"Traditional" 3-stone open fire

"Improved" ceramic wood-burning stove: Kuni Mbili (Kuni Mbili means "two pieces of wood" in Kiswahili)

"Improved" ceramic wood-burning stove: Upesi (left) and Lira (right) (Upesi means "fast burning" in Kiswahili)

 "Traditional" charcoal-burning stove: Metal Jiko

"Improved" ceramic charcoal-burning stove: Kenya Ceramic Jiko (KCJ)

"Improved" charcoal-burning stove: Loketto

"Improved" stoves are made of a ceramic liner (seen below for Upesi and Lira) and a metal body (seen below for KCJ), connected with a mixture of vermiculite and cement