Indonesia

INVERTED-DOWNDRAFT COAL GASIFIER FOR SMALL SCALE INDUSTRY THERMAL APPLICATION
Alexis Belonio, Daniel Belonio, Fraciscus Tria Garleman, Bima Tahar, and Djoewito Atmowidjojo
Minang Jordanindo Approtech, November 2008

Gasifier With Jet Burner

Fuel source for small-scale industry heating application is becoming expensive. This is more so for food, grain, and other processing industries in Indonesia where the energy sources for various processes are highly dependent on conventional fuel. At present, the cost of LPG went up to IDR 7,000 per kg while kerosene and diesel to as high as IDR 12,000 and IDR 5,500 per liter, respectively.

SMALL-SCALE INDUSTRY COAL GASIFIER STOVE FOR FRYING FOOD PRODUCTS
Alexis Belonio, Daniel Belonio, Franciscus Tria Garleman, and Djoewito Atmowidjojo
Minang Jordanindo Approtech, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia, November 2008

Coal Stove

The cost of frying food products for small-scale industry bake shop is now becoming expensive brought about by the ever-increasing cost of LPG fuel. Based on the experience of Sakura Ampan Bakeshop in Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia, a single-burner gas stove consumes about 2.2 kilogram of LPG per hour. With the present cost of LPG of IDR 350,000.00 per 50-kg tank, the bakeshop is spending around IDR 15,400.00 per hour for cooking and/or frying food products. For 8 hours operation per day, around IDR 123,200.00 is spent for its cooking/frying activities using LPG.

Coal, which is abundant in supply and so far the cheapest of the fuels available in Indonesia, is the only alternative fuel to LPG that is considered economical and feasible for small-scale industry use. However, the emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2), which is the predominant reason for the unacceptability of this fuel among households, makes the use of coal unpopular for industry application. Nevertheless, this problem is now resolved by gasification. Injecting lesser amount of air to the coal bed during gasification in the stove greatly reduced the amount of SO2 emission as compared with the conventional direct combustion burning of fuel. By gasification, coal can be conveniently used with almost no SO2 emission during cooking.

Save80 Stove inCDM and Refugee/IDP Projects 2005-2008
July 2008

See also, UNHCR: Save80 in Darfur February 2008

Finding trees in the Desert:Firewood Collection and Alternatives in Darfur Women's Commission for Refugees and Children 2006

Beyond Firewood Fuel Alternatives and Protection Strategies for Displaced Women and Girls 2006

Internal Displacement Monitoring Center2008
Update on Chad November2007
CDM Cookstove Project Soutwest Sulawesi 1
LHL/DARE Efficient Wood Fuel Cooking Stovesfor Nigeria CDM Project

Cookstove System Save80
LUSAKA SUSTAINABLE ENERGY PROJECT and COOK STOVE PROJECT KUPANG
Climate Interchange AG,Garching/Munich, Germany, July 2008
Cookstove Save80

MJA Biomass Gas Stove
Alexis Belonio, July 23, 2008
MJA Biomass Gas Stove Burning Coal

Alexis Belonio writes (edited and annotated by Paul Anderson and Tom Miles):

Attached is a picture of my latest coal gasifier stove. This
is the same basic TLUD stove I have for wood charcoal and wood chunks.

For domestic use, I use carbonized coal (or coke) as fuel instead
of the raw coal. Coal can be used for the stove, but we don't want to promote
this as a fuel since it emits poisonous gas. I would prefer to use coal for
industry application where gas can be cleaned before it is released to the
atmosphere.

I provide only a small amount of coal fuel in the gasifier stove, enough
for cooking. This mean that the power output is only small and the
metal I use is a stainless steel.

I ignite the carbonized coal by using a wood charcoal that has been soaked in
kerosene as igniter. [This is a TLUD stove, so ignition is at the top.]

[In the Belonio TLUDs, the fan only blows the primary air. The
secondary air is
pre-heated as it rises naturally between the fuel cylinder and the outer
cylinder, finally exiting into the rising flow of combustible gases.]
The smoke in the coal gasifier I have was eliminated [combusted] by mixing
preheated air with the gas generated from the reactor. I think
there is no need of [forced] mixing the secondary air by creating turbulence
with the combustible gases. Because in that case, you will need a
slightly bigger fan with enough pressure to push the air.
MJ Biomass Gas Stove

Alexis Belonio
atbelonio@yahoo.com

Top Lit Updraft (TLUD) Gasifier for Carbonized Coal
by Alexis Belonio, Immanuel Ginting, Djoewito Atmowidjojo, and Bony Minang
TLUD for Carbonized Coal

A LOW-COST RICE HUSK GAS STOVE
Alexis Belonio and Djoewito Atmowidjojo, Central Philippines University and Approtech Indonesia, August 30, 2007
RHStove

Wood Char Gasifier Stove
Alexis Belonio and Djoewito Atmowidjojo, August 7, 2007

Wood Charcoal Gasifier Stove
Alexis Belonio and Djoewito Atmowidjojo, August 6, 2007

South Asia Regional Workshop on Indoor Air Pollution, Health and Household Energy
27-28 February 2006, Kathmandu, Nepal
Practical Action February 2006