Karve.

International Conference on Biomass-based Fuels and Cooking Systems
(BFCS-2000)

November 20-24, 2000

Second Circular

For More Information, Contact:

Convener, BFCS-2000,
Appropriate Rural Technology Institute (ARTI),
2nd Fl., Maninee Apartments, S. No. 13, Opp. Pure Foods Co., Dhayarigaon,
Pune 411 041, India.
Phone: 91 020 4390348/4392284
E-mail: karve@wmi.co.in, adkarve@pn2.vsnl.net.

Introduction

Over the past few years, considerable research effort has been aimed at
finding the means of efficient and emission-free utilisation of biomass for
satisfying the domestic energy needs. The emphasis of the Conference shall
be on the new trends of biomass energy research, viz., conversion of
biomass into higher grade fuels (char, alcohol, combustible gases, etc.)
and, stove designs for efficient utilisation of these fuels, mainly for
cooking. The conference shall also include special sessions on strategies
for popularisation and commercialisation of improved stoves and
biomass-based fuels among the rural people in the developing countries, and
health and environment-related issues involved in the use of biomass for
cooking and room heating, and possible solutions to the problems.
The conference will have three days for deliberations (oral as well as
poster presentations) and two days for field trips. An exhibition-cum
demonstration of stoves and related products/technologies will be held
during the Conference.
Selected papers presented at the conference will be published in the
journal 'Energy for Sustainable Development'.

Registration fee: Rs. 500/- for Indian participants, US $50 for non-Indian
participants
Rent for Exhibition Space: Rs. 4000/- for Indian participants, US $100 for
non-Indian participants
Last date for receipt of late abstracts: August 31, 2000
Last date for receipt of papers: July 31, 2000
Last date for receipt of papers (late abstracts): Sept.30, 2000
Last date for receipt of conference charges: Sept. 30, 2000

The charges must be paid by Demand Draft payable at Pune, drawn in the name
of ‘Appropriate Rural Technology Institute’.

Late registration is allowed till November 20, 2000, with a late fee of
Rs.250/-.

Important Information

The conference will be held at Pune, situated about 150 km from Mumbai
(formerly Bombay), in the state of Maharashtra in India. Pune can be
reached by air, rail or road. The nearest international airport is at
Mumbai. The climate in November is pleasant, with the highest temperature
around 30 deg.C and the lowest around 10 deg.C.
The venue of BFCS-2000 is Dr. Manibhai Desai Management Training Centre,
BAIF Development Research Foundation, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National
Highway No. 4, Warje, Pune 411 029. The autorickshaw fare to the venue from
Pune railway station is about Rs.100/- and from the domestic airport is
about Rs.200/-.

Accomodation is arranged at the following locations. Kindly communicate
your accomodation requirement at the earliest.

1. Dr. Manibhai Desai Management Training Centre Guest House, BAIF
Development Research Foundation, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, National Highway
No. 4, Warje, Pune 411 029.
Double rooms.
Double occupancy: Rs.250/-, Single occupancy: Rs.400/-; per person per day

The conference will be attended by...

Dr. Ronal Larson, Moderator, Stoves discussion group, CREST, USA.
Dr. Thomas Reed, Bioenergy Division, Community Power Corporation, USA.
Dr. Yuri Yudkevitch, St. Petersburg Forest Technical Academy, Russia.
Dr. Rogerio Miranda, Asesor Tecnico Principal PROLEÑA, Nicaragua.
Dr. Ray Wijewardene, biomass researcher, Sri Lanka.
Stove scientists from Technical Back-up-support Units under National
Programme on Improved Chulha in India.
Researchers from Indian Institutes of Technology and other national
research organisations in India.
A number of improved stove manufacturers and rural development activists
from India and abroad.
Representatives of Government of India's Ministry of Nonconventional Energy
Sources, World Bank, FAO, governments of developing countries and many many
others...

Conference Organising Committee

Convener: Dr. A.D. Karve, President, ARTI
Co-Convener: Shri R.D. Hanbar, Senior Scientific Officer, ARTI TBU
Secretary: Dr. Priyadrshini Karve, Lecturer in Physics, Sinhagad College of
Engineering, Pune.
Treasurer: Shri A.V. Barate, Treasurer, ARTI
Members: Members of ARTI
Advisors:
Dr. Ronal Larson, stove scientist, USA.
Prof. Dr. G.S. Tasgaonkar, Chairman, Institution of Engineers Pune Chapter,
India.
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From amsebbit at techmuk.ac.ug Wed Jun 28 09:46:33 2000
From: amsebbit at techmuk.ac.ug (adam sebbit)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Gasifier
Message-ID: <200006281346.GAA11588@secure.crest.net>

Date: Wed, 28 Jun 2000 14:18:59 +0300
MIME-Version: 1.0
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charset="iso-8859-1"
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One company installed a grassfire (coffee husk as a raw material)in
Kampala,
Uganda in 1990. The plant was planned to run a generator (75 kW). But it
failed to produce clean gas. I was informed that there was a plant in
Zimbabwe ,imported from an Italian firm called SEES. It worked very well.
But
I failed to trace the address of the Italian firm.

If any of you knows a firm that produces good grassfire, with clean
combustible gas, please send me
address.
Regards

A.M.Sebbit

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adam.M.Sebbit
Makerere University
Department of Mechanical Engineering
P.O.Box 7062
Kampala, UGANDA
Tel: 256 -41-541173 / 545029
Cell 077-485803
Fax: 256-41-542377
----- Original Message -----
From: Faculty System Admin <admin@techmuk.ac.ug>
To: Adam Sebbit <amsebbit@techmuk.ac.ug>
Sent: Wednesday, June 28, 2000 4:13 PM
Subject: Re: gasifier (fwd)

>
> please forward this to discussion list and not to me
>
> Ali.
> ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> Date: Tue, 27 Jun 2000 17:47:03 +0300
> From: adam sebbit <amsebbit@techmuk.ac.ug>
> To: Faculty System Admin <admin@techmuk.ac.ug>
> Subject: Re: gasifier
>
> One company installed a gasifier (coffee husk as a raw material)in
Kampala,
> Uganda in 1990. The plant was planned to run a generator (75 kW). But it
> failed to produce clean gas. I was informed that there was a plant in
> Zimbabwe ,imported from an Italian firm called SES. It worked very well.
But
> I failed to get the address of the Italian firm.
>
> If any of you knows a firm that produces good gasifier, please send me
> address.
> Regards
> A.M.Sebbit
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Adam.M.Sebbit
> Makerere University
> Department of Mechanical Engineering
> P.O.Box 7062
> Kampala, UGANDA
> Tel: 256 -41-541173 / 545029
> Cell 077-485803
> Fax: 256-41-542377
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: Faculty System Admin <admin@techmuk.ac.ug>
> To: Adam Sebbit <amsebbit@techmuk.ac.ug>
> Sent: Tuesday, June 27, 2000 6:53 PM
> Subject: Pyrolysis of sludge (fwd)
>
>
> >
> >
> > ---------- Forwarded message ----------
> > Date: Fri, 23 Jun 2000 09:08:12 -0700
> > From: festuccia <festuccia@tiscalinet.it>
> > To: stoves@crest.org
> > Subject: Pyrolysis of sludge
> >
> > Hi everybody,
> > I am looking for documentation about pyrolysis of sludge (from
wastewater
> treatment plants)and eventually papers about the addition of activated
> carbon in the sludge to improve the yeld of depuration
> > Thank you very much in advance
> > Matteo Festuccia
> >
> > --
> > TiscaliFreeNet, libero accesso ad Internet.
> > http://www.tiscalinet.it
> >
> > The Stoves List is Sponsored by
> > Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
> > Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
> > http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
> > http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
> > Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
> > http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
> > http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
> > For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
> > http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

From Reedtb2 at cs.com Thu Jun 29 15:22:25 2000
From: Reedtb2 at cs.com (Reedtb2@cs.com)
Date: Tue Aug 31 21:36:36 2004
Subject: Jon Rouse Website in India
Message-ID: <bd.4ba6419.268cfbbe@cs.com>

Dear Jon:

I'm so glad to hear that you are DOING something about stoves. There is so
much talk and so little improvement. Your thesis is excellent and we quote
from it here at Community Power Corporation. (See our sites at www.gocpc.com
and www.woodgas.com).

Where are you in INDIA? If possible you should visit

Priyadarshina Karve and her stove institute in Pune. She is hosting an
international conference in November (attached) that will be a high water
mark of practical and theoretical stove cooking.

Yours truly, TOM REED

In a message dated 6/26/00 8:33:37 AM Mountain Daylight Time,
rousejon@hotmail.com writes:

<<
Dear Tom,

I am re-forwarding the attached. My email is unreliable here in India, so I
wonder if it perhaps didn't get through. Any comments? Am I contacting the
right guy? I have copied Alex English on in this too.

I have just had a very successful day in the village - a women's cooking
competition on the traditional stove, and two improved stoves. One of the
stoves cooked the full meal (chapatti, rice, dahl and veg) 30 minutes (35%)
quicker than the trad, and used 0.5Kg (25%) less wood. This was with no
intervention on my part - they just cooked the same dishes in the ways they
normally would. Very encouraging, and women are desperate to have one built
in their homes. Yes - I am about to write to the Stoves list with some news -
including my angle on grates for wood stoves.

Warm regards,

Jon

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Jonathan Rouse
Email: jonrouse@iname.com
Web: www.jonrouse.freeserve.co.uk/dev
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
----- Original Message -----
From: Jon Rouse
To: Reedtb2@cs.com
Sent: Wednesday, June 07, 2000 8:55 AM
Subject: Jon Rouse Website

Dear Tom,

A long time has past since the attached correspondence, but my website is
now up and running, and if you think that it would be useful to make it
available to the stovers, then you are welcome to either publicise it or put
a link in from the Stoves site. The site is quite broad but there are two
main areas of potential interest.

a) 'Documents'; 'Stoves'. This details my dissertation on the 'Fundamental
Criteria for Success'.
b) 'India'. I am presently working in India on a small stoves project, and
this will be the most relevant part of the site, which is constantly
evolving. It shows some of the designs for stoves and components (like
grates), as well as the way in which the whole programme is being run at the
village level.

The URL for 'Home' is;
www.jonrouse.freeserve.co.uk/dev

I look forward to your comments - and sorry about the delay! Unfortunately I
had to spend a long time earning / saving money to get myself out here and do
something with stoves, hence the quiet period.

Best wishes,

Jon

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Jonathan Rouse
Email: jonrouse@iname.com
Web: www.jonrouse.freeserve.co.uk/dev
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
----- Original Message -----
From: Reedtb2@cs.com
To: jon@jonrouse.freeserve.co.uk
Sent: Wednesday, November 24, 1999 8:07 PM
Subject: Re: Improved Cookstove Programs

Dear Jon:

I'll look forward to your site. I printed up a few copies of your thesis
for
friends to read, but I agree that your site is where it should reside.

I hope I am updating my site this week....

Keep in touch, TOM REED
>>

International Conference on Biomass-based Fuels and Cooking Systems
(BFCS-2000
The Stoves List is Sponsored by
Pyromid Inc. http://www.pyromid.net
Stoves Webpage, Charcoal, Activated Carbon
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Stoves.html
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/carbon.shtml
Other Sponsors, Archive and Information
http://solstice.crest.org/renewables/stoves-list-archive/
http://www.crest.org/renewables/biomass-info/
For information about CHAMBERS STOVES
http://www.ikweb.com/enuff/public_html/Chamber.htm

BioEnergy Lists: Improved Biomass Cooking Stoves

June 2000 Biomass Cooking Stoves Archive